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Lithium metal batteries offer high energy density for electric vehicles but face challenges with fast charging. This study investigates pyran-based electrolytes containing various substituted anions, revealing that weakly Li⁺-associating anions enhance fast-charging performance.

Cold tolerance at the booting stage is critical for the expansion of rice cultivation area. Here, the authors report that a CAMTA family transcription factor encoding gene CTB3 positively regulates japonica rice booting stage cold tolerance and its upstream and downstream interactors to fulfill the functionality.

Mechanisms confer to the enhanced cold tolerance in japonica rice have not been fully elucidated. Here, the authors report a homeodomain-leucine zipper (HD-Zip) I transcription factor encode gene CTB5 is responsible for japonica rice cold tolerance by interacting with genes in gibberellin and abscisic acid pathways.

Li₅FeO₄ is a high-capacity prelithiation agent but suffers from poor air stability. Here, authors apply a carbon coating strategy to significantly improve its resistance to moisture, enabling over 92% capacity retention after 72 h exposure to ambient air.

Haploid embryonic stem cells for cattle and sheep are produced, opening new reproductive possibilities.

To ensure the reliable operation of anode-less solid-state lithium metal battery, herein, the authors report the role of metal interlayer as the interface control strategy for achieving the stable lithium plating and stripping using the multiple operando and in-situ analysis.

Organic electrode materials offer a versatile and sustainable route for lithium-ion batteries, but their application is hindered by low working voltages and poor cycling stability. Now, it has been shown that dissolving halide electrolytes into organic electrodes effectively tunes the working voltage and enhances the electrochemical performance of all-solid-state batteries.

Capacity degradation over extended cycles is a major problem in lithium-sulphur batteries. Here, Su et al.report a charge operation control strategy to inhibit dissolution of polysulphides leading to enhanced capacity retention over multiple cycles.

DNA damage from chemotherapy can activate cGAS–STING and interferon pathways. Here, the authors show that cGAS–STING signaling is specific to DNA rich in CA repeats, whereas DNA not rich in CA repeats is detected by AIM2, resulting in opposing tumor immune responses.

A new artificial intelligence model, DeepSeek-R1, is introduced, demonstrating that the reasoning abilities of large language models can be incentivized through pure reinforcement learning, removing the need for human-annotated demonstrations.

Acute lung injury (ALI) carries high mortality with limited treatment. Here, the authors show in mice a brain-lung circuit wherein CRH neurons activation in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) attenuates ALI by limiting neutrophil hyperactivation.

Molecular engineering has increased the power conversion efficiency of inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs), surpassing that of regular PSCs. Here, the symmetric molecule (2-(pyren-2-yl)ethyl)phosphonic acid (pPy) enables long-range-ordered π–π stacking, enhancing charge transport. pPy films show face-on orientation and uniform distribution, yielding PSCs with power conversion efficiencies of 26.6%.

A cost-effective all-in-one halide cathode material with high energy density and exceptional cycling stability can be used to achieve energy-dense, durable cathodes for the next generation of all-solid-state batteries.

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are attractive electrocatalysts, yet their synthesis is hindered by long reaction times, high temperatures, and the use of organic solvents. This works reports the use of supercritical CO₂ to prepare efficient COF catalysts for the two electron oxygen reduction.

Memristor arrays based on molecular crystal with van der Waals-linked cages are fabricated, enabling ultralow energy switching, high endurance and seamless integration into neuromorphic computing hardware.

Controlling Li nucleation and growth is crucial to avoid dendrite formation. Here, Li₂S(111)@Cu is used as Li metal electrode substrate, where a substrate-dependent Li nucleation process and a facet-dependent growth mode are identified, enabling dense Li deposition and improved battery performance.

The authors show that prenatal propylparaben exposure causes transgenerational inheritance of diminished ovarian reserve via Rhobtb1 hypomethylation, with similar patterns in patient samples. Methyl-donor diet counteracts this, suggesting therapeutic potential.

Sodium-air batteries are appealing energy storage systems due to high theoretical energy density and high sodium abundance. But they are plagued with low efficiency and large overpotential. Here, authors report long-term reversibility over 1000 cycles with 99% efficiency using a cascade electrocatalysis strategy based on Na[Li_1/3Ru_2/3]O₂ electrodes.

This study shows that p300/CBP-dependent H2B acetylation is crucial for maintaining transcription of oncogenic gene programs in androgen receptor-driven prostate cancer.

Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune condition leading to extreme muscle weakness due to autoantibodies targeting the neuromuscular junctions. Here authors assign a critical role for platelets in amplifying the pro-inflammatory response in AChR+ immunotherapy-naïve MG (nMG) patients and thus contributing to disease pathology.

The practical performance of lithium sulphide batteries is much less than their predicted performance because redox products dissolve over time. Su and Manthiram show that microporous carbon membranes inserted between cathode and separator localize soluble polysulphide species and improve battery cycling characteristics.

Si-based all-solid-state batteries face application challenges due to the requirement of high external pressure. Here, authors prepare a double-layered Si-based electrode by cold-pressing and electrochemical sintering that enables all-solid-state batteries operating free from external pressure.

It is challenging to treat emerging organic contaminants such as pharmaceutical compounds. Using the proposed plant-based zirconium–ellagate framework, this study demonstrates high removal efficiencies of emerging organic contaminants from real untampered municipal wastewater treatment plant effluent.

