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Yu et al. report a self-assembled heterogeneous microstructure consisting of chiral-deficit grains and chiral-rich grain boundaries in chiral perovskite with the former as in-plane spin valves for spin selection. Retinomorphic sensor arrays based on the chiral perovskite film enable binocular artificial visual systems.

Topological states are commonly localised at the interface between topologically distinct domains. By combining various artificial gauge fields with artificial neural networks to design the system energy landscape, here, authors propose a technique to transform topological modes into states with arbitrary shape.

Traditional recycling of polyoxymethylene plastic often leads to significant material loss and toxic emissions. Here, the authors introduce an acidic electrochemical process that efficiently converts plastic waste into valuable chemicals with conversion efficiency approaching 90%.

High-performance battery materials often degrade during standard cleaning processes. Here, the authors identify why water washing causes structural collapse in sodium-based oxides and demonstrate that ethylene glycol can safely remove impurities while maintaining the material’s integrity.

Multi-trait genetic analysis in East Asians identifies a novel gastric cancer risk locus shared with cardiovascular traits and shows that this variant modulates regulation of nearby genes, including VEZT, with functional effects on gastric cancer cell behaviour.

While previous studies of Kondo physics have largely focused on electronic properties, the authors here investigate magnon damping in the d-electron van der Waals magnet Fe₃GeTe₂. They observe logarithmic scaling of the damping at low temperatures and a minimum at an intermediate temperature, which they attribute to Kondo coupling between itinerant electrons and local moments.

This study presents azo-Q2a, a quinidine-derived photo-switchable molecule that enables optical control of Na_V1.5. It exhibits selectivity, and its binding mode is revealed by cryo-EM, offering a potential strategy for managing heart arrhythmia.

This work effectively addresses the long-standing challenge of competitive kinetics in heterogeneous Fenton-like systems through the synergistic interaction between nitrogen vacancies (Nv) and Fe sites on carbon nitride.

An oxidative activation strategy using pyridyl phosphonium salts and potassium persulfate is reported. This approach, which governs the reaction pathway, enables the synthesis of C4-fluorinated and C4-trifluoromethylaminated pyridines with a broad functional group tolerance and is used for the late-stage synthesis and modification of bioactive molecules.

Li and colleagues show that the transcription factor ZFP148 restrains the differentiation of antigen-specific CD8⁺ T cells toward cytolytic effector cells by repressing the expression of KLF2.

Five nuclear spins in silicon and the [[4, 2, 2]] code are used to demonstrate a universal logical gate set and to execute a variational quantum eigensolver computation of the ground-state energy of a water molecule.

How site-specific tumor microenvironment (TME) drives the metastasis of high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) remains unclear. Here, the authors employ an integrated single cell multi-omics approach to map the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of HGSOC metastasis TME and identify an interaction network within the TME driven by SELENOP⁺ macrophages and pre-exhausted CD8⁺ T cells.

Metastatic cancer cells rely on metabolic flexibility to survive. Here, the authors show that metastatic breast cancer cells use lactate for mitochondrial oxidation via the CD147/MCT1/LDHB complex to sustain stemness and promote metastasis.

By forming an electron reservoir in the centre of a gallium nitride nanowire p–n diode, a single two-terminal device can be created that offers sensing, memory and synaptic functionalities, and arrays of such devices can be used to denoise and identify optical images.

The formation of alkoxyl boronate complexes in cross-coupling reactions typically undergo classical transmetallation followed by reductive elimination to form C–C and C–X bonds. Here, the authors report an iridium-catalyzed asymmetric alkylation that enables the stereoselective construction of cis-cyclobutanes, employing the high ring strain of bicyclo[1.1.0]butane-derived boronate complexes to induce 1,2-alkoxy migration.

Photoinduced ligand-to-metal charge transfer is used to enable abiotic cross-couplings in metalloenzymes. Engineering a 2-histidine metal site and substituting iron with nickel activates PsEFE for nickel-catalysed C(sp²)–S coupling reactions between thiols and aryl bromides. Directed evolution yielded metalloenzyme variants that can produce a range of thioethers with high efficiency.

