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The highest-quality JWST spectra reveal that little red dots are young supermassive black holes shrouded in dense cocoons of ionized gas, where electron scattering, not Doppler motions, broadens their spectral lines.

This study detects Chlamydia pneumoniae in human retina and brain, increasing with AD severity. Retinal pathogen load with Aβ₄₂ may predict AD stage. In models, infection drives Aβ deposition and NLRP3 activation, worsening pathology and cognition.

Kinematic measurements of the Perseus galaxy cluster reveal two drivers of gas motions: a small-scale driver in the inner core associated with black-hole feedback and a large-scale driver in the outer core powered by mergers.

This study finds that cell segmentation errors affect numerous downstream applications of spatial transcriptomics data and provides a method to correct these errors by factorizing molecular neighborhoods.

Vassy, Dornisch and colleagues developed a genomics-based prostate cancer risk model to support a randomized clinical trial of precision screening in a national healthcare system.

Climate change can alter when and how animals grow, breed, and migrate, but it is unclear whether this allows populations to persist. This global study shows that shifts in seasonal timing are key to helping vertebrate species maintain population growth under global warming.

A technique called condense-seq has been developed to measure nucleosome condensability and used to show that mononucleosomes contain sufficient information to condense into large-scale compartments without requiring any external factors.

The two-dimensional atomic layers of black phosphorus may be exfoliated to create devices with desirable electronic transport properties. Here, the authors observe two-dimensional quantum transport in black phosphorus quantum wells, protected from oxidation by encapsulation in a polymer layer.

Here the authors present NCATS-SM0225, a small molecule that inhibits ERAD and selectively kills cancer cells by binding VDACs, disrupting calcium homeostasis, and triggering the PERK-STIM1 pathway to degrade ERAD regulators.

Cryo-electron microscopy structures of three large ornate natural bacterial RNA molecules reveal their quaternary structures and intra- and intermolecular interactions that stabilize them.

Genomic and transcriptomic analysis of samples from patients with multiple myeloma, followed by in vitro validation, indicate mechanisms of antigen escape in response to GPRC5D T cell-engager talquetamab, including biallelic deletions, small nucleotide variants, insertion-deletions and chromatin silencing.

Fluorescence microscopy during CryoFIB milling produces an interferogram that can be used to direct lamella production to labeled structures with accuracy beyond the axial diffraction limit. The approach relies only on real-time feedback from the structure, requiring no image registration.

The zebra finch robust nucleus of the arcopallium (RA) directs singing by providing descending projections to brainstem motor neurons. The authors show that electrophysiological characteristics of RA neurons rely on resurgent Na+ currents that emerge early during song development only in males.

Wide-bandgap perovskite solar cells suffer from instability under rapid thermal cycling. Here, Sun et al. investigate the degradation mechanism, showing that temperature-induced structural strain, phase transition, and increased non-radiative defects drive the degradation processes.

Coherent spin waves—quantized into magnons—can be emitted as Cherenkov radiation, but their experimental realization is hindered by the lack of fast-moving magnetic perturbations. Now, a picosecond strain pulse is shown to induce this effect.

In this study, the authors present optimization and efficacy testing of apolipoprotein-based lipid nanoparticles for delivering various nucleic acid therapeutics in vivo to immune cells and their progenitors in the bone marrow.

Each valley of the mini-Brillouin zone ("mini valley") of twisted bilayer graphene (TBG) contains two Dirac cones that hybridize to form flat bands. Theory predicts that these two Dirac cones have the same chirality, leading to topological obstruction. Here, the authors confirm this prediction experimentally.

Discovery proteomics offers deep insights but is currently not applied clinically in diagnostics. Here, the authors present ADAPT-MS, a flexible machine learning framework that enables fast, personalized diagnostic and prognostic decisions directly from proteome-wide data.

Efficient acidic CO₂ reduction to HCOOH at high current density faces challenges of high overpotential, low Faraday efficiency, and poor stability. This study optimizes these three key metrics by modulating soft acid strength through interstitial atoms.

Ferromagnetic semiconductors that have the critical properties of semiconductors and ferromagnetism at room temperature have so far proven elusive. Here, by doping black phosphorus with Cobalt, Fu, Qu, Hou, Chang and coauthors induce ferromagnetism that persists up to room temperature, all while maintaining black phosphorus’ semiconducting properties.

Early life RSV infection contributes to risk of childhood asthma. Here, the authors develop a statistical model to predict age at first RSV infection in the United States based on birthdate, demographics, and RSV surveillance data which could be used to identify groups at risk of chronic respiratory sequalae like asthma.

High-pressure measurements of the electrical conductivity of (Mg,Fe)O, used as an analogue for basal magma ocean material, indicate that the conductivity is high enough to produce a dynamo much stronger than a core-driven dynamo for super-Earths larger than 3–6 Earth masses.

Insects are crucial for ecosystem functioning but face multiple threats, including invasive alien species. Here the authors quantify impacts of invasive alien species on four insect orders, with effects varying by insect group and type of invader.

T-cell–mediated rejection (TCMR) remains a major cause of kidney transplant failure with incompletely understood mechanisms. Here the authors use single-nucleus RNA sequencing, spatial transcriptomics and immunofluorescence to show that injured kidney epithelial cell states associate with poor transplant outcomes after T-cell–mediated rejection.