The authors identify two coexisting incommensurate charge density waves whose interplay leads to joint commensuration and a long-period moiré structure.

Peripheral nerve transfer can restore motor functions of the upper limbs after peripheral nerve injuries. Here, the authors developed an implantable multisite optogenetic stimulation system for wireless evaluation of peripheral nerve plexus with sub nerve resolution.

Immune checkpoint blockade is an effective therapy in melanoma, but response is highly variable between patients. Here, the authors show that Inducing co-stimulatory immune checkpoint CD137L expression in melanoma cells enhances T cell-mediated anti-tumor immunity.

Anti-TSLP biologics have shown promise for the clinical treatment of type 2 respiratory disease. Here the authors present a clinical trial of CM326, a monoclonal antibody against TSLP, and show the clinical effects in patients with eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (ECRSwNP), who present with type 2-dominant inflammation.

Sulfide electrolytes’ incompatibility with Li metal hinders their use in all-solid-state Li metal batteries. Here, the authors propose a scalable Li-Al-Cl stratified structure, formed via strain-activated phase separation, to effectively stabilize the negative electrode/electrolyte interface.

A functional screening platform selects switchable aptamer beacons that undergo conformational changes and emit detectable signals when encountering target molecules.

Jia et al. experimentally show that when individuals can tailor their actions to each neighbour—a freedom termed social networking agency—they display higher levels of cooperation, trust and fairness in economic games.

Aqueous zinc-ion batteries suffer from performance-degrading side reactions. Here, authors develop an extended gate field-effect transistor to monitor the real-time changes of pH and dissolved oxygen in the electrolyte during battery operation.

A protein foundation model represents protein sequence, structure and function.

Electron-deficient nitrogen-containing aromatic heterocycles can be converted into all-carbon aromatic frameworks via skeletal editing but reported methods are mainly limited to nucleophilic modification of ring-opening species. Here the authors report an electrophilic modification method which converts pyridines into arene-1,3-dialdehydes or naphthalene-1,3-dialdehydes.

Here the authors reveal a study of 486,956 Han Chinese individuals showing that most people with genetic variants affecting drug response do not have the predicted adverse events, highlighting the challenges of implementing pharmacogenetics in clinical practice.

Electromagnetic interference shielding materials are typically non-degradable or hard to recycle. Here the authors design a cellulose-based shielding material which is recyclable while maintaining shielding performance.

Fanjiang Kong, Zhixi Tian, Xingliang Hou, Baohui Liu and colleagues report the cloning and functional characterization of J, the locus underlying the long-juvenile (LJ) trait that has enabled tropical cultivation of soybean. They show that J, an ortholog of Arabidopsis ELF3, downregulates the expression of E1, thereby promoting flowering under short-day conditions.

East Asia is one of the few regions in the world where a relatively large number of human fossils have been unearthed — a discovery that has been taken as evidence for an independent local origin of modern humans outside of Africa. However, genetic studies conducted in the past ten years, especially using Y chromosomes, have provided unequivocal evidence for an African origin of East Asian populations. The genetic signatures present in diverse East Asian populations mark the footsteps of prehistoric migrations that occurred tens of thousands of years ago.

Oxide ceramic electrolytes for Li-metal batteries often require high-temperature processing, which can compromise material reliability. Here, the authors present a sintering-free approach to synthesize disorder-driven garnet-type solid electrolytes, achieving performance comparable to traditional sintered materials.

A synthetic biology approach was used to engineer Vibrio natriegens into a strain capable of bioremediating complex organic pollutants in saline wastewater and soils, thereby addressing notable threats to marine biosecurity.

This study reports age-dependent negative correlations between temporal changes in maximal leaf area index and growing season length, indicating contrasting leaf acclimation strategies driving vegetation greening in young versus old deciduous broadleaf forests.

Metal–support interfaces play a crucial role in dictating the catalytic behavior of heterogeneous systems. Here, the authors reveal a unique looping metal–support interaction in NiFe–Fe₃O₄ catalysts, where spatially separated yet coupled redox cycles boost hydrogen oxidation, providing new insights for the design of efficient heterogeneous catalysts.

This study identifies brain connectivity patterns linked to the duration of methamphetamine abstinence in individuals with methamphetamine use disorder. The identified networks were validated in an out-of-sample replication.

Glass sulfide electrolytes are promising materials for solid-state Li metal batteries, yet limited understanding hinders their progress. Here, the authors decipher the dissolution process of halogen dopants in glass and introduce a synthetic strategy to increase halogen dopant’s dissolution capacity.

The quark structure of the f₀(980) hadron is still unknown after 50 years of its discovery. Here, the CMS Collaboration reports a measurement of the elliptic flow of the f₀(980) state in proton-lead collisions at a nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass energy of 8.16 TeV, providing strong evidence that the state is an ordinary meson.

Utilizing the immense osmotic energy in membrane separation processes enables spontaneous lithium extraction while generating net energy, offering a promising method for carbon-negative resource recovery.

In this Perspective, members of the Aging Biomarker Consortium outline the X-Age Project, an Aging Biomarker Consortium plan for building standardized aging clocks in China. The authors discuss the project roadmap and its aims of decoding aging heterogeneity, detecting accelerated aging early and evaluating geroprotective interventions.