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While EGFR mutations are drivers of cancer, the function of extracellular domain mutations remains poorly defined. Here, the authors show that the R252C extracellular mutation induces conformational change of EGFR to directly activate ERK and promote cancer growth, which can be targeted by afatinib.

Tea plant has a highly complex and heterozygous genome, and can produce abundant beneficial metabolites. Here, the authors report the haplotype-resolved genome of cultivar Fuding Dabaicha and reveal structural variations associated with secondary metabolism diversity through QTL and mGWAS analyses.

Zhang, Huang, Wang, Long et al. report that NAT10 enhances serine uptake and biosynthesis in an ac4C-dependent mechanism, thereby promoting stemness and progression in acute myeloid leukaemia.

To establish metastasis, cancer cells need to adapt in order to navigate through confined spaces. Here, the authors discover that compression force-induced CSK23-mediated NF-κB activation regulates ALDH1B1 expression, ultimately modulating ferroptosis and tumor cell survival in confining capillaries.

It is unclear how early-life urbanicity influences adult neurobehavioral traits. This study reveals that earlier menarche mediates the relationship between early-life urbanicity and adult neurobehavioral traits associated with mental disorders.

Sihan Tan and colleagues report an AI agent capable of process simulation, optimization, carbon emission accounting, and decarbonization intervention evaluation. This progress facilitates high-resolution carbon emission models of the industry.

A cross-ancestry GWAS meta-analyses of brainstem structures identify 713 associations. It reveals shared/distinct genetic architectures across ancestries/substructures and overlaps with neuropsychiatric disorders and physiological functions.

CD36 drives lymph node metastasis in breast cancer by activating YAP signaling-mediated anoikis resistance via inducing the PPARα-CYP7A1 bile acid biosynthesis pathway.

A domain-folding strategy is developed to assemble graphene into carbon fibres at room temperature, achieving ultrahigh strength and stiffness as well as greatly reducing energy consumption.

The authors show that hot-pressing markedly improves high-power performance. In the hot-pressing process, the combined effect of applied pressure and sintering aids reduces the sintering temperature, which not only minimizes lead volatilization but also promotes densification.

The commercialization of organic solar cells has been hindered by the limited device stability. Here, authors show that the connectivity of electron transport network is a key factor determining electron transport and device stability, with polymeric acceptors likely to establish such a network.

Phenotype-based screening is a major bottleneck in the development of microbial cell factories. Here the authors build an AI-powered digital colony picker for single-cell-resolved, contactless screening and export of microbial strains, which identified lactate-tolerant Zymomonas mobilis mutants.

Authors report a direct ink writing strategy to create transparent polymethylsilsesquioxane aerogels from gel inks with desired rheology, using acid-base dual modulators to achieve “activation–retardation” of polycondensation reaction.

PEDF impairs insulin secretion in β-cells by downregulating the SNARE complex, thereby suppressing the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, suggesting that PEDF is a therapeutic target for T2DM.

Serine metabolism is essential for leukemogenesis and stemness in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Here the authors show that targeting IGF2BP3 disrupts the serine synthesis pathway in AML cells in an RNA N⁶-Methyladenosine modification dependent manner, sensitizing AML cells to serine and glycine deprivation.

Piracetam improves wide-bandgap perovskite crystallinity and uniformity, enabling monolithic all-perovskite tandem solar cells with efficiencies of 28.71% (0.07 cm²) and 28.20% (1.02 cm²), ensuring minimal efficiency loss during scale-up.

In a multicenter randomized phase 3 trial, stapokibart, a humanized monoclonal antibody that targets IL-4R alpha, significantly improved daily nasal and ocular symptom scores during the pollen phase in patients with moderate-to-severe seasonal allergic rhinitis.

How metabolic signals are sensed by the cell cycle machinery remains unclear. Here, the authors demonstrate that the glycolytic enzyme PFKM acts as a citrate sensor to promote mitosis, coupling metabolic activity to cell cycle regulation.

Replacing traditional PEG-lipids in lipid nanoparticle formulations with zwitterionic polymer–lipid and brush polymer–lipid conjugates offers enhanced intracellular delivery and reduced immunogenicity, making them promising alternatives to PEGylated nanoparticles.

A newly identified coronavirus isolated from farmed minks can use the receptor ACE2 to infect cells of different mammalian species, including human cells, which has implications for potential zoonotic spillover events.

Histamine H3 receptor dysregulation is a hallmark of pathological conditions in the central nervous system, and H3 receptor antagonism is neuroprotective. Here Chen et al.show that histamine-independent H3 receptor activation can enhance neuronal cell death during cerebral ischaemia by suppressing autophagy.

Artificial intelligence-based detection of gastric cancer at different stages from noncontrast computed tomography is suggested to be feasible in a retrospective analysis of large and diverse cohorts, including real-world populations in opportunistic and targeted screening scenarios.

