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Cell-cell adhesion plays critical roles in maintaining and regulating cellular functions. Here, authors present a diffusive N-cadherin functionalized hydrogel that provides cell-cell adhesion cues to modulate intercellular communication to promote neural regeneration for treatment of traumatic brain injury.

Cargo transport from the ER to the Golgi is highly selective. Here the authors identify three secretory pathway localized proteins that regulate ER sorting of receptor kinases in Arabidopsis and are required to support pollen tube growth.

The intercellular disruption leading to persistent inflammation in diabetic wounds remains unclear. Here, Lv et al. identify that the moonlighting function of MAT2A mediates the senescence-inflammation communication between pericytes and macrophages, and provide a potential biomimetic senotherapy for wound regeneration.

Endocytosis of TFR1 plays a crucial role in extracelluar iron uptake. Here the authors revealed that PKCβII facilitates the endocytosis of TFR1 and increases cellular iron levels through the phosphorylation of AAK1, thus promoting ferroptosis of tumor cells.

Estimates from the Global Burden of Disease study reveal declines in chronic respiratory disease mortality between 1990 and 2023—especially during the COVID-19 pandemic—but the burdens on people affected remain substantial.

Liu et al. report Chinese normative lifespan brain charts showing later neurodevelopmental milestones than those detected in Western cohorts. Individual deviations from these norms are valuable in assessing clinical risk and outcomes.

The role of TGFβ in cancer is paradoxical and context-dependent. Here, the authors discover that a preserved, DLD-mediated metabolic suppression by TGFβ undermines anti-TGFβ therapy, promoting gastric cancer growth.

The authors find that O-GalNAc transferase 2 (GALNT2) restricts viral infection, probably through the regulation of the proteolytic processing of viral glycoproteins via its O-linked glycosylation activity, impairing virus–cell fusion.

The regulation of ferroelectric photovoltaic properties has been challenging. Here, authors substitute the p-site of cations with halogen for tuning distortion degree of inorganic layer and electric dipole moment of aromatic spacer, achieving ferroelectric anomalous photovoltaic effect of 38.2 V.

The recent global mpox outbreaks underscore the critical need for antiviral development, hindered by the complexity of the MPXV genome. Using yeast TAR cloning, CRISPR-Cas9, and Lambda Red recombination to engineer replication-defective MPXV, the authors offer a platform for therapeutic research and identify G243-1720, a compound with a tecovirimat-like mechanism, as a promising anti-poxvirus compound.

A single-strand deaminase-assisted platform simultaneously rewrites multiple bases within a single RNA transcript.

A genome-wide CRISPR knockout screen reveals UHRF1 restricts HCoV-229E by epigenetically silencing its receptor, APN. As UHRF1 declines with age, APN expression rises, enhancing viral susceptibility in macrophages from elderly individuals.

Understanding brain function requires integrating neuronal structure, activity, and genes. Here, authors developed an optogenetic tool they name Pisces, to enable complete labeling of individual neurons’ morphology with functional and molecular profiling, allowing multimodal single-cell analysis in vivo in zebrafish.

In patients with metastatic osteosarcoma who have progressed on first-line chemotherapy, the prognosis is poor. Here, the authors report a phase II randomized clinical trial comparing the combination of apatinib (multi tyrosine kinase inhibitor) and chemotherapy (ifosfamide and etoposide) against chemotherapy alone in patients with relapsed or refractory metastatic osteosarcoma.

SARS-CoV-2 continues to evolve, necessitating updated vaccines and therapeutics. Here the authors identify three broadly binding antibodies from vaccinated or infected individuals, characterize their conserved non-overlapping RBD epitopes by structural analysis and demonstrate protective effects in a hamster model.

Bi, Mo, Liu et al. carry out high-throughput screening and analysis to profile genome-wide pro-tumour enhancers and uncover enhancer connectomes in glioma. In particular, they identify specific single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with glioma risk and progression.

Neurovascular interaction is critical for normal brain vascular development. Here, the authors show that neuronal NMDARs regulate brain vascular development via VEGF-induced global Ca2+ activities of endothelial tip cells.

Interpreting bone metastases (BMs) from computed tomography (CT) images remains challenging. Here, the authors develop an AI-based Bone Lesion Detection System - BLDS - and validate it in a cohort of 2,518 patients across five hospitals, showing highly sensitive and accurate performance for BM detection from CT scans.

Phosphorylation of ACSL4 by mitochondria-located metabolic kinase PCK2 is critical to regulating ferroptosis-associated phospholipid remodeling in tumor-repopulating cells that are resistant to chemotherapy and radiotherapy.

Solar cells based on 3D/2D perovskite heterostructures show promising performance, but ion diffusion limits the device stability. Now Luo et al. suppress ion diffusion by inserting a cross-linked polymer between the 2D and 3D layers, improving the operational stability.

This study identifies four distinct polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) subtypes using unsupervised clustering analysis on data from 11,908 women and validated across five diverse cohorts. The subtypes show unique clinical features and suggest that subtype-specific management could enhance treatment precision for PCOS.

