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Emu3 enables large-scale text, image and video learning based solely on next-token prediction, matching the generation and perception performance of task-specific methods, with implications for the development of scalable and unified multimodal intelligence systems.

Humanity’s Last Exam, a multi-modal benchmark at the frontier of human knowledge, is designed to be an expert-level closed-ended academic benchmark with broad subject coverage.

The authors find that O-GalNAc transferase 2 (GALNT2) restricts viral infection, probably through the regulation of the proteolytic processing of viral glycoproteins via its O-linked glycosylation activity, impairing virus–cell fusion.

Ru_0.6Cu₁(Cu⁰–Cu¹⁺)/CeO₂ catalyst converts CO₂-to-fuels via artificial photosynthesis, overcoming O₂ poisoning and sluggish C₂ yield through photothermal interface reconstruction. It achieves 74.3% selectivity for C₂H₄ with 0.5% solar efficiency.

Metabolic syndrome (MS) is associated with enhanced risk to develop endometrial cancer (EC). Here, the authors show that oleic acid, increased in MS, promotes endometrial cancer by supporting the stability of the rate-limiting enzyme in polyamine metabolism ODC1 and polyamine accumulation.

Liu et al. report Chinese normative lifespan brain charts showing later neurodevelopmental milestones than those detected in Western cohorts. Individual deviations from these norms are valuable in assessing clinical risk and outcomes.

Macrophage-to-myofibroblast transition (MMT) contributes to CaOx-induced fibrosis in nephrocalcinosis. EZH2 is the critical regulator that promotes kidney fibrosis by meditating MMT via the DUSP23/SMAD3 pathway.

Sodium-ion batteries are promising low-cost alternatives to lithium-ion systems yet limited by underperforming anodes. This Review highlights advances and challenges in hard carbon and alloy-based anodes, outlining design strategies to boost capacity, stability and commercial viability of next-generation high-energy sodium-ion batteries.

This work presents an ultracompact silicon modulator with a 110-GHz bandwidth within 10 µm² footprint, enabling 130 Gbps data transmission. This breakthrough overcomes the bandwidth-footprint limitation for next-generation optical interconnects.

Diabetes impairs bone healing through high blood sugar, inflammation, and disrupted bone remodelling. Here, Fu et al. develops a multifunctional hydrogel (AAT-ZCG) that responds to diabetic conditions to lower glucose, scavenge ROS, reduce inflammation, and promote bone repair.

Yersinia pseudotuberculosis senses fungal tyrosol signalling through EnvZ–OmpR which triggers T6SS activation and antifungal effector release to reduce fungal competitors in the mouse gut.

To turn on and obtain emission from lanthanide-doped insulating nanoparticles, an electrical excitation pathway coupling them to organic optical molecules to form nanohybrids is described, enabling tunable electroluminescence properties of LEDs fabricated from such materials.

To overcome the transverse wrinkles and voids between MXene nanosheets, the authors fabricated MXene fibers via a combination of static filling and dynamic thermal drawing, achieving optimized mechanical and electrical performance.

Ovarian endometriomas, with distinct microenvironment and heightened hormonal sensitivity, are recognized as precursors of ovarian carcinomas. This study decodes ovarian endometriomas by integrating single-cell and spatial transcriptomics with spatial metabolomics to reveal key markers and altered pathways, offering new avenues for diagnosis and therapy.

Influenza virus ribonucleoprotein complexes (RNPs) are essential for replication and transcription. Here, authors solve the cryo-EM structure of influenza mini-vRNP to reveal detailed FluPol–NP–RNA coupling and suggest a conformational shift in RNPs during the viral life cycle.

Developing photocatalysts from earth-abundant materials is crucial for sustainable solar hydrogen production, yet challenges in efficiency and stability persist. Here, the authors report that the topological semimetal cobalt triarsenide functions as an active and durable platform for this reaction.

Ferroptosis has been reported to contribute to the pathogenesis of acute kidney injury (AKI). Here the authors report a study with male mice showing that the long non-coding RNA RSDR suppresses renal tubular cell ferroptosis in AKI by retaining nuclear hnRNPK and activating DHODH transcription

Dynamic changes of histone modification and how it affects gene transcription during wheat endosperm development remain largely unknow. Here, the author fulfill this knowledge gap and reveal the role of ethylene response factor ERF5 in the regulatory network during grain filling, and starch and protein accumulation.

Conventional entrapped ¹²⁹Xe with low signal intensity limits in vivo applications. Here, the authors developed a MOF-based reporter that enhances signal intensity, achieves femtomolar detection, and enables chemical shift-encoded MRI in rat lungs.

The pretraining efficiency and generalization of medical foundation models can be enhanced by using synthetic data generated via conditioning with disease labels.

