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Model thiophene-decorated nickel porphyrins are synthesized to examine how sulfur promotes CO₂-to-CO conversion and tandem CO₂-to-C₂ product conversion in electrocatalytic CO₂ reduction. Combined theoretical and experimental analyses show that thiophene substituents generate a ligand hole character that modulates the nickel-centred electronic structure, enhancing overall catalytic performance.

Here the authors reveal a study of 486,956 Han Chinese individuals showing that most people with genetic variants affecting drug response do not have the predicted adverse events, highlighting the challenges of implementing pharmacogenetics in clinical practice.

Radiative cooling is an emerging technology for cooling with reduced energy consumption. Here the authors present photoluminescent composites that combine subambient cooling with aesthetic colour, hydrophobicity and durability.

Polygenic scores for body mass index and obesity constructed using data from 5 million people with different ancestries were associated with distinct weight gain trajectories from early childhood to adulthood.

Metal–support interfaces play a crucial role in dictating the catalytic behavior of heterogeneous systems. Here, the authors reveal a unique looping metal–support interaction in NiFe–Fe₃O₄ catalysts, where spatially separated yet coupled redox cycles boost hydrogen oxidation, providing new insights for the design of efficient heterogeneous catalysts.

In a phase 1 trial, the co-infusion of CD19-targeting and BCMA-targeting CAR-T cells in adults with treatment-refractory lupus was safe and had promising efficacy, with most patients achieving remission after 3 months.

Here the authors perform a trans expression quantitative trait locus meta-analysis study of over 3,700 people and link a USP18 variant to expression of 50 inflammation genes and lupus risk, highlighting how genetic regulation of immune responses drives autoimmune disease and informs new therapies.

Polymeric semiconductors suffer from high exciton binding energy. Here, the authors report a crystal structure engineering strategy for producing poly(triazine imide) with the capability of spontaneous exciton dissociation into free charges, enabling efficient photocatalytic overall water splitting.

Communication between room-temperature and cryogenic environments is a bottleneck to the scaling of cryogenic devices. Here, the authors introduce a technique for in situ writing and erasing of circuits at low temperatures, enabling reversible construction of patterns without a photoresist.

Trained and validated on multimodal data from 14.5 million images from multicountry datasets, a foundation model is shown to increase diagnostic and referral accuracy of clinicians when used as an assistant in a trial involving 16 ophthalmologists and 668 patients.

An electron ptychography and energy-loss spectroscopy study of La₂PrNi₂O₇, a material that exhibits high-temperature superconductivity, is conducted.

Sequencing the genome and microbiome of about 1,500 tick samples from regions across China revealed host–microbe associations in ticks that could have implications for controlling ticks and tick-borne diseases.

A new artificial intelligence model, DeepSeek-R1, is introduced, demonstrating that the reasoning abilities of large language models can be incentivized through pure reinforcement learning, removing the need for human-annotated demonstrations.

This study introduces the Cattle Cell Atlas, a single-cell expression resource including 1,793,854 cells from 59 tissues. Integrative analyses leveraging this atlas provide insights into the biology underlying bovine monogenic and complex traits.

‘Catalytic alkene hydrofunctionalizations typically create a single stereocentre or vicinal stereocentres through a 1,2-addition mechanism. Now it has been shown that 1,3-hydrofunctionalization of unactivated trisubstituted alkenes can be achieved through a directing relay strategy. This process generates enantiopure amide products containing α and γ non-adjacent stereocentres with high diastereoselectivity and enantioselectivity.

Using data from a single time point, passenger-approximated clonal expansion rate (PACER) estimates the fitness of common driver mutations that lead to clonal haematopoiesis and identifies TCL1A activation as a mediator of clonal expansion.

Vascular calcification, a key risk factor of cardiovascular diseases, involves smooth muscle cells shifting to osteogenic phenotype. Here, the authors show that NEXN inhibits this process and protects against calcification by stabilizing SERCA2.

Excitation-dependent multicolour emission is desirable, but hard to obtain. Here, the authors report the development of a molecular symmetry breaking strategy to all excitation-dependent multicolour emissions from one chemical entity.

A combination of large-scale phylogenomic analysis, mouse lethality experiments and bacterial growth assays shows that gene loss in the putrescine utilization pathway has enhanced biofilm formation and transmission-related characteristics in the pandemic clone of a bacterial pathogen, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, promoting successive waves of global transmission events.

Understanding brain function requires integrating neuronal structure, activity, and genes. Here, authors developed an optogenetic tool they name Pisces, to enable complete labeling of individual neurons’ morphology with functional and molecular profiling, allowing multimodal single-cell analysis in vivo in zebrafish.

A coherent 909-Hz quasi-periodic oscillation was potentially detected in GRB 230307A, the second brightest gamma-ray burst to date, indicating that a millisecond magnetar formed after the merger powered the burst.

Chronic care manages long-term, progressive conditions, while acute care handles short-term ones. Here, authors show chronic conditions account for most of the global health burden, with 68% of DALYs and 93% of YLDs attributed to chronic care needs.

A resource of human RNA-protein associations is produced using a sequencing-based method.

Single-cell transcriptomic profiling of immune cells in the blood and liver of a human decedent receiving a pig liver xenograft reveals impaired adaptive immunity and monocyte features that may induce T cell exhaustion and contribute to platelet activation.

The quark structure of the f₀(980) hadron is still unknown after 50 years of its discovery. Here, the CMS Collaboration reports a measurement of the elliptic flow of the f₀(980) state in proton-lead collisions at a nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass energy of 8.16 TeV, providing strong evidence that the state is an ordinary meson.

The diagnosis and prognosis of chronic kidney disease (CKD) relies on invasive renal biopsies, which can be clinically constrained. Here, the authors develop a non-invasive model using retinal images that can be used to screen for CKD and identify five common pathological types of CKD.

Frequencies for motor kinematics are encoded by the cerebellum through population tuning of firing probabilities, which leads to cerebellar oscillations and corresponding motions.

A gene-edited pig liver transplanted into a human recipient remains functional after 10 days and indicates that porcine organs could help meet the growing demand for liver transplants.

Freestanding membranes of hafnium zirconium oxide can be created using pulsed laser deposition method and used as the top-gate dielectric in molybdenum disulfide transistors.

These authors contributed equally.

Epstein-Barr virus-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (EBV-HLH) is a life-threatening condition different from self-limiting nature of Epstein-Barr virus-induced infectious mononucleosis (IM). Here the authors identify IDO1⁺ monocytes and L-kynurenine as biomarkers for HLH by comparing single cell sequencing data of HLH patients with IM and healthy volunteers as the controls.