Using single-cell transcriptomics, the authors generate a brain cell atlas for the pharaoh ant including individuals of different sexes and castes and show changes in cell composition underlying division of labour and reproductive specialization.

The molecular mechanisms underlying the function of different cellular states in glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) remain poorly understood. Here, the authors perform integrated single cell and bulk analysis of GSCs and identify potential therapeutic targets.

Worldwide, the number of only-child families is increasing. This research examines how growing up without siblings affects adult brain structure, function and connectivity, cognition, personality and mental health.

Socioeconomic status is multidimensional and can change over time. Xu, Lui, Ji et al. found dimension-specific, late-stage-specific and change-specific socioeconomic effects on brain, cognition, personality and emotion.

A proteogenomic profiling analysis of single cells from the blood and lymph nodes of individuals living with HIV-1 reveals that CD4⁺ memory T cells harbouring intact provirus show signatures associated with resistance to immune-mediated killing and cell survival.

Cytochromes bd oxidase (Cyt-bd) catalyzes the reduction of oxygen to water and is the terminal oxidase in the respiratory chain of prokaryotes. Here, the authors present the 2.8 Å cryo-EM structure of Mycobacterium smegmatis Cyt-bd and identify two potential oxygen access channels in the structure, which is of interest for the development of novel antituberculosis drugs.

The clinical outcomes of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remain poor, and thus it remains critical to find prognostic molecular markers. Here, the authors identify prognostic ESCC subtypes based on bulk and single-cell RNA-seq combined with histology AI in samples from patients with more than four years of follow-up, and find markers associated with immune evasion.

SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant evolves into multiple sub-variants. Here, authors evaluate the binding capacity of these sub-variants to human and animal ACE2s and reveal molecular bases for their receptor binding and broader interspecies recognition.

Reaching the depths of the respiratory tract is hard even with vapor-based drug delivery. Here, the authors devise inhalable biohybrid microrobots that, thanks to their motility, reach deeper regions of the lungs.

Cross-ancestry genome-wide association studies of 3,414 brain imaging phenotypes in Chinese Han and white British participants identify autosomal and X-chromosomal associations in more diverse populations.

Intracellular copper concentration has been linked to cell proliferation. Here, the authors demonstrate that copper binding to both Cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) and CCNB1 is essential for activating CDK1 and promoting the G2/M transition in the cell cycle.

Macrophages play a key role in atherosclerosis through lipid uptake and inflammation. Here, the authors show that RNF128 promotes atherosclerosis by stabilizing scavenger receptor B1 (SRB1) via polyubiquitination, enhancing foam cell formation and inflammation, while its ablation reduces plaque formation in hyperlipidemic mice.

Although COVID-19 vaccines are proving to be generally effective, new therapeutics to neutralize SARS-CoV-2 are required. Here, the authors engineer bispecific antibodies from ACE2-blocking B38 and H4 SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies and demonstrate their superiority in mice and nonhuman primates.

Evolution of accretion disk and corona during outbursts in black hole binary systems is still unclear. Here, the authors show spectral analysis of MAXI J1820+070 and propose a scenario of a dynamical corona to explain the evolution of the reflection fraction observed by Insight-HXMT.

Macrophages are considered a good candidate for cancer cytotherapy because of their phagocytotic capacity, enabling them to deliver cargo to tissues. Here authors engineer macrophages that are targeted to glypican-3-expressing tumour cells and equipped with drug-loaded exosomes and show therapeutic efficiency in a mouse model of hepatocellular cancer.

In this work, the authors present an ice-templating strategy to produce large-scale isotropic nanofiber aerogels using a unique process of freezing the material on a rotating cryogenic drum surface, crushing it, and then re-casting the nanofiber slurry enabling high-throughput and design flexibility.

Intrinsic active sites of single-atom catalysts are often obscured in ensemble-averaged measurements. Here, the authors successfully quantified Fe-N active sites by employing single-molecule fluorescence microscopy combined with the atomic structure-dependent oxidase-like catalysis model.

Loading guests inside the pre-existing pores of nanoporous hosts remains challenging. Here, the authors introduce a rational route for incorporation of guest compounds into an arbitrary nanoporous host, enabling the investigation of multiple host-guest systems with surprising functionalities.

Genome-wide association meta-analyses in populations of East Asian and European ancestries identify variant–trait associations for 44 hippocampal traits and provide insight into the genetic architectures of hippocampal and subfield volumes.

Plants produce a variety of metabolites that have a critical role in growth and development. Here, the authors carry out a genome-wide association analysis of metabolites and metabolite features in maize and identify candidate genes involved in secondary metabolism, and a potential biomarker for the genetic improvement of the crop.