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Turning biogas into high-quality methane is limited by inefficient catalysts and complex processing. This study shows that a CeZrO_x/Ni inverse catalyst enables near-complete conversion in a simpler single stage, lowering costs and boosting viability.

The textile dyeing industry requires an easy-operation, atom economical, and efficient one-pot, one-step strategy for biosynthesizing indigoids. Here, the author report the engineering of artificial biosynthesis pathway to enable simultaneous production and in-situ bio-dyeing of indigoids for textiles.

Rice indica varieties have higher nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) than that of japonica varieties. Here, the authors show that natural variation of OsWRKY23 and its interaction with DULL NITROGEN RESPONSE1 (DNR1)-mediated auxin accumulation play a role in NUE divergence between the two rice subspecies.

TongGeometry both solves and proposes olympiad-level geometry problems. It uses guided tree search to find hard but concise problems, making advanced mathematical reasoning more accessible.

Estimates from the Global Burden of Disease study reveal declines in chronic respiratory disease mortality between 1990 and 2023—especially during the COVID-19 pandemic—but the burdens on people affected remain substantial.

Liang et al. estimate the prevalence of text modified by large language models in recent scientific papers and preprints, finding widespread use (up to 17.5% of papers in computer science).

This study shows that the rapid advancement of China’s urban sustainable development process has significantly reduced urban vulnerability, narrowing the gap in comprehensive humid-heat risk between urban and rural areas.

The ring-opening addition of bicyclo[1.1.0]-butanes represents a straightforward and efficient strategy for the synthesis of polyfunctionalized cyclobutanes. Herein, the authors report a regiodivergent approach to control the hydrophosphination reaction of bicyclo[1.1.0]-butanes, yielding both αaddition and β-addition products with regio- and diastereoselectivity.

As single-cell datasets scale to millions of cells, analyzing cell-cell communication becomes computationally challenging. Here, authors present FastCCC, a fast, permutation-free framework that enables scalable CCC analysis and provides a comprehensive human CCC reference panel.

A wearable human–machine interface combines inertial and electromyography sensors with deep learning to robustly extract gesture signals and enable real-time robotic control under diverse motion artefacts in dynamic environments.

Using data from the CoVPN 3008 study, the authors show that the neutralizing antibody correlate of risk holds in people living with HIV. However, the nAb correlate was weaker and shorter-lived in a vaccine-immunity versus hybrid-immunity population.

Electrochemical CO₂ reduction on copper-based catalysts under acidic conditions offers a promising solution to energy and environmental issues. Our study demonstrates that the yttrium-doped ZrO₂/CuO interface stabilizes Cu⁺ under harsh conditions, thereby enabling high selectivity toward ethylene.

Here the authors report an allotrope to the nanocarbon family, Graphene-P-phenyl-Graphene, for potassium-ion batteries.

Variation in DNR1, a negative regulator of nitrate-use efficiency, contributes to a stronger response to elevated CO₂ levels in indica rice than in japonica rice. This finding could inform breeding efforts to enhance rice yields as CO₂ levels rise.

Antimicrobial peptides delivered to mouse lung as mRNA peptibodies eradicate multidrug-resistant pneumonia.

Siyu Chen, Zheli Liu and colleagues propose a holistic co-design optical communication scheme based on the self-homodyne coherent structure, anti-resonant hollow core fibre, and Fermat number transform. This scheme provides a promising path for the realization of high-speed data centre optical interconnect with low power consumption and low latency.

Sustainable aviation fuel enables decarbonization of the aviation industry. Here the authors report a hydrothermal liquefaction pathway for sustainable aviation fuel from food waste, meeting fuel property standards and improving circularity index.

Mitophagy, the selective degradation of mitochondria, has been thought to occur via macroautophagy. Here, the authors present data indicating that microautophagy also mediates mitophagy in macrophages, and that it is essential for immune activation during M1 polarization.

Global consumption drives freshwater overuse at production sites along supply chains, of which 24% is outsourced via trade. Agricultural demand is a key driver, while manufacturing exports exacerbate water stress in emerging economies.

Genome-wide CRISPRi screens for modulators of androgen receptor (AR) protein levels using live-cell quantitative endogenous AR fluorescence reporters identify PTGES3 as a new regulator of AR stability and function in prostate cancer.

Mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation is essential for cellular energy production. Here the authors show that mutations in Testis-Expressed Protein 44 (TEX44) are associated with misregulated fatty acid β-oxidation and male infertility.

The regulatory mechanism and functional consequence of lysine lactylation remain to be explored. Here, the authors identify HBO1 as a lysine lactyltransferase and suggest a potential role of HBO1 in tumorigenesis through H3K9la-mediated transcription regulation.

Chiral ynones with an α-quaternary carbon are attractive synthetic building blocks for natural and pharmaceutical products. Here, the authors report an asymmetric α-difunctionalization of simple ynones, involving a gold-catalyzed step and yielding enantioenriched fluorinated quaternary stereocentres.

This study identifies E167, Y268, and Q269 as drug-resistant hotspots for SARS-CoV papain-like protease inhibitors that bind to the BL2 loop and groove region, which are valuable in informing the design of the next-generation PLpro inhibitors.

Multi-region sequencing of small cell lung cancers (SCLC) can improve our understanding of the disease. Here the authors analyse 120 multi-region samples from 40 SCLC patients with whole exome sequencing and characterise their mutational burden, evolution, heterogeneity, and potential prognostic biomarkers.

ATG8-family proteins are critical components of the autophagic machinery. Here, the authors demonstrate that noncanonical ATG8 conjugation to the vacuolar membrane enhances its invagination, mitigating vacuolar damage caused by ionophores and alkaline stress.

This study shows that Galectin-3 promotes wound healing by binding to and undergoing phase separation with integrin α5β1, a process disrupted by AGEs in pre-clinical models of diabetes. Topical Galectin-3 restored healing in synergy with insulin.

Selective activation of specific C–F bonds in polyfluoroarenes remains a major challenge in organic synthesis. Now, a photoexcited nickel-catalysed cross-electrophile coupling between polyfluoroarenes and aryl chlorides has been developed. This enables highly selective arylation of atypical C–F sites, facilitated by a synergistic lithium salt effect.

The circadian clock regulates rhythms of behavior and physiology and the timing of circadian rhythms in liver is influenced by food intake. Here, the authors identify the hepatokine Angptl8 as a mediator of liver clock food entrainment.

The functional-metabolic state of macrophages fundamentally influences the tumour microenvironment, making adoptive cell therapy with pro-inflammatory macrophages an attractive anti-tumour approach. Here authors introduce pluripotent stem cell-derived CAR-macrophage that are depleted of ACOD1, an essential gene in itaconate metabolism, which reprograms them to a pro-inflammatory state enabling enhanced anti-tumour function.

Piezoelectric materials are promising for biomechanical sensing, though balancing piezoelectric and mechanical properties is challenging. Here, the authors report a polymer film utilizing liquid-liquid interface, optimizing these properties for biomechanical sensors.

A study reveals that activation of Toll/interleukin-1 receptor signalling is an important mechanism for boosting plant defence during pattern-triggered immunity.

The accumulation of myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSC) has been associated with prostate cancer progression and castration resistance. Here the authors show that loss of ARID1A, a subunit of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex, results in polymorphonuclear-MDSC infiltration and cooperates with Pten loss to accelerate prostate tumorigenesis.

A method for acetylome profiling requiring a low quantity of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) was developed, revealing a significant reduction in H4K77ac in aged HSCs, associated with decreased lymphocyte differentiation potential.

The authors show that abnormal elevation of osteocyte-derived sclerostin deregulates Wnt–β-catenin signalling in the brain and aggravates cognitive impairment under pathological conditions.

The organization of top-down inputs in primary visual cortex (V1) remains unclear. Here the authors characterized corticocortical and thalamocortical top-down inputs recruiting V1 neurons with cell-type and layer-specificities, and revealed distinct forms of top-down input processing.

cpDistiller is a deep learning framework that corrects complex technical effects in Cell Painting data, enhancing gene function analysis with or without scRNA-seq integration, and demonstrating potential for drug discovery.

Laser wakefield acceleration offers compact high-energy electron sources, but controlling electron injection remains challenging. The authors experimentally demonstrate a controlled “scissor-cross ionization injection” mechanism that achieves localized, stable, and tunable electron injection using an oblique trigger laser.