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This study shows that excessive atmospheric nitrogen deposition can enhance methane production and emissions by impacting microbial phosphorus acquisition due to the change of N/P ratios in oxygenated surface oceans.

The authors report long-lived pump-induced conductivity suppression in metallic Ti₃C₂ MXenes using ultrafast terahertz and reflectance spectroscopy. The effect is attributed to strong photothermal heating and slow heat dissipation.

Distributed multiparameter quantum metrology allows to probe multiple spatially distributed parameters across networked quantum systems. Here, the authors demonstrate distributed multiparameter quantum metrology in a modular superconducting quantum processor network.

Through integrated multi-omics and experimental validation, this study reveals that altered gut microbiota and bile acid metabolism activate TLR3 to induce urothelial injury in interstitial cystitis, identifying a pathway with therapeutic potential.

Thymine DNA glycosylase (TDG) was identified as a synthetic-lethal target in p53-deficient cancers through alterations in double-stranded RNA accumulation. A covalent small-molecule inhibitor of TDG exhibited potent efficacy against p53-deficient tumors.

Negative regulator of thermotolerance 1 (NAT1) is identified as a negative regulator of thermotolerance in rice through the NAT1–bHLH110–CER1/CER1L module. Modifying NAT1 by targeted gene editing increases wax deposition and enhances thermotolerance in rice.

A drug repurposing strategy identified fluvastatin as a CYP4Z1 inhibitor with a potential to inhibit the initiation and metastasis of breast cancer in vitro and in vivo.

The Taiwan Precision Medicine Initiative (TPMI) has built a cohort of more than half a million individuals with Han Chinese ancestry, providing a rich resource of genetic and medical data for this group.

This work demonstrates that stress-coupled atomic ordering at nanoscale Mn–Al–B interfaces will convert brittle boundaries into energy-absorbing zones, explaining the unusual coexistence of high strength, ductility, and low thermal expansion in magnesium alloys.

A gas–liquid–solid triphasic etching strategy is demonstrated to obtain MXenes with uniform and tunable halogen terminations. The resulting MXenes have highly ordered structures, enhanced charge transport properties and programmable surface chemistry for advanced (opto)electronic applications.

Bronchiectasis and asthma can co-exist in the same patient, and the characteristics may be different from bronchiectasis alone. Here the authors characterise the function of ILC3 cells and how IL-17C potentiates IL-17A expression promoting a neutrophil dominated asthma endotype in mouse bronchiectasis-asthma models.

Circulating subtypes of Influenza viruses seasonally change and therefore vaccines need to be matched to these strains each year, which is why there is a need for next-generation vaccines that can elicit broad and cross-type protection. Here, Li et al. generate a human-mouse chimeric antibody with broad neutralizing activity against seasonal and pandemic H1N1 and some H5N1 viruses in vivo and identify residues on hemagglutinin relevant for its broad neutralization activity.

Jahn-Teller distortions alter molecular structures, but are usually only probed on the basis of electronic signatures. Here, the authors demonstrate that tip-enhanced Raman imaging in real space can map the associated vibrational changes in a single molecule.

Endocytosis of TFR1 plays a crucial role in extracelluar iron uptake. Here the authors revealed that PKCβII facilitates the endocytosis of TFR1 and increases cellular iron levels through the phosphorylation of AAK1, thus promoting ferroptosis of tumor cells.

Here the authors propose an evaporation-driven approach to print various nanomaterials on porous substrates, allowing for high-throughput roll-to-roll and spatially programmable fabrication of functional nanomaterial films.

Tracheal defects lack effective long-segment repair solutions. Here, authors develop a bio-adaptive hydrogel strategy that guides cartilage, vascular, and epithelial regeneration to reconstruct a functional, long-segment trachea.

Alphaherpesvirus infections pose a health challenge due to the lack of effective broad-spectrum antiviral strategies. Here, the authors identify a broadly neutralizing antibody, 16F9, which targets glycoprotein B, offering cross-protection against multiple viruses and demonstrating robust efficacy in mouse models, paving the way for antiviral interventions.

A modular nanobody-based approach assembles combination vaccines by stably attaching diverse antigens to hepatitis E virus-like particles, preserving native immunogenicity and inducing broad protection against respiratory pathogens.

Dendrobium is a genus of mostly epiphytic and lithophytic orchids. Here, the authors conduct comparative genome analysis for 24 chromosome-level genome assemblies and genome skimming sequencing data for 204 species in this genus, and reveal genomic variation, biosynthesis and evolutionary adaptation in Dendrobium orchids.

Battery storage systems with high energy density, safety, cost-effectiveness and wide operating temperatures are needed for smart grid integration. High-energy lithium-ion systems, quasi-solid-state configurations and sodium-ion batteries were among the main strategies pursued in 2025 to achieve that goal.

HOXA2 expression was inhibited by aberrant hypermethylation, leading to decreased SIRT1 levels, which could increase ATF6 acetylation and activation as well as subsequent ER stress, resulting in renal damage in CKD-related fibrosis.

