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The authors identify Npr1 as a nucleophagy receptor in fission yeast that acts redundantly with Epr1 to degrade nuclear components. Tethering chromatin to the inner nuclear membrane blocks nucleophagy, suggesting a genome protection mechanism.

The surface chemical ordering in high entropy alloys is revealed by the surface sensitive imaging tool - scanning tunneling microscopy – which is enabled by the subtle differences in the partial density of states among different elements.

Treatment failure exists in Induction chemotherapy followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) for locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (LA-NPC) patients. Here this group reports a phase 2 randomized trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of adding nimotuzumab, to CCRT on 246 patients with untreated, non-keratinising, stage II–IVA LA-NPC.

Thrombolytic therapy with tPA risks hemorrhagic transformation (HT). Here, the authors show that tPA upregulates CD177⁺ neutrophils to promote HT, a fibrin-targeted, ROS-responsive polymersome is developed to deliver tPA and inhibit CD177⁺ neutrophils, enabling safe thrombolysis while preventing HT

CBP phosphorylation keeps intestinal homeostasis by restraining CBP–p53 binding to allow sufficient versican expression. Its impairment suppresses versican, disrupting the stem cell niche to drive UC and highlighting versican as a therapeutic target.

A structural templating method transforms layered oxide materials to achieve stable ferroelectric phase with vertical polarization and thermal stability up to 350 °C, facilitating high-performance data storage for future computing technologies.

Strategies to directly engineer red blood cells (RBCs) in vivo for drug delivery, imaging, and other applications are lacking. Here, the authors develop a strategy for in vivo metabolic tagging of RBCs and show applications in imaging and prolonged blood circulation of therapeutic agents.

Au nanowires with an unconventional hexagonal close-packed (4H) phase stabilize the 4H-phase high-entropy alloys grown epitaxially on their surface through a facile chemical synthesis. The resulting core–shell nanostructures demonstrate promising overall water electrolysis performance.

The COMPASSION16 trial showed survival benefits of cadonilimab plus standard therapy in advanced cervical cancer. Here, subgroup analysis confirms consistent progression-free and overall survival improvements across diverse patient profiles.

Cancer stem cells contribute to cancer evasion and relapse by suppressing the immune response. Here, the authors identify sterol O-acyltransferase 1 (SOAT1) as a cancer stem cell immune checkpoint and propose that SOAT1 inhibition results in oxysterol-mediated reprogramming of intratumoral regulatory T cells via a trans-cellular 20SOHC-GPR132, ultimately enhancing anti-tumor immunity in various preclinical mouse models.

The core downstream mediator of the Norrin/β-catenin pathway remain elusive, hindering the treatment of familial exudative vitreoretinopathy. Here, the authors show that KIF11 acts as a key effector of this axis by preventing phosphorylation-driven PRDX1 phase separation and subsequent ferroptosis.

Restoring China’s salt marshes, mangroves, and seagrass beds offers economic and ecological benefits, with estimated blue carbon gains up to 12.3 million tons and the value of ecosystem services up to 434 billion US dollars, according to data from 237 coastal projects.

A dated phylogeny of 16,585 vascular plant species native to China reveals three major centres of endemism, including a potential new global biodiversity hotspot.

The superconducting transition temperature is generally believed to be independent of the direction of applied small bias currents. Here, the authors demonstrate the occurrence of directional-dependent Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition at the two-dimensional superconducting interface EuO/KTaO₃(111), which hints at emergent superconducting textures engendered by ferromagnetic proximity.

Reconfigurable chip-to-free-space interfaces based on thin-film lithium niobate microrings generate on-demand nonlinear structured light, including tunable optical vortices, optical skyrmions and spatiotemporal vortex pulses.

In the nonpivotal stage 1 of the randomized phase 3 PRESERVE-003 trial, patients with immunochemotherapy-resistant metastatic squamous non-small cell lung cancer without actionable genomic alterations treated with the next-generation, pH-sensitive anti-CTLA-4 agent gotistobart had encouraging overall survival outcomes compared to docetaxel.

Androgen activity in the male embryonic hindbrain prolongs hindbrain differentiation in male individuals and drives sex differences in the incidence and prognosis of posterior fossa type A (PFA) ependymoma, an aggressive childhood brain tumour.

The Taiwan Precision Medicine Initiative recruited and genotyped more than half a million Taiwanese participants, almost all of Han Chinese ancestry, and performed comprehensive genomic analyses and developed polygenic risk score prediction models for numerous health conditions.

Rong Tang and colleagues report a method that seamlessly integrates passive optical networks with distributed acoustic sensing for human intrusion monitoring. The system enables simultaneous data transmission and sub-meter localization over 25 km of fiber, supporting secure and wide-area infrastructure monitoring.

The glycolytic metabolite phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) is identified as a protective factor during aging. Acting as an endogenous inhibitor of cGAS−STING, PEP reduces inflammation and improves cognition in Alzheimer’s disease mice. PEP levels correlate with healthy traits in humans.

A clinical trial testing whether monitoring ctDNA clearance during treatment for nasopharyngeal cancer could be used to inform decisions about an individual’s subsequent therapeutic programme shows promising results.

The Taiwan Precision Medicine Initiative (TPMI) has built a cohort of more than half a million individuals with Han Chinese ancestry, providing a rich resource of genetic and medical data for this group.

Allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT) is approved for the treatment of transfusion-dependent thalassemia but remains limited to the use of matched sibling donors. In this multi-centre, phase-4 prospective clinical trial, the authors evaluate the use of alloHSCT with matched unrelated donors and haploidentical relatives.

Solid gold is most stable as a face-centred cubic structure, and stable colloidal gold with hexagonal close packing has not been produced. Huanget al.prepare square gold sheets with hexagonal close packing that are stable under ambient conditions.

P-(H)-m@EMLN mRNA nanovaccine for hepatocellular cancer immunotherapy was developed using hydrogen bonding between poly T-PLGA polymer and the poly(A) tail of GPC3 mRNA followed by an endoplasmic reticulum membrane coating.

Wang et al. propose a 3D meta-holographic zoom micro-projector, integrating a high-resolution metasurface with a tailored liquid lens, resulting in a 3D zoom micro-projector of only 0.18 cm³, small enough to fit on a fingertip.

Hong-Xuan Lin, Ji-Ping Gao, Jun-Xiang Shan and colleagues show that natural variation in a proteasome α2 subunit gene contributes to thermotolerance in African rice. Their follow-up studies suggest that the variant allele protects cells from heat stress by enhancing the elimination of cytotoxic denatured proteins and maintaining heat-response processes.

The performance of π-conjugated polymers films is limited by the short exciton diffusion lengths due to local imperfections or variations in interchain packing. Here, the authors report on large-area submillimeter-scale spherulites achieved by treating a spin-coated polydiarylfluorene film under solvent vapor annealing.

Moiré superlattices are a versatile platform for studying emergent electron and quantum phenomena. Here, the authors demonstrate moiré superlattice formation in complex oxide-WS₂ heterostructures across varying twist angles.

A testis-specific E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, ECSASB9, governs spermiogenesis by promoting TUBB4A degradation. Disruption of this pathway impairs male fertility, and pathogenic ASB9 variants are found in infertile men.

Wang et al. show that promyelocytic leukaemia protein (PML) reduces polyG inclusions via chaperone-mediated disaggregation and proteasome-dependent degradation. This suggests a possible role for PML in various neurodegenerative diseases.

Antiferromagnets are promising for nano-oscillator in terahertz frequency. However, realizing antiferromagnetic moment oscillation via spin-orbit torque remains elusive. Here, the authors demonstrate oscillations in Mn₂Au films.