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Hepatitis C virus remains a health burden due to the lack of an effective vaccine, hindered by difficulties in replicating the native E1E2 antigen structure. Here, the authors engineer a stabilized E1E2 heterodimer using cryo-EM-guided modifications, enhancing immunogenicity and paving the way for future HCV vaccine development.

The CMS experiment at CERN reports one of the highest-precision measurements of the W boson mass, finding it in line with standard model predictions and at odds with recent anomalous measurements.

The real space magnetic texture of kagome materials is often complex and temperature dependent. Here, the authors demonstrate spectroscopic access to a single magnetic domain in kagome metal DyMn₆Sn₆ and provide insights into the orbital magnetization.

The genetically encoded voltage indicators JEDI3sub and JEDI3hyp enhance monitoring of subthreshold neuronal activity in the awake mouse brain using a variety of two-photon microscopy techniques.

Global Burden of Disease analysis found that in 2023, suboptimal diet was estimated to be responsible for 4 million deaths and 97 million morbidity burdens from ischemic heart disease.

Reducing or stopping immunosuppression in recipients of allografts has the potential to spare them from increased risk of infection, malignancy and cardiovascular events. Here, the authors report the results of a phase-I clinical trial evaluating the use of donor-derived dendritic cells as means to achieve operational tolerance in living-donor liver transplantation.

A deep learning framework integrates protein language models, protein interactions and domains, medical knowledge graphs and electronic health records to map variants to phenotypes.

XRISM spectroscopy of the nucleus of the Circinus galaxy indicates elemental abundances suggestive of a dominant enrichment from core-collapse supernovae with progenitors below 20 solar masses; more massive stars may directly collapse into black holes.

A deep-tissue light source made from mechanoluminescent transducers stimulated by focused ultrasound enables wide imaging of live animal vasculature, and modulation of neuronal activity and behaviour.

Orbital hybridization and quantum confinement are used to realize Ising-like superconductivity in trilayers of gallium, which alone is probably not strongly enough spin–orbit coupled to host such superconductivity under high in-plane magnetic fields.

AhR functions as a neuronal brake on axon regeneration, integrating environmental sensing, protein homeostasis and metabolic signalling to control the balance between stress adaptation and axonal repair.

Thin and conformal tungsten disulfide (WS₂) layers, which are grown at the wafer scale using thermal atomic layer deposition at back-end-of-line compatible temperatures, can function as both barriers and liners for interconnects.

Phylogeographic analysis and ecological niche modelling identify environmental factors associated with dispersal events, range expansion and local circulation risk of Oropouche virus in people in Brazil.

Emerging multidrug-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae is a global health threat in the treatment of gonorrhoea. This study reports the discovery and characterization of a promising antigonorrhoea agent that addresses antibiotic resistance.

A mummified fossil of the early Permian reptile Captorhinus reveals the potential ancestral amniote breathing mechanism and its impact on terrestrial vertebrate evolution.

An analysis of satellite data follows ~1 km³ of flood water drain over only 3 weeks from a glacier-covered lake along a 50 km path beneath the ice to the glacier margin, providing important insight for predicting the future of glaciers and ice sheets.

Analyses of snRNA genes in a French cohort of people with rare disorders, with validation through international collaboration, identify monoallelic and biallelic variants in RNU2-2 as frequent causes of neurodevelopmental disorders with epilepsy.

LHAASO has detected γ-ray emission with a spectrum extending to 2 PeV from the pulsar wind nebula (PWN) powered by PSR J1849-0001, indicating an extreme particle acceleration efficiency and challenging the current particle acceleration theories.

A low-cost, modular self-driving laboratory platform (RoboChem-Flex) is designed to democratize autonomous chemical experimentation. This platform combines customizable hardware with Python-based control software to make advanced Bayesian optimization more accessible. Photochemical, biocatalytic and thermal processes are demonstrated, showcasing a broad range of potential applications in both fully closed-loop and human-in-the-loop approaches.

In a study of four brain-dead human decedents, extracorporeal liver cross-circulation using genetically modified pig livers provides essential hepatic functions, supporting the feasibility of this approach for temporary liver support as a bridge to organ transplantation.

Imprinting by influenza viruses can cause a deleterious shift of nearly the entire memory recall response against key, conserved epitopes.

This study comprehensively maps neuropeptide systems in the human brain to elucidate their organizational principles and shows how neuropeptide architecture is linked to behavior and evolution.

The genomewide meta-analysis of lumbar spinal stenosis LSS identifies 73 previously unreported loci in addition to 15 known loci and highlights spinal degeneration as a key pathogenic mechanism. Overall, the findings expand knowledge of the genetic background of LSS.

