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This study looks at the diurnal temperature fluctuations in Kolkata through a model that tests the influence of rooftop photovoltaic solar panels on urban surface energy budgets, near-surface meteorological fields, urban boundary layer dynamics and sea breeze circulations. It found that panels heat cities during the day (up to 1.5 °C) but cool them at night (up to 0.6 °C).

A new, nearly complete fossil skull of Vegavis from the James Ross Basin, Antarctic Peninsula, provides insight into its feeding ecology and exhibits morphologies that support placement among waterfowl within crown-group birds.

Lee et al. report an engineered IgG1 Fc domain that behaves like an hFcRn binding pH toggle switch. The authors show that this new half-life extension Fc domain confers improved pharmacokinetics in new humanized knock-in mouse strains that recapitulate the key processes for antibody persistence in circulation.

Ocampo et al. present several structures and the biochemical characterization of a compact Cas9 nuclease, shedding light on how these enzymes function and evolve.

Electric vehicles are increasingly adopted in the USA, with concurrent expansion of charging infrastructure and electricity demand. This Review details these trends and discusses their drivers and broader implications.

Together with a companion paper, the generation of a transcriptomic atlas for the mouse lemur and analyses of example cell types establish this animal as a molecularly tractable primate model organism.

When people recall a movie, their eye movements and brain activity resemble those observed during the viewing. These behavioral and neural reactivations are linked through a common process, likely reflecting the specific internal experiences that emerge in an instance of recall.

Much investment goes into improving police-community interactions, yet trust in police remains low. Here, the authors show that community members report feeling less threat and more trust when officers use transparency statements to start interactions.

An amphiphilic mimotope vaccine can be used in tandem with Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved CD19 CAR-T cell products.

Managing power exhaust in fusion reactors is a key challenge, especially in compact designs for cost-effective commercial energy. This study shows how alternative divertor configurations improve exhaust control, enhance stability, absorb transients and enable independent plasma regulation.

In this Consensus Statement, a consortium of microbiome scientists discuss current sequencing data sharing policies and propose the use of a Data Reuse Information (DRI) tag to promote equitable and collaborative data sharing.

C–H activation in long-chain organic molecules remains largely unexplored. Here, the authors report light-driven C–H activation mediated by 2D TMDCs and the resultant synthesis of luminescent carbon dots.

The concept of using hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks triggered by non-invasive focused ultrasound for programmable drug activation is explored and demonstrated practically with the designer drug clozapine N-oxide for deep brain stimulation in mice and rats.

New findings reveal how terrain influenced Mars’s early surface evolution, allowing regions of stable chemical weathering to develop and permanently trap water and minerals, weakening Mars’s climate feedback and limiting long-term hydrological activity.

An analysis of seismic data acquired by the InSight mission demonstrates that Mars has a 600-km solid inner core.

Viruses often evolve molecular mimicry with host proteins for immune evasion. Here the authors assess short linear mimicry of 134 viruses to find abundance of such mimicry in herpes and pox viruses, while overlaps between Epstein-Barr virus antigens and auto-antibodies from patients with multiple sclerosis hints at a crosstalk between viral infection and autoimmunity.

Achieving mitigation from forests aligned with #NDCs requires $20–72 billion annually by 2030. Global coordination could double mitigation with the same level of finance, revealing major efficiency gains and informing next generation climate targets.

Observed 730 Myr after the Big Bang, a little red dot is found to anchor an overdensity of eight galaxies and seems to be embedded in a massive host dark matter halo.

A combination of mouse model data and data from a randomized phase 2 trial in patients with breast cancer in remission demonstrates feasibility, safety and a reduction in residual tumor cells following treatment with hydroxychloroquine and/or everolimus.

Tropical cyclones produce exceptionally negative rainwater isotopic values that can serve as a proxy to reconstruct past large tropical cyclones, suggests high-resolution rainwater sampling during Hurricane Harvey in 2017

The main multidecadal variations in the PDO index during the twentieth century, including the ongoing, decades-long negative trend, were largely driven by human emissions of aerosols and greenhouse gases rather than internal processes.

