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An extreme barocaloric effect in NH₄SCN aqueous solutions is enabled by pressure-induced dissolution and precipitation, but without using a separate heat-transfer liquid.

Solid oxide cells are limited by slow oxygen exchange reaction kinetics at the oxygen electrode. Operando X-ray absorption and electrochemical analysis show that surface modification with a praseodymium oxide layer induces interfacial charge transfer and accelerates the surface kinetics.

It is unclear how early-life urbanicity influences adult neurobehavioral traits. This study reveals that earlier menarche mediates the relationship between early-life urbanicity and adult neurobehavioral traits associated with mental disorders.

A cross-ancestry GWAS meta-analyses of brainstem structures identify 713 associations. It reveals shared/distinct genetic architectures across ancestries/substructures and overlaps with neuropsychiatric disorders and physiological functions.

A modular nanobody-based approach assembles combination vaccines by stably attaching diverse antigens to hepatitis E virus-like particles, preserving native immunogenicity and inducing broad protection against respiratory pathogens.

Circadian rhythms influence key physiological functions. Here, the authors defined rhythmic quantitative trait loci that reveal novel genotype-specific rhythmic genes, explaining individual variations in rhythmic gene expression and disease risk.

FcγRIIb captures its ligand and targets it to lysosomal degradation following endocytosis. Here authors design bispecific-antibody-like molecules they call FcγRIIb-targeting chimeras or FcRTACs, to capture antigens with one arm and degrade them via an FcγRIIb-binding second arm to promote the clearance of pathological protein aggregates.

A reinforcement learning-based virtual reality system, implementing a series of sport sessions with coaching, was as effective as standard physical activity in reducing fat mass in adolescents, with positive effects on cognition.

Twisted two-dimensional materials are materials with fascinating properties. Here, the authors report on the incorporation of a crystallographically incompatible rotation element into two dimensional polymers to construct twist-stacked covalent organic framework nanofibers with interesting chiroptical properties.

The design of dynamic covalent bonds is crucial to self-healing polymer materials, but the reaction normally occurs in the presence of heat or/and catalysts. Ying et al.report a catalyst-free design of dynamic urea bonds that are capable of autonomous repairing at low temperature.

Aggregates of misfolded proteins are sequestered in the aggresome via dynein transport in an aggregate size-dependent manner. Here, authors find episodic transport kinetics mediated by aggresome-dynein adapters are central to this size-filter effect.

Trained and validated on multimodal data from 14.5 million images from multicountry datasets, a foundation model is shown to increase diagnostic and referral accuracy of clinicians when used as an assistant in a trial involving 16 ophthalmologists and 668 patients.

A new artificial intelligence model, DeepSeek-R1, is introduced, demonstrating that the reasoning abilities of large language models can be incentivized through pure reinforcement learning, removing the need for human-annotated demonstrations.

In the phase 2 trial NEOSUMMIT-01, perioperative treatment of patients with locally advanced gastric or gastro-esophageal junction adenocarcinoma with anti-PD-1 and SOX/XELOX versus SOX/XELOX alone improved pathological complete response or near-complete response rate.

Sensorineureal hearing loss is a form of deafness when sensory cells cannot sense vibrations. Here the authors design a piezo-ionotropic polymer for multi-resonance acoustic sensing, driven by ion hitching-in cage effect.

Biomimetic hydrogel materials show outstanding mechanical properties but water as solvent or carrier limits the possibility to apply these materials under extreme conditions. Here the authors report a peptide-enhanced eutectogel with excellent mechanical, anti-freezing and anti-drying properties and its application as sensor for monitoring human motion.

Single-cell proteomics is of fundamental importance to capture biological heterogeneity, while limited in proteome depth. Here, the authors develop a pick-up single-cell proteomic analysis (PiSPA) workflow to achieve a deep coverage of quantifying up to 3000 protein groups in a mammalian cell.

