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High-latitude soils are future soil organic carbon loss hotspots, with losses dominated by particulate organic carbon (POC). The fraction of POC in total SOC (f_POC) is a key indicator, emphasizing the climate importance of preserving POC.

Maternal obesity is known to cause systemic lipid dysregulation, yet its effect on lipid reprogramming during the maternal-to-zygotic transition (MZT) remains unknown. Here, they show that obesity disrupts very-long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) storage in oocytes, impairing peroxisomal protein import in 2-cell embryos.

DNA can store vast amounts of data, but current systems rely on many redundant copies and deep sequencing to correct synthetic, storage and readout errors. Here, authors present Gungnir, a DNA storage codec that recovers data from a single, highly error-prone sequence, reducing cost and improving reliability.

Here, the authors establish 1,3-propanediol, a low-cost biomass-derived bulk chemical, as an efficient, green, and sustainable C1 source for the mono-N-methylation of primary amines, via chelation-free C(sp3)−C(sp3) bond cleavage.

The immune mechanism of radioresistance in cancer patients remains to be explored. The authors here show that CXCL13 is upregulated in tumor regions upon radiation, which recruits immune suppressive CXCR5⁺ monocytes. Blocking CXCR5/CXCL13 interactions facilitate tumor control following radiation.

Perovskite–organic-based solar cells typically show poor reverse-bias stability. By modulating the deep trap state in the bulk-heterojunction region, organic and perovskite–organic tandem solar cells show largely improved stability under reverse biases up to –40 V.

The flow of water between rivers and floodplains—surface water connectivity—showed a net global increase from 1984 to 2019 driven by climate and anthropogenic changes and shaping sediment transport, according to a study of satellite observations.

Xiang, Wang, Tian et al. report that during nutrient insufficiency, inflammatory cytokines promote a ZBTB5-mediated mechanism to activate mTORC1 signalling, thereby enhancing amino acid uptake in tumour cells and restricting antitumour immune response.

Induction of hypothermia during hibernation/torpor enables certain mammals to survive under extreme conditions. Here, the authors show that the natural product P57 induces hypothermia by targeting pyridoxal kinase and has a potential application in therapeutic hypothermia.

A Dirac-vortex topological photonic crystal fiber is experimentally realized with broadband single polarization single-mode properties.

Alternative targets are required for tumor therapy. The authors here show that transmembrane protein 175 (TMEM175) knock out in macrophages improves aPD-1 treatment prognosis with the mechanism of enhanced NLRP3 expression and antigen cross-presentation of macrophages.

In mice, a circuit between the spinal cord and various regions of the brain, centring on spinal-cord-projecting neurons in the rostral ventromedial medulla, has a key role in driving chronic pain.

Traditional iterative catalysis in RiPP biosynthesis typically modifies linear peptides. Here the authors discover GNAT enzymes that iteratively modify fully folded lasso peptides and engineer them to create lipolasso peptides with expanded chemical diversity.

Mechanical response of semiconducting polymers affects their electrical properties, yet the detail remains elusive. Zhong et al. examine the multiscale structural evolution of conjugated polymer thin films during uniaxial deformation and link it to mechanical resilience and solar cell performance.

Decadal-scale observations reveal that plant diversity stabilizes ecosystem productivity over time. Phylogenetic diversity is the key driver of long-term stability, whereas plant height shapes short-term productivity dynamics.

Zhang, Han, Tan, Lu, Ma et al. report that kynurenine derived from peritumoural adipose tissue is hijacked by cancer cells to mediate ferroptosis resistance, a process that could potentially be targeted with immunotherapy to inhibit tumour growth.

Transition metal dichalcogenide nanotubes possess symmetry-breaking properties promising for fundamental physics research. Here, the authors report a direct synthesis of crystalline MoS₂ nanotubes exhibiting strong polarization and bulk photovoltaic effects.

Liu et al. report Chinese normative lifespan brain charts showing later neurodevelopmental milestones than those detected in Western cohorts. Individual deviations from these norms are valuable in assessing clinical risk and outcomes.

Xia, Zhang, Peng, Chen et al. find that Leydig cells and macrophages show bidirectional mitochondrial transfer through extracellular vesicles, ensuring Leydig cells have functional mitochondria. The exchange is needed for testosterone production.

Metallic 2D transition metal dichalcogenides are appealing for their practical applications and fundamental properties, but their large-scale synthesis remains challenging. Here, the authors report a dual-precursor metal–organic chemical vapor deposition strategy to grow superconducting single-crystalline NbS₂ and NbSe₂ multilayers at the wafer scale.

Here they identify key cells and signals that drive new dentin formation, enabling successful regeneration of damaged tooth structure and offering a promising dental repair strategy.

The study shows that vaccination with two doses of recombinant zoster vaccine is associated with a 51% reduction in the risk of dementia in adults aged ≥65 years. Reduction in risk is comparable across subgroups and remains statistically significant after accounting for healthy vaccinee bias.