A new optical imaging study demonstrates that norepinephrine and the state of arousal influence hemodynamic correlations across cerebral cortex, calling for a conceptual shift in interpreting functional magnetic resonance imaging data.

Toker et al. present an AI framework that identifies mechanisms of consciousness. The model predicts new drivers of unconsciousness and identifies subthalamic nucleus stimulation as a potential therapy for disorders of consciousness.

Affinity-proteomics platforms often yield poorly correlated measurements. Here, the authors show that protein-altering variants drive a portion of inter-platform inconsistency and that accounting for genetic variants can improve concordance of protein measures and phenotypic associations across ancestries.

SWI/SNF complexes are mutated in 20% of cancers, yet the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, the authors identify a compensatory mechanism of chromatin regulation that becomes essential in cancers carrying mutations that broadly inactivate SWI/SNF.

Analyses of epidemiological, clinical and molecular data from a prospective cohort of 3,100 patients with esophageal carcinoma suggest intestinal metaplasia as a single precancer pathway preceding the disease.

Native AMPA receptors are heteromeric complexes of GluA1-4 and auxiliary subunits. Here, authors report structures of the most abundant GluA1/A2 core in the closed, open, and desensitized states, allowing to decipher the role of auxiliary subunits in different synaptic complexes.

The electronic behaviour of complex oxides such as LaNiO₃ depends on many intrinsic and extrinsic factors, making it challenging to identify microscopic mechanisms. Here the authors demonstrate the influence of oxygen vacancies on the thickness-dependent metal-insulator transition of LaNiO₃ films.

Analysis of neuroimaging datasets across five major psychedelics revealed a shared brain signature and provides a comprehensive insight into how these drugs reorganize brain architecture.

Understanding collective behaviour is an important aspect of managing the pandemic response. Here the authors show in a large global study that participants that reported identifying more strongly with their nation reported greater engagement in public health behaviours and support for public health policies in the context of the pandemic.

Analysis combining multiple global tree databases reveals that whether a location is invaded by non-native tree species depends on anthropogenic factors, but the severity of the invasion depends on the native species diversity.

A method termed ac⁴C-seq is introduced for the transcriptome-wide mapping of the RNA modification N⁴-acetylcytidine, revealing widespread temperature-dependent acetylation that facilitates thermoadaptation in hyperthermophilic archaea.

Synchronous activation of climbing fibres engages disinhibitory circuitry to promote large dendritic calcium signals in Purkinje cells that are necessary to promote cerebellar learning.

Photoinduced ligand-to-metal charge transfer is used to enable abiotic cross-couplings in metalloenzymes. Engineering a 2-histidine metal site and substituting iron with nickel activates PsEFE for nickel-catalysed C(sp²)–S coupling reactions between thiols and aryl bromides. Directed evolution yielded metalloenzyme variants that can produce a range of thioethers with high efficiency.

The study provides observational evidence of energy transfer in space plasmas, showing hydrogen and helium ions interact differently with ion-scale waves. Despite helium’s low abundance, they show their interaction can excite electrostatic waves, facilitating energy transfer across scales and challenging traditional models.

Coronary artery disease has several genetic risk factors. Here, the authors develop a model that combines germline and somatic genetic drivers to predict coronary artery disease risk, identifying high-risk individuals not detected by polygenic risk scores alone.

Here, Wulczynski et al. find fewer small-intestinal fiber-degrading bacteria in CeD patients, independent of the gluten-free diet, while inulin-supplemented diet in gluten-sensitized mice facilitates microbial saccharolytic function and SCFAs, accelerating mucosal healing in the small intestine.

Androgen activity in the male embryonic hindbrain prolongs hindbrain differentiation in male individuals and drives sex differences in the incidence and prognosis of posterior fossa type A (PFA) ependymoma, an aggressive childhood brain tumour.

Covalent KRAS inhibitors show initial responses but resistance limits durability. Here drug-induced hapten peptides are identified and characterized, enabling production of high affinity, cross-HLA T cell engagers that stabilize low density hapten peptide MHCs to drive tumor-specific killing.

Aberrant signaling pathway activation is a key driver of tumorigenesis. Using single-cell RNA sequencing, the authors unravel how EGFR-Ras and Hedgehog signaling promote distinct steps of tumor progression in a Drosophila ovarian tumor model.

Biallelic variants in RNU4-2 cause a recessive neurodevelopmental disorder that is phenotypically and molecularly distinct from dominant ReNU syndrome and associated with reduced RNU4-2 transcript levels, consistent with a loss-of-function mechanism.

Gene fusion products involving protein kinases are known drivers in human cancers and actionable targets for personalized therapy. Here, the authors uncover the structural and molecular determinants that control the mechanism of autoactivation of the CCDC6-RET oncogenic fusion protein revealing a dual ATP and ADP dependent activity, with implications in cancer signaling.