In vivo base editing of a causative mutation that leads to the neurodevelopmental disorder Snijders Blok–Campeau syndrome restores protein dosage and ameliorates molecular and behavioural deficits in a humanized mouse model of the condition.

Mobile communication underpins society, evolving from calls to AI and increasing network demands. To cut energy use and environmental impact, this work reviews standardized energy metrics and data-driven solutions for greener mobile networks.

Cell free DNA is produced through a non-random process. Here, the authors use orientation-aware fragmentation analysis to identify DNA methylation as a regulator of nuclease function.

Yang et al. compare neoadjuvant triple therapy versus direct hepatectomy in patients with resectable intermediate or advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. The findings indicate that the neoadjuvant regimen improves overall and event-free survival but is associated with a higher risk of serious adverse events and postoperative complications.

Turning biogas into high-quality methane is limited by inefficient catalysts and complex processing. This study shows that a CeZrO_x/Ni inverse catalyst enables near-complete conversion in a simpler single stage, lowering costs and boosting viability.

Functional group interconversion, a pivotal synthetic technique for precise editing of molecular building blocks, is rare when facilitated by energy transfer catalysis. Herein, the authors report two instances of photochemical rearrangement of isonitriles, facilitated by energy transfer catalysis under visible light.

N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor (NSF) mediated disassembly of trans-SNARE complexes is identified as the mechanism regulating fusion pore closure. This activity is critical for Ca²⁺dependent exo-endocytosis coupling and vesicle pool maintenance.

Humanity’s Last Exam, a multi-modal benchmark at the frontier of human knowledge, is designed to be an expert-level closed-ended academic benchmark with broad subject coverage.

Aromatic nitration faces a trade-off effect between conversion and selectivity. Here, the authors develop a two-stage countercurrent microflow strategy that regulates reaction kinetics and thermodynamics, simultaneously achieving high conversion and selectivity across multiple aromatic substrates.

The authors demonstrate that the response of the flexural vibrations of twisted bilayer graphene can be hysteretic depending on the angle between the lattices of the layers, finding that the quality factors of the vibrations are enhanced compared to untwisted bilayers.

This study highlights the Wheat Spatial Omics Consortium, which aims to build a spatiotemporal single-cell atlas of wheat in response to different treatments, thereby contributing to the development of sustainable and climate-resilient wheat.

A new artificial intelligence model, DeepSeek-R1, is introduced, demonstrating that the reasoning abilities of large language models can be incentivized through pure reinforcement learning, removing the need for human-annotated demonstrations.

Quantum low-density parity-check error correction codes are anticipated to deliver high performance, but require long-range qubit–qubit interactions. Two of these error correction codes have now been successfully implemented on a superconducting device.

Repurposing existing drugs to target new disease-associated genes is a promising strategy, but identifying these targets can be challenging. Here, the authors develop GenT, an approach that uses GWAS data to identify disease-associated druggable genes.

Lampreys are jawless vertebrates that can offer unique insights into vertebrate evolution. Here they generate a comprehensive cell atlas of the lamprey, uncovering 70 distinct cell types across 14 tissues, and identify pancreas-like cells in the lamprey small intestine.

Strong paramagnetism is generated in hydrogels rich in carbon–oxygen double bonds simply by coupling with diamagnetic Ca cations. These paramagnetic hydrogels are applied as magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents and magnetic drug carriers.

To overcome various challenges in forensic pathology, the authors present SongCi, a visual-language AI trained on multi-modal autopsy cases of various cohorts. SongCi detects diverse post-mortem diseases and injuries and gives clear image-text explanations for forensic analysis, rivaling senior pathologists.

The efficiency of selenium photovoltaics is hindered by the poor crystallization of the Se film. Wen, Li, Lu and colleagues use light to initiate Se crystallization, suppressing dewetting and enabling the formation of a continuous film, which achieves a certified efficiency of 10.3%.

Wang et al. propose a 3D meta-holographic zoom micro-projector, integrating a high-resolution metasurface with a tailored liquid lens, resulting in a 3D zoom micro-projector of only 0.18 cm³, small enough to fit on a fingertip.