Bacterial phosphate transporter PstSCAB is essential for survival and virulence. Here, authors reveal cryo-EM structures of PstSCAB in multiple states, uncovering how conformational changes drive phosphate import and providing insights for antibiotic development.

Pollen vegetative cells undergo epigenetic reprogramming, including DNA demethylation. In these cells, the authors show that the methyl readers MBD5 and MBD6 help prevent excessive demethylation by antagonizing MBD7-mediated active demethylation.

Tissue-specific mRNA or gene editing machinery delivery is achieved with lipid nanoparticles containing peptides with specific sequences, which tune the protein corona of the particles by mechanical optimization of peptide–protein binding affinities.

A peptide-based PD-L1-targeted nanorobot disrupts cancer cell membranes via pH-responsive fibril formation, and enhances T cell infiltration and immune activation, inducing a potent anticancer response in animal models of colorectal cancer.

Improving the elongation of stretchable organic electronics typically increases flexibility at the expense of ductility. Here, authors construct a covalent network, reinforced by silica filler, for improving crack-onset strain and modulus, achieving efficiency of 16.5% for stretchable solar cells.

Personalized nanovaccines derived from autologous tumour cells and engineered to display dendritic cell-like features enhance immune activation and prevent postoperative metastatic cancer in preclinical models.

This Protocol generates mouse mammary organoids with the tree-like architecture and cellular heterogeneity of native tissue, which recapitulate mammary physiology across the estrous cycle, pregnancy, lactation and involution.

China’s crowded coasts must balance seafood demand with conserving migratory shorebirds that rely on tidal flats along the East Asian–Australasian Flyway. This study suggests that well-managed mariculture feeds shorebirds and limits overharvest, benefiting seafood production and biodiversity.

Using single-cell transcriptomics and functional analyses, the authors identify a specialized neural network in the male schistosome gynecophoric canal and show that lsamp maintains its integrity, enabling intersex communication and female reproductive maturation.

CO₂-driven warming reduces phosphorus availability in rice paddies by promoting its binding with iron and organic carbon in the soil, according to a ten-year experiment using a free-air CO₂ enrichment system to simulate in situ climate warming.

Using volatile vanadium oxide and non-volatile tantalum oxide/hafnium oxide memristor arrays, a first-principles Fourier transform system can be created that can outperform conventional Fourier transform hardware in terms of throughput and reduce memory cost.

Efficient voltage-controlled regulation of water and ion transport was achieved in stable Zr₄-Ti₃C₂T_x membranes. Under negative voltage, water diffusion was enhanced while ion transport was suppressed. This provides a promising strategy to overcome the intrinsic permeability– selectivity trade-off.

Dysregulation in proteolysis contributes to brain tumorigenesis. Here the authors report that USP10 deubiquitinase is enriched in glioma stem cells (GSCs), which antagonizes DTX3L-mediated ubiquitination of SATB2, a major driver of GSC proliferation and self-renewal.

We introduce meta-amplified dark-field interferometric scattering microscopy, which uses a plasmonic metasurface to enhance sensitivity and contrast by converting nanoparticle-induced phase perturbations into strong far-field scattering signals.

This study shows the role of hydrogen sulfide as a driver of plasmid-mediated horizontal gene transfer of antimicrobial resistance genes.

Sclerostin impairs whole-body lipidandglucosemetabolism. Here, the authors further demonstrate that adipocytic sclerostin loop3-LRP4 interactionparticipatesin the impairment effect of sclerostin on whole-body lipid and glucose metabolism.

Species synchrony is considered a major mechanism of biodiversity–ecosystem stability relationships. Here, by combining theory, modelling and empirical work, the authors show that with time series length species synchrony decreases and its relationship with diversity switches from positive to negative.

Photoelectrochemical cells have been widely used for the production of solar fuels, but have seen limited applications in organic synthesis. Here the authors demonstrate photoelectrocatalytic C–H amination of aromatics, using haematite as the photoanode.

Phenotypic screening of an endophyte-derived compound library led to identification of a potent anti-non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) lead compound, the 3,4-diisobutyryl derivative of auxarthrol A, uncovering dynein light intermediate chain 1 as a druggable vulnerability and a key regulator of autophagy in NSCLC.

In this work, authors present a biohybrid delivery system aimed at overcoming low oral bioavailability and antibiotic-induced dysbiosis by enabling efficient antibiotic transport in the proximal small intestine.

Prostate cancer diagnosis require MRI analysis, however, scoring can vary between clinicians. Here, the authors develop ProAI to detect prostate cancer from imaging.

A solution-based lithography-assisted epitaxial-growth-and-transfer method is used to fabricate single-crystal hybrid perovskites on any surface, with precise control of the thickness, area and chemical composition gradient.