A hybrid epoxy–acrylate resin is reported for the digital light processing 3D printing of bioinspired metamaterial structures with precisely patterned hard and soft domains.

Excitonic quantum oscillations are observed in correlated electron–hole bilayers and quantum phase transitions are identified between excitonic insulator and bilayer quantum Hall states under strong magnetic fields.

A randomized controlled trial found no difference in paranoid ideations between virtual reality-based and gold-standard cognitive behavioral therapy for patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders, in contrast to previous trials using wait-list or passive controls.

Unprecedented groundwater recovery ( ~ 0.7 m/yr) driven by water diversions, strict pumping regulations, and a wet climate occurred in the North China Plain after decades of depletion, showing large-scale recovery is possible under human intervention.

The CPLANE complex is essential for ciliogenesis, and mutations to all but one subunit have been associated with ciliopathies. Here they identify three familial mutations in the final subunit, RSG1, that cause ciliopathy and add to our understanding of ciliary transition zone assembly.

Cooperative paramagnetism refers to a strongly correlated state without long range magnetic order that occurs in frustrated magnetic systems between the Neel temperature and Curie-Weiss temperature. Here, using resonant elastic magnetic and inelastic x-ray scattering, Terilli et al find a spectrally sharp gapped magnetic excitations that persists above the Neel temperature in Y₂Ir₂O₇, implying a cooperative paramagnetic phase.

Retrospective analyses of single-institution experiences are difficult to generalize to the population as a whole. The emerging trend of utilizing national datasets and disease registries provides information relatable to the average patient that may prove considerably more useful to community urologists.

Moiré patterns and flat bands usually occur in multilayer materials with a small interlayer twist angle, but this can cause detrimental lattice reconstruction. Now, flat bands are shown in a bilayer with large twist angle and structural rigidity.

A new paleosol-based CO₂ record from the Chinese Loess Plateau reveals a stepwise decline in glacial CO₂ over the past 2.6 million years and suggests that climate sensitivity remained stable across glacial–interglacial cycles.

Quantum oscillations are reported in Coulomb-coupled electron–hole double layers that originate from recurring transitions between competing excitonic insulator and layer-decoupled quantum Hall states.

Here, Schwartz, Bravo, and Ahsan et al. show how multi-subunit fusion proteins are arranged around a crRNA in a type III CRISPR-Cas effector to cleave target RNA. Structures and molecular dynamics of this complex show three distinct active sites that can be used for programmable RNA cleavage.

Siles Alvarado and Schuler et al. examine the long-term dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in individuals with varying COVID-19 severities over 12 months. While anti-N antibodies decline, anti-RBD antibodies persist, offering insights into the evolving immunity post-COVID.

Deep-learning models for the automated measurement of retinal-vessel calibre in retinal photographs perform comparably to or better than expert graders in associations of measurements of retinal-vessel calibre with cardiovascular risk factors.

Femtosecond laser microdissection enables transcriptomic analyses of single neurons based on their phenotype.

A deep convolutional neural network model predicts the influence of the full-length mRNA sequence on translation efficiency.

Dioxythiophene-based polymers effectively convert electric potential into optical readouts. Here, the authors used such polymers to optically record bioelectric signals with microvolt sensitivity and sub-millisecond temporal resolution, highlighting their potential in optical bioelectronics.

Assembly of functional ribosomal subunits is aided by dedicated assembly factors. Here, the authors show that the Reh1 is positioned in the polypeptide exit tunnel of 80S ribosomes, suggesting that the growing polypeptide chain displaces Reh1 during first round of translation.

Type I-C Cascade (the CRISPR-associated complex for antiviral defense) is a minimal system, comprising only three unique Cas proteins. Cryo-EM structure of the Desulfovibrio vulgaris type I-C Cascade reveals the molecular mechanisms that underlie RNA-directed complex assembly.