The mitochondrial membranes present a formidable barrier to the delivery of exogenous genes. Here, the authors report on the development of fluorinated lipid nanoparticles to efficiently introduce therapeutic genes into mitochondria, for the correction of mitochondrial genomic defects.

Cross-dehydrogenative coupling (CDC) allows the efficient construction of C−C and C−heteroatom bonds. Now, single-platinum-atom-decorated graphitic carbon nitride is applied as a heterogeneous photocatalyst for CDC reactions between (hetero)arenes and nucleophiles without external oxidants.

It is not well understood why some metallic glasses display clear experimental evidence of β-relaxations, whereas others do not. Here, by studying enthalpies of mixing in glass-forming compositions, Yu et al. suggest that string-like atomic configurations may account for their observation.

Coherence is widely seen as essential for quantum source quality. Here, authors demonstrate on-chip photon states with increased brightness and purity using incoherent light. It reveals the mechanism of pump coherence and lowers the barrier for the generation of high-quality quantum states.

Chen et al. report all-site alloying for 3D perovskites where B-site strontium doping retards the crystallisation and induces sequential A-site doping with annealing. The controllable crystallisation enables blue LEDs with peak efficiency of 23.3% at 487 nm and tuneable emission to 463 nm.

Here the authors report that genetic or pharmacological inhibition of phosphoglycerate kinase 1, an enzyme involved in glycolysis, attenuates acute kidney injury in mouse models of acute kidney injury via inhibition of ferroptosis.

In mitochondria transplantation, the limited activity and yield of mitochondria constrain their clinical application for mitochondrial diseases. Here, authors develop a method for producing mitochondria-enriched extracellular vesicles, which offer high-quality, abundant mitochondrial material for transplantation.

The role of TGFβ in cancer is paradoxical and context-dependent. Here, the authors discover that a preserved, DLD-mediated metabolic suppression by TGFβ undermines anti-TGFβ therapy, promoting gastric cancer growth.

Genomic, transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses from a population of 295 diverse sweet-corn inbred lines provide insights into kernel quality formation mechanisms and the divergence of sweet corn and field corn.

The equivalency of stress and temperature as driving force for the relaxation in metallic glasses is widely accepted. Here, Yu et al.examine this assumption in simulations and find that stress induces a fragile-to-strong transition in addition to accelerated relaxation dynamics as temperature does.

Polycyclic indolines are valuable skeletons in drug discovery. Here, the authors report an asymmetric dearomative [3 + 2] annulation of indoles with aminocyclopropanes to construct tricyclic indolines.

The function and regulatory mechanism of mRNA acetylation modification in cancer progression remains largely unknown. Here the authors identify that targeting tumor N4-acetylcytidine (ac4C) RNA acetyltransferase NAT10 improves anti-tumor response via MYC/CDK2/DNMT1/dsRNA/type I IFN pathway, and show the synergic anti-tumor effect of NAT10 inhibition with aPD-1.

A screen for protein degraders discovers hits by imaging cell survival.

The authors report the observation of tunneling spectra with extremely asymmetric coherence peaks in the underdoped cuprate superconductor Bi₂Sr_2-xLa_xCuO₆. They argue that the extremely asymmetric peaks arise from ‘half-Bogoliubons’, corresponding to three-hole and one-hole excitations of the local pairing state of two holes per 4a₀ × 4a₀ plaquette.

Living plant collections hold an immense wealth of plant diversity and have critical educational, scientific and conservation roles. This Perspective examines current data management practices of living collections and advocates for higher data standards and a robust and inclusive global data ecosystem.

Catalytic asymmetric click reactions of azides and alkynes for chiral triazole synthesis remains a challenge, due to the limited catalytic systems and substrate scope. Herein, the authors report the enantioselective azidation/click cascade reaction of N-propargyl-β-ketoamides via copper catalysis, affording a variety of chiral 1,2,3-triazoles.

Employing appropriate catalysts in room-temperature sodium-sulfur batteries can significantly enhance performance. Here, authors utilize natural language processing techniques in conjunction with a binary descriptor to screen preferrable single-atom catalysts to achieve high specific capacity.

Data heterogeneity presents a challenge in distributed artificial intelligence (AI) for medical imaging across diverse clinical settings. Here, the authors develop HeteroSync Learning, a privacy-preserving distributed learning framework that mitigates data heterogeneity and outperforms classical, state-of-the-art, and foundation models.

Single-photon sources with a single-photon efficiency of 0.60, a single-photon purity of 0.975 and an indistinguishability of 0.975 are demonstrated. This is achieved by fabricating elliptical resonators around site-registered quantum dots.

Using data from the UK Biobank, the authors develop a comprehensive human metabolome–phenome atlas, including a browsable web tool, to uncover unique metabolite–trait and metabolite–disease associations with time, and discuss potential causal relationships.