Supercapacitors that exhibit flexibility and deformability are attractive for wearable devices; however achieving high energy density remains challenging. Here the authors report a non-woven fabric based on black phosphorus and carbon nanotubes for use in a supercapacitor with notable performance.

The crystallization mechanism at reduced dimensions remains poorly understood. Here, the authors use AFM and MD simulations to elucidate the nucleus-free crystallization of two-dimensional ice at atomic resolution.

Worldwide, the number of only-child families is increasing. This research examines how growing up without siblings affects adult brain structure, function and connectivity, cognition, personality and mental health.

SN16X is upregulated in mouse hypertrophic hearts and accelerates AngII-induced cardiac hypertrophy via enhancing EGFR recycling and transactivation.

Epstein–Barr virus - host chromatin interactions in nasopharyngeal carcinoma remain poorly understood. Here, the authors characterise the virus‒host chromatin interactions leading to genome reorganisation and identify a KDM5B-relevant signature associated with distant metastasis.

Socioeconomic status is multidimensional and can change over time. Xu, Lui, Ji et al. found dimension-specific, late-stage-specific and change-specific socioeconomic effects on brain, cognition, personality and emotion.

Synaptic loss contributes to cognitive decline in Alzheimer’s disease, but its spatial distribution remains poorly understood. Here, the authors show that synaptic loss is partially shaped by network connectivity and modulated by phosphorylated tau.

In a randomized phase 2 trial comparing anti-PD-1 plus anti-VEGF plus an HDAC inhibitor versus anti-PD-1 plus an HDAC inhibitor in patients with MSS/pMMR colorectal cancer, the triplet combination led to significantly better 18-week progression-free survival.

Yao and Gong et al. identify WD40 repeat-containing protein 6 (WDR6) to be upregulated in the liver of insulin-resistant mice. WDR6 contributes to promoting hepatic de novo lipogenesis during insulin resistance by upregulation of fatty acid synthase, and the authors identify a small molecule to inhibit this effect of WDR6 and reduce hepatic steatosis.

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have improved our understanding of the genetic basis of lung adenocarcinoma but known susceptibility variants explain only a small fraction of the familial risk. Here, the authors perform a two-stage GWAS and report 12 novel genetic loci associated with lung adenocarcinoma in East Asians.

mTORC1 adapts cellular metabolism in response to nutrient signals. Here, the authors identify VWCE as a negative regulator of amino acid-dependent mTORC1 signaling and a potential as a therapeutic target in prostate cancer treatments.

The immaturity of iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes limits their use in drug testing. This study provides a systematic evaluation of how culture medium, calcium, nanopatterning and electrostimulation distinctly affect their structural, metabolic, and electrophysiological maturation.

Various traditional Chinese herbs and complex formulas have been suggested to exhibit lifespan extension properties. Here, the authors isolated the flavonoid corylin from Psoralea corylifolia and demonstrated its longevity properties in yeast, human cells and mouse.

The increase in detoxification gene expression is a common transcriptome marker for longevity interventions. Here, the authors show that nomilin extends lifespan and healthspan in animals through activation of PXR regulated detoxification functions.

Analysis of tumor samples from patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma shows that gemcitabine plus cisplatin chemotherapy activates a unique population of innate-like B cells, which enhance the cytotoxic CD8⁺ T cell response and are associated with better clinical outcomes.

Rice stripe virus deploys its SP protein to dismantle SERRATE condensates in rice cells, blocking microRNA production and enhancing viral spread. This discovery reveals how viruses can hijack host phase separation to modulate gene regulation.

Lan et al. demonstrate the high performance of plasma p-tau217 in detecting and tracking multiple aspects of Alzheimer’s disease pathology, outperforming other plasma tau biomarkers across two Chinese cohorts (GHABS and Huashan) and the North American ADNI cohort.

Low-frequency quasiperiodic oscillations in X-ray data are thought to trace the accretion flow in X-ray binaries. Here, the detection of 200 keV oscillations probes the innermost regions of MAXI J1820+070, revealing the precession of a small-scale jet.