Osteoporosis was revealed to pyroptosis-related inflammation. Here, the authors show multifunctional microsphere can retard osteoporosis by restoring bone homeostasis thorough pyroptosis blockade and hydrogen-mediated modulation of inflammation.

The occupied anti-bonding states at the Fermi level in metavalently bonded systems stems from the interplay between metavalent bonds and the phase of orbitals. This provides a recipe for identifying superior dopants to improve the thermoelectric performance of metavalently bonded materials.

The mechanism through which auxin regulates chilling tolerance remains unclear. Here, the authors discover a negative regulator of chilling tolerance in japonica rice, which encodes an ABCB transporter with auxin efflux function, and show its potential to increase indica rice chilling tolerance.

The authors propose a method for high-capacity information encoding and long-distance image transmission by utilising Hermite-Gaussian eigenmodes in defective states. The enables the generation over 10ⁿ varying laser states for encoding, or an information capacity of tens of bits.

Radiotherapy is an important part of glioblastoma (GBM) treatment, but patient outcomes are often limited by resistance. Here, the authors identify a role for IFI16 in the promotion of a cellular senescence-like phenotype, inhibiting ferroptosis and driving radioresistance which can be overcome with Glyburide in preclinical GBM models.

Two impact-melt fragments in Chang’e-6 lunar soils reveal that the Apollo basin was formed at ~4.16 Ga, implying a non-cataclysmic late heavy bombardment on the Moon between 3.8 and 4.0 Ga.

Off-target effects have limited RNA degradation approaches. Here, the authors develop a tumor microenvironment-activated ribonuclease targeting chimera (RiboTAC) demonstrating H₂O₂ and acid activated degradation of pre-miR-21, which was effective in restoring radiosensitivity in lung cancer.

Monitoring the diversity of viruses infecting animals is important for assessing zoonotic risk. Here, the authors use metatranscriptomics to characterise the viromes of small mammals, pangolins, and zoo animals in China to identify potentially zoonotic viruses.

Currently, intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury lacks ideal diagnostic markers and effective therapeutic targets. Here, the authors show exosomal circEZH2_005 is an intestinal injury biomarker and protects the intestine from ischemia/reperfusion injury by promoting crypt cell proliferation via affecting hnRNPA1- mediated Gprc5a stability.

Regenerative heart valve prostheses rely on interactive materials that can adapt to the remodeling process, but these materials are often based on complex designs. Using 1,1’-thiocarbonyldiimidazole chemistry, the authors propose a double network hydrogel formulation for heart valve regeneration.

BPAN is a rare neurodegenerative disease caused by WDR45 mutations. Here, the authors discover that WDR45 can competitively displace G3BP1 from Caprin-1 to promote stress granule disassembly, a function that is disrupted by BPAN-associated WDR45 mutations.

A thin elastic conductive nanocomposite that is formed by cryogenically transferring laser-induced graphene to a hydrogel film can be used to create multifunctional sensors for on-skin monitoring and cardiac patches for in vivo detection.

Perovskite LEDs with exceptional performance at high brightness are demonstrated achieving an operational half-lifetime of 32 hours, an important step towards commercialization opening up new opportunities beyond conventional LED technologies, such as perovskite electrically pumped lasers.

Adding nanobodies into DNA computing has proven difficult due to there always on state. Here, the authors propose a spatial segregation-based molecular computing strategy to program nanobodies into DNA molecular computation and elucidate the kinetic mechanism of microenvironment-confined DNA molecular computation.

Here, by analyzing 306481 microbial genomes from human-associated microbiomes, the authors reveal a largely unexplored biosynthetic landscape of ribosomal peptides (RiPPs), identifying protective peptides that obstruct pathogen biofilms and regulate gut microbiota in disease models, underscoring their significant therapeutic potential.

Combined analysis of Chang’e-3 in situ measurements and Chang’e-5 laboratory samples, with an updated chronology from Chang’e-5 data, reconstructed the relation between age and composition of young lunar mare basalts. Results indicate persistent volcanism 2 Gyr ago, indicative of the presence of a heat source at the time.

Using a large multisite dataset of people with major depressive disorder and healthy controls, the authors show global brain connectivity alterations in the sensorimotor, visual, and default mode networks.

Utilizing the immense osmotic energy in membrane separation processes enables spontaneous lithium extraction while generating net energy, offering a promising method for carbon-negative resource recovery.

N-type polycrystalline SnSe shows inferior ZT to p-type polycrystalline due to its high thermal conductivity and lower power factor. The authors overcome the problem via the synergy of divacancy defect and introducing resonance level into the conduction band.

This study reports the genomics- and metabolomics-guided discovery of aminovinyl-(methyl-)cysteine-containing peptides (ACyP). One of these peptides, massatide A, demonstrates excellent activity against drug-resistant gram-positive pathogens.