Pulmonary fibrosis involves chronic inflammation and extracellular matrix remodeling but the contribution of neutrophils is unclear. Here the authors show that reverse-migrating neutrophils anchored in the lung extracellular matrix exacerbate fibrosis via ICAM1 and macrophage derived cathepsin C.

Transplanted older livers are prone to injury through unclear mechanisms, precluding effective treatment development. Here, the authors show that decreased FTO expression in older livers inhibits Acsl4 and Tfrc mRNA stability in an m6A-dependent manner, increasing cell death in older donor livers.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors have shown promise in tumour immunotherapy but resistance has been seen. Here using pre-treatment hepatocellular carcinoma patient biopsies from patients scheduled for immunotherapy, the authors implicate BCL9 and show that a BCL9-targeting peptide promotes anti-tumour immunity in mouse models through targeting macrophages and promoting anti-tumour T cell responses.

Addressing the stability challenges from metal electrodes/perovskite components chemical interactions is essential for high-performance perovskite solar cells. Here, authors design a bilayer polymer buffer to mitigate metal/ion interdiffusion, realizing a certified efficiency of 26.46%.

Grain boundaries in polycrystalline materials strongly influence their mechanical properties. Here, the authors investigate polycrystalline TiO₂by high-resolution electron microscopy and observe that structural defects form ordered structures at grain boundaries influencing their properties.

Controlling the chain length distribution (CLD) of hydrocarbons in plastic degradation is crucial for the downstream synthesis of functional chemicals but controlling the CLD remains challenging. Herein, the authors introduce a fractionated degradation approach to tune the CLD of hydrocarbons derived from polypropylene (PP) degradation, thereby facilitating effective downstream valorization.

Uveitis is a complex autoimmune inflammatory disease of the eye and defining molecules involved is a priority. Here the authors use scRNA sequencing in mouse experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU) and show PIM1 promotes the imbalance of Th17 and Treg cells, and find elevated PIM-1 in human uveitis disease.

In this work, the authors introduce parallel symbolic enumeration (PSE), a model that discovers physical laws from data with improved accuracy and speed. By evaluating millions of expressions in parallel and reusing computations, PSE outperforms the state-of-the-art methods.

Neoadjuvant cancer therapeutic strategy has been explored in phase I/II clinical studies for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Here this group reports a single-arm, phase II clinical trial evaluating the neoadjuvant radiotherapy plus PD-1 inhibitor tislelizumab combined with paclitaxel and cisplatin, followed by radical surgical resection on 28 patients with untreated stage III-IVB head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

The commercialization of solar cells based on hybrid perovskites requires challenges of device stability and scalable production to be addressed. Ronget al. report ambient-processed printable mesoscopic perovskite solar cells with a lifetime of over 130 days in ambient air with 30% relative humidity.

Cobalt, iron or manganese catalysts are the metals of choice in alkene functionalization reactions via catalytic metal hydride hydrogen atom transfer (MHAT). Now a complementary MHAT-like system based on copper is proposed to operate in a regioselective Markovnikov addition reaction of nucleophiles to olefins.

Zhang and colleagues found that Omicron RBD binding to Siglec-9 impaired phagocytosis and antigen presentation in macrophages, an effect abrogated by an F375S mutation in the spike protein of Omicron.

Oxidative stress contributes significantly to postmenopausal osteoporosis by impairing osteoblast function, but its precise mechanisms remain unclear. Here, the authors show that estrogen deficiency reduces GPX4 expression, leading to phospholipid peroxidation that impairs osteoblastogenesis, while GPX4 activators including 6- and 8-Gingerols can mitigate these effects.

By fecal microbiota transplantation from alcohol use disorder patients and healthy individuals into germ-free mice, it was proved that chronic alcohol consumption affects blood-brain barrier integrity through the gut-brain axis.

The emergence of resistant subpopulations often underlies the development of resistance to cancer therapy. Here, using a DNA barcoding approach, the authors demonstrate EGFR TKI treatment in non-small cell lung cancer enriches for resistant subpopulation which can be prevented by treatment with the multikinase inhibitor sorafenib via inhibition of MKNK, STAT3 and MCL1.

While aromatase inhibitors (AI) are an effective treatment for patients with estrogen receptor positive breast cancer, resistance presents a major obstacle. Here, the authors identify DIO3OS, a long noncoding RNA, as a driver of AI-resistance in breast cancer through the enhancement of aerobic glycolysis.

The Error-Catastrophe Theory posits that translation errors shorten lifespan, but direct evidence is limited. Here, the authors show that translational fidelity predicts longevity in yeast, with VPS70 as a shared genetic determinant of both traits.

Radiation colitis is a major side effect for pelvic radiotherapy patients, but there are limited available treatments. Here, the authors use a halloysite clay based material for the alleviation of radiation colitis in mice by inhibiting ferroptosis.