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A stereotaxic atlas of the whole mouse brain, based on a Nissl-stained cytoarchitecture dataset with isotropic 1-μm resolution, achieved through continuous micro-optical sectioning tomography, promises to be a versatile brainsmatics tool for studying the whole brain at single-cell level.

Nanomechanical resonators are attractive as ultra-low concentration sensors of biomolecules, as their small scale allows for sensitive mass detection. Here, using a nanowire array as part of a photonic crystal, such a device is presented for light trapping, absorption and low-concentration sensing.

Here the authors use genetic mutations to alter TCR signal strength and clonal selection of exhausted CD8⁺ T cells. They implicate CARD11 signaling as a sensor of this TCR signal strength and as a regulator of antitumor function in exhausted T cells that might be targeted to enhance cancer immunotherapies.

The genomic epidemiology of Acinetobacter baumannii, which is rising in virulence and multidrug resistance, was explored. This study examined bloodstream infection isolates from Chinese patients in 2011–2021, revealing increased genetic diversity and dominance of highly virulent ST208.

We fabricated silicon heterojunction back-contact solar cells using laser patterning, producing cells that exceeded 27% power-conversion efficiency.

The cryo-electron microscopy structure of the GPR101–Gs complex reveals the mechanism for its constitutive activity and facilitates the screening and identification of GPR101 ligands with rejuvenating potential.

Cryo-electron and atomic force microscopy shed light on how fibrils of the protein tau, which accumulate in the brain of people with Alzheimer’s disease, can be disassembled by short peptides, providing a possible route towards developing treatments.

Chronic spontaneous urticarial is an inflammatory skin disease which has been linked to intestinal dysbiosis. Here the authors implicate intestinal dysbiosis with the inflammatory response in a murine model of urticaria.

Electrosynthesis of acetate from CO using renewable electricity faces low selectivity. Here, the authors report a cerium single atom modulated copper catalyst, where cerium atoms tailor the interfacial water structure, enabling highly selective CO-to-acetate conversion under pulsed electrolysis.

Local shear stress from an atomic force microscope tip can control the crystal directions in thin oxide films. This approach enables the manipulation of local magnetic anisotropy in ferromagnetic metals.

Here, the authors explore the mechanism of the monkeypox virus E5 protein using cryo-EM, and delineate the E5-mediated DNA unwinding initiation model in terms of dsDNA loading, melting and ssDNA translocation.

Continuous Na consumption and dendrite have hampered the development of Na metal batteries. Here, authors designed fluorine-doped micropore-covered mesoporous carbon fibers as current collectors for anode-free Na metal batteries with improved cycle life.

Inactivating PPP2R1A mutations correlate with better survival after immune checkpoint blockade in patients with ovarian clear cell carcinoma, suggesting that targeting the phosphatase 2A (PP2A) pathway may represent an effective startegy for improving responses to immunotherapy.

2D Ta-based transition metal dichalcogenides have been predicted to host highly confined plasmons, but their observation has been lacking. Here, the authors report momentum-resolved electron energy loss spectroscopy measurements of 2H-TaS₂ monolayers and bilayers, showing plasmon resonances with lateral confinement up to 300 and group velocity down to ~10⁻⁴c at large wave vectors.

Transition metal oxides can have exotic electronic phases because of the interplay of charge, spin and orbital degrees of freedom. Here, the authors investigate thin films of La_0.7Sr_0.3MnO₃and show a new phase with transport anisotropy under large tensile strain.

Graphene-like materials with pseudocapacitive characteristics are desirable for flexible solid-state pseudocapacitors. Here Wu et al. report such a graphene analogue, vanadyl phosphate ultrathin nanosheets, which exhibits excellent pseudocapacitive properties, leading to a high energy density.

Worldwide, the number of only-child families is increasing. This research examines how growing up without siblings affects adult brain structure, function and connectivity, cognition, personality and mental health.

DeepRETStroke is a deep learning system using retinal photographs to detect silent brain infarction and predict future stroke events.

In this work, authors convert fallen leaves into energy harvesters using hygroscopic iron hydrogel, achieving continuous power generation from moisture. The device delivers high current density and power output with potential for lower environmental impact compared to alternative harvesters.

Developing nontoxic high-performance bio-based adhesives is of great interest from a sustainability perspective. This paper reports a high-performance, reusable, biocompatible hot-melt adhesive that is produced from xylan, a byproduct of pulp industry.

Metal-tip-based electron sources are constrained by a trade-off between energy spread and pulse width. Here the authors report a carbon-nanotube-based electron source with a 0.3-eV energy spread and an electron pulse width of about 13 fs.

The Einstein Probe has discovered a fast X-ray transient, EP240414a, associated with a broad-lined type Ic supernova. Its unusually soft spectrum and weak jet add to the diversity of stellar deaths and suggest a previously unknown Wolf–Rayet star explosion mechanism.