Here they demonstrate a therapeutic intervention elevating levels of CYP450-derived lipids to control the expansion of intermediate monocytes in tissue and peripheral blood, presenting a first in class therapeutic approach for treating chronic inflammatory disease.

This study examines long-term changes in species richness across tropical forests in the Andes and Amazon. Hotter, drier and more seasonal forests in the eastern and southern Amazon are losing species, while Northern Andean forests are accumulating species, acting as a refuge for climate-displaced species.

A method to coherently manipulate excitons and perform all-optical logic operations using the valley degree of freedom in monolayer WS₂ is discussed.

Phylogenetic regression and structural equation modelling of environmental, social and life history traits across the primate clade indicates correlates for same-sex sexual behaviour (SSB), and suggests that while environmental and life history traits tend to influence SSB indirectly, social complexity directly promotes its occurrence.

Using chemical photoswitchable reagents to exert purely wavelength-dependent control over biological systems in deep tissue and in vivo requires a concentration-independent design paradigm. Here, such photoswitchable ligands are realized by ensuring that E/Z isomers have opposing efficacies yet similarly high affinity, allowing them to probe transient receptor potential C4 and C5 channel functions up to the tissue level.

Rathmell and colleagues show that metabolic reprograming of regulatory T cells is associated with severity of critical illness in patients with and without sepsis.

Neonatal brain injury from intermittent hypoxemia increases fatty acid oxidation and causes long-term changes in hippocampal lipid profile. Here authors demonstrate oral treatment with glycerol-triacetate restores lipid fatty acid profile and promotes functional recovery.

The size distributions of Kuiper Belt objects hold clues to their origin. Here, the authors show that common formation processes followed by early dynamical evolution explain the observed features in both the hot and cold populations.

The authors study pseudogap in electron-doped cuprates by computing the fermionic self energy beyond Eliashberg approximation. They show that recent experiments are consistent with the idea that pseudogap behavior is caused by thermal antiferromagnetic fluctuations with no Fermi-surface reconstruction.

In this study, the authors model the current mechanical properties of the seafloor of Jupiter’s icy moon Europa, and find those rocks to be too strong to allow the kind of fracturing that, on Earth, enables rock–water chemical reactions on which chemosynthetic life relies.

Tree buds integrate cold and warm cues to control dormancy release. Extended warm periods block plasmodesmata opening by repressing Flowering Locus T and GA pathways in buds. This mechanism ensures robust temporal regulation of dormancy release.

Nanoporous metals offer the potential for tunability of electronic and optical properties. Here, the authors combine experimental studies and theoretical modeling to explore how nanoporous morphology shapes the intraband and interband contributions to the optical response of gold.

A single ultrashort pulse from X-ray free-electron laser is shown to produce a submicron, with >1,000 length-to-diameter aspect ratio long channel in solid material. The results open a new avenue for development of artificial nanofluidic devices with confinement down to the molecular level.

Radiation reaction (RR) on particles in strong fields is the subject of intense experimental research, but previous efforts lacked statistical significance due to the extreme regimes required. Here, the authors report a 5σ observation of RR and obtain strong, quantitative evidence favouring quantum models over classical, using an all-optical setup where electrons are accelerated by a laser in a gas jet before colliding with a second, intense pulse.

The study analyses data from NASA’s MMS mission to examine electromagnetic fluctuations in the electron diffusion region of Earth’s magnetotail offering insights into the link between reconnection and turbulence. It finds that electromagnetic anomalous viscosity supplies, at times, around 20% of the reconnection electric field.

A combination of biochemical, cell biological and electron microscopy analyses reveal a ‘nucleotide code’ that coordinates Lis1–dynein binding stoichiometry, which in turn governs Lis1’s ability to relieve dynein autoinhibition.

Selecting for varieties of commercial crops with enhanced nutritional quality is important in agriculture. Here, the authors identify alleles of a gene in tomatoes that give rise to increased levels of vitamin E and find that the promoter of the gene is differentially methylated.

This study elucidates nanoscopic strain evolution in single-crystal Ni-rich positive electrodes, demonstrating that mechanical failure results from lattice distortions, and redefines the roles of cobalt and manganese in battery cycling stability.

Murphy et al. reveal a unifying pathogenetic mechanism according to which diverse mutations in the muscle-specific ribosomal protein RPL3L cause severe neonatal dilated cardiomyopathy, establishing a framework for interpreting the growing spectrum of RPL3L variants.

Engineering polymerases to synthesize alternative genetic polymers remains a challenging problem in synthetic biology. The current study offers insights into the structural and biochemical changes responsible for improving the fidelity and catalytic activity of a laboratory evolved TNA polymerase.

Genomic analyses of DNA from modern individuals show that, about 800 years ago, pre-European contact occurred between Polynesian individuals and Native American individuals from near present-day Colombia, while remote Pacific islands were still being settled.

Using globally consistent measurements and high-resolution modelling, this study finds that black carbon emissions are generally underestimated in the Global South.

The structure and functioning of soil food webs between biomes remains unknown. Here, tropical soil food webs are shown to have higher energy flux, predation and herbivory than temperate soil food webs which are based on litter and microbial biomass.

Genetic mapping in mice identified Homer1a as a key modifier of attention. Developmental downregulation in the prefrontal cortex enhances inhibitory tone, neural signal to noise and adult attentional performance, revealing a new control mechanism and target.