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Bacteria can infect tumour cells which may affect the biological characteristics of the tumour or even the therapeutic outcome. Here authors show that Stenotrophomonas, upon entering tumour cells, trigger endoplasmic reticulum stress, leading to STING degradation and inhibition of MHC-II⁺ macrophages, which ultimately cause tumour progression and immunotherapy resistance.

Atomic catalytic pairs enable multistep transformations, yet the roles of spatial arrangement and coordination symmetry in homonuclear pairs remain unclear. Here, the authors construct atomically dispersed homonuclear Pt₁–Pt₁ pairs with asymmetric Pt₁C₃–Pt₁O₁C₃ coordination on reduced graphene oxide, enabling efficient transfer hydrogenation of azobenzene.

Natural variation in the promoter of OsTPS8 contributes to differences in grain chalkiness and seed vigor between indica and japonica rice subspecies by altering trehalose-6-phosphate biosynthesis and α-amylase levels.

Chen et al. report a tailored self-assembled monolayer to create a localized 2D/3D perovskite heterojunction. This strategy reduces interfacial loss, achieving photovoltages >90% of thermodynamic limit for wide-bandgap cells, and enables perovskite-organic tandem solar cells with efficiency of 27.11%.

A percolating interaction between antipolar regions and engineered defect pairs facilitates antipolar rotations, enabling superior energy storage performance in AgNbO₃-based ceramics.

Large-effect variants in autism remain elusive. Here, the authors use long-read sequencing to assemble phased genomes for 189 individuals, identifying pathogenic variants in TBL1XR1, MECP2, and SYNGAP1, plus nine candidate structural variants missed by short-read methods.

Functional evolution expands the catalytic repertoire of biosynthetic enzymes. Here, the authors reveal that a tripartite enzyme complex has evolved to catalyze Friedel–Crafts acylation through neofunctionalization of a conserved thiolase architecture.

Microbial sulfur metabolism typically separates sulfide oxidation and sulfate reduction, but this limits adaptation under sulfide-overloaded conditions. Authors here discover a Mycobacterium species MAGM116, that simultaneously performs sulfide oxidation and assimilatory sulfate reduction, reducing ROS by 57.5% and maintaining intracellular redox homeostasis under extreme acidity

This study applies generalized linear mixed models (GLMM) and advanced transcriptome wide association study (TWAS) methods to improve the discovery of colorectal cancer risk transcription factors and genes, including potential druggable targets.

The existence of a long-lived, prethermal regime in many-body systems with tunable heating rates, driven by structured random protocols, is observed using a 78-qubit superconducting quantum processor.

In this work, Chang et al. report a thermotropic liquid additive for perovskite solar cells that enables dynamic interface management, simultaneously passivating defects and suppressing ion migration to deliver high efficiency and substantially enhanced operational stability.

Humanity’s Last Exam, a multi-modal benchmark at the frontier of human knowledge, is designed to be an expert-level closed-ended academic benchmark with broad subject coverage.

This study explains the superior spin selectivity (>60%) and high conductivity in molecular knots through a novel theoretical model based on geometric spin-orbit coupling, directly linking their robustness to topological chirality.

Estimates from the Global Burden of Disease study reveal declines in chronic respiratory disease mortality between 1990 and 2023—especially during the COVID-19 pandemic—but the burdens on people affected remain substantial.

A large-twist-angle bilayer graphene platform exhibits a quantized ratio of displacement to magnetic field at Landau-level crossings, offering a route to high-resolution cryogenic magnetometry.

Quantum low-density parity-check error correction codes are anticipated to deliver high performance, but require long-range qubit–qubit interactions. Two of these error correction codes have now been successfully implemented on a superconducting device.

Controllable and scalable phase transition of transition metal chalcogenides is challenging. Using in situ microscopic analysis, a non-stoichiometric phase transition from PdTe₂ to PdTe is observed on the atomic scale, providing mechanistic insights into the scalable phase engineering of transition metal chalcogenide films and heterostructures.

Survival in dynamic and complex environments requires groups to exhibit a high level of responsiveness to rapidly changing circumstances. Using empirical data from Hemigrammus rhodostomus fish schools and experiments with swarm robotics, the study demonstrates that perfectly nested interaction networks enhance information flow and shape highly responsive collective behavior in both collective hovering and following tasks.

Static cloaking and camouflage remain a central challenge in mechanics. Yang et al. introduce an irregular growth strategy with limited building blocks of varying stiffness, enabling complex void structures for effective cloaking and mutual camouflage under diverse loading.