Zhao et al. find that a macrophage subset migrates from the dura matter to reshape the cerebrospinal fluid microenvironment and promote metastasis and show that the secreted phosphoprotein 1–matrix metallopeptidase 14 axis can be targeted to inhibit this.

Together with an accompanying paper presenting a transcriptomic atlas of the mouse lemur, interrogation of the atlas provides a rich body of data to support the use of the organism as a model for primate biology and health.

The characterization of the surface structure and binding sites of materials is crucial for designing advanced materials for adsorption processes. Here, the authors use ¹⁷O solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to identify specific CO₂ adsorption sites on MgO nanosheets.

Here the authors identify genetic loci for asthma in East Asians using multi-trait GWAS. A CD36 missense variant shows protective effects and is validated through multi-omics, offering insights into asthma mechanisms and precision therapy.

Baseline performance, benchmarks, and guidance for LLMs in biomedicine are limited. The authors assess four LLMs on 12 tasks, establish baselines, examine hallucinations, and provide recommendations for optimal LLM use.

This work introduces GLORI 2.0 and 3.0, enabling sensitive m⁶A quantification from RNA inputs as low as a few hundred cells.

Uricase-based gout treatments are generally limited due in part to the accumulation of H₂O₂ in an arthrosis microenvironment. Here the authors develop a nanomotor-based strategy that simultaneously degrades uric acid and eliminate H₂O₂ for efficient gouty therapy.

Enzyme-bound ketyl radicals derived from thiamine diphosphate are selectively generated through single-electron oxidation by a photoexcited organic dye and shown to lead to enantioselective radical acylation reactions.

AI applications on mobile devices are constrained by the high resource demands of large models. Here, the authors developed an efficient on-device multimodal embedding system.

Reshaping of thiamine-dependent enzymes with ferrocene-mediated electrocatalysis can unlock an unnatural dynamic kinetic oxidation of α-branched aldehydes, providing new opportunities for making molecules.

A cluster randomized trial in China shows that telemedicine-based, village doctor-led delivery of integrated care reduced the occurrence of adverse cardiovascular events and hospitalizations in older adults with atrial fibrillation.

The development of conjugate boryl addition to α,β-unsaturated amide has been hampered by the intrinsic low electrophilicity of the amide group. Here the authors show a catalytic asymmetric synthesis of enantioenriched tertiary boronic esters through hydroboration of β,β-disubstituted α,β-unsaturated amides.

Large-scale single-cell sequencing data brings computational barriers for downstream analysis. Here, the authors propose MetaQ, a metacell algorithm that reduces cell number while preserving biological characteristics through a cell quantisation process, supporting both uni- and multi-omics data.

A strategy using engineered functional customized viral receptors enables the development of functional infection models for coronaviruses whose native cellular receptors are unknown.

Observations indicating the chiral nature of superconducting states in five rhombohedral tetralayer and pentalayer graphene devices without moiré superlattice effects are reported, establishing a pure carbon material for the study of topological superconductivity.

Current-driven dynamic atomic rearrangements in layered In₂Se₃ are visualized. The authors identify an intralayer ‘unzipping’ and interlayer ‘zipping’ phase-transition pathway in which bond formation across the van der Waals gaps drives bond cleavage within covalent layers.

Mechanical forces play a critical role in regulating cancer cell behavior. Here, Li et al. report a 3D hydrogel platform embedded with near-infrared responsive macromolecular actuators for precise mechanical stimulation of specific integrin subtypes in ovarian cancer cells to investigate how different force parameters affect cell migration and invasion.

A metalaser is described, in which light can have an arbitrarily shaped wavefront, enabling the metalaser emission to have any desired profile, such as focal spots, focal lines, vector beams, vortex beams and even holograms.

A recombinant vaccine that targets the receptor-binding domain of the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 induces a potent antibody response in immunized mice, rabbits and non-human primates, and protects primates from infection with the virus.

Optically reconfigurable elements are in demand for future applications. The authors report on the use of chirality-invertible cholesteric liquid crystals to actively manipulate geometric phase and create switchable planar optics elements that perform a variety of functions.

Socioeconomic status is multidimensional and can change over time. Xu, Lui, Ji et al. found dimension-specific, late-stage-specific and change-specific socioeconomic effects on brain, cognition, personality and emotion.

External stimulus-induced cellular stress response plays a role in the development of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Here the authors show that stress-induced activation of p38 MAPK leads to ACSL4 phosphorylation and Src myristoylation to promote tumorigenesis in ESCC.

Identification of active sites is one of the main obstacles to rational design of catalysts for scientific and industrial applications. Here, the authors demonstrate the synthesis and structural identification of Zn based active sites, as well as the related structural activation for oxygen species.