Chen et al. identify a brain-to-bone communication axis whereby extracellular vesicles from aged brain neurons transport WDFY1 protein to distal bone, driving bone-fat imbalance and promoting osteoporosis.

Liu et al. report Chinese normative lifespan brain charts showing later neurodevelopmental milestones than those detected in Western cohorts. Individual deviations from these norms are valuable in assessing clinical risk and outcomes.

The electrochemical semi-hydrogenation of C₂H₂ to C₂H₂ is a promising process, but the competing hydrogen evolution reaction remains a major obstacle. This work presents a novel catalytic strategy to steer active hydrogen species, thereby improving the Faradaic efficiency for ethylene.

Porous polydimethylsiloxane elastomers produced by phase separation methods often suffer from limited tribological and mechanical properties. Here, the authors describe the synthesis of porous elastomers with borate driven heterogeneous networks, improving tribological properties, with controllable pore structure and mechanical performance.

Microgravity triggers carotid artery aging via SREBP1. This lipid regulator remodels chromatin by boosting acetyl-CoA, silencing contractile genes while activating aging pathways. Targeting SREBP1 blocks senescence, revealing a therapeutic strategy for spaceflight-associated vascular remodeling.

Universal properties have previously been observed mostly in the equilibrium physics of many-body systems in the low-energy and low-temperature regime. Now universality is observed at high temperature in the spin dynamics of a solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance system.

The mechanism of how different anion dopants influence the catalytic performance for sulfur species is currently lacking systematic theoretical studies. Here, an accurate p-p-s electronic coupling descriptor was proposed as a criterion to guide the design of anion-doped Li-S catalysts.

A novel magnetized plasma rotator based on Frequency-Variable Faraday Rotation (FVFR) in the nonlinear plasma wake is put forward, which can manipulate efficiently the polarization of relativistic mid to far-infrared optical pulses and even THz waves.

This study identifies ICA proteins in Arabidopsis roots as key mediators of Ca²⁺ uptake through non-selective cation channels. High-order ica mutants show reduced Ca²⁺ levels and heightened stress sensitivity, revealing ICAs’ role in Ca²⁺ homeostasis.

A flexible perovskite/silicon tandem solar cell making use of a dual-buffer layer comprising a compact SnO_x layer deposited first followed by a loose SnO_x layer is described, showing efficiencies rivalling rigid counterparts and good durability.

This study identifies 245 genetic loci associated with head-to-body ratios using 38,202 bone density scan images from the UK Biobank, revealing genetic links to skeletal and brain development, disease susceptibility, and human evolutionary adaptation.

The development of novel two-dimensional antiferromagnets is crucial for enhancing the performance of spintronic devices. Here, authors realize the synthesis of CrOCl monolayer films and nanosheets that exhibit excellent performance.

Using time-resolved Coulomb-explosion imaging, the authors capture a 600 fs pseudorotation in the benzene cation, revealing coherent vibronic dynamics around a conical intersection and visualizing transient structural variations.

Dopamine-containing adhesives exhibit strong and versatile adhesion through multiple interactions but application is limited by the slow and unsatisfactorily controlled oxidative polymerization of dopamine. Here, the authors report a straightforward and efficient photochemical strategy for the in-situ fabrication of high-performance polydopamine-containing hydrogels with instant wet adhesion.

Iron–sulfur minerals play critical roles in regulating nitrogen cycling under anoxic conditions. This study shows that pyrrhotite with abundant iron vacancies promotes electron transfer and microbial nitrate reduction to dinitrogen.

Archaeal membrane lipids have distinct structures but lack comprehensive databases for high-throughput identification. Here, authors present ArchLips, a database containing over 219,348 in silico structures and mass spectra, enabling automated, accurate annotation of archaeal lipids.

Alphaherpesvirus infections pose a health challenge due to the lack of effective broad-spectrum antiviral strategies. Here, the authors identify a broadly neutralizing antibody, 16F9, which targets glycoprotein B, offering cross-protection against multiple viruses and demonstrating robust efficacy in mouse models, paving the way for antiviral interventions.

Xia et al. introduce GerNA-Bind, a geometric deep learning framework designed to predict RNA–ligand binding specificity by integrating multistate RNA–ligand interactions.

Wang et al. propose a 3D meta-holographic zoom micro-projector, integrating a high-resolution metasurface with a tailored liquid lens, resulting in a 3D zoom micro-projector of only 0.18 cm³, small enough to fit on a fingertip.

Achieving long-term stability in halide perovskite solar cells remains challenging due to their susceptibility to environmental degradation. Here, the authors fabricate antimony and sulfur-alloyed perovskite films via a sequential ambient-air process, achieving maximum device efficiency of 25.07%.