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High yield and wide adaptation rice are crucial for grain supply and food security. Here the authors report OsPI4Kγ7 which contributes to different “adaptability-yield” trade-offs in japonica and indica, and provides an alternative breeding strategy for raising grain yield in different latitudes.

The molecular heterogeneity of brain metastases (BrMs) poses challenges for their treatment. Here, the authors generate a multi-omic, single cell, and spatially resolved atlas of 1,032 pan-cancer BrMs and identify four molecular subtypes with distinct biological and clinical features.

Natural variation in the promoter of OsTPS8 contributes to differences in grain chalkiness and seed vigor between indica and japonica rice subspecies by altering trehalose-6-phosphate biosynthesis and α-amylase levels.

This study reveals a mechanism where humidity-driven dynamic coordination between iodide ions and iodine molecules enables sustained oscillatory ion migration, providing a robust solution for continuous ambient energy harvesting

Intracellular pathogens such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis can promote their survival within infected cells by preventing lysosomal acidification. Here, the authors show that M. tuberculosis secretes a protein that promotes phosphorylation of a subunit of the host vacuolar ATPase, thus inhibiting V-ATPase assembly and lysosomal acidification.

Functional-group translocation allows modification of molecular architectures and functional group positions, but methodologies capable of achieving precise stereocontrol during such migrations are limited. Here, the authors present a photoenzymatic strategy for cyano translocation that achieves precise stereocontrol.

Yin et al. report linear conjugated polymer donors with chlorinated backbone for modulating polymer aggregation and surface tension, and optimised compatibility with norfullerene acceptors. By using binary blends, a 20.42% efficiency is achieved for organic solar cells.

Liu et al. report Chinese normative lifespan brain charts showing later neurodevelopmental milestones than those detected in Western cohorts. Individual deviations from these norms are valuable in assessing clinical risk and outcomes.

Seed size plays an important role in determining soybean yield. Here, the authors report GmSW17, encoding a homolog of Arabidopsis UBP22 that plays a role in deubiquitination, as a positive regulator of soybean seed width and seed weight through inhibition of the G1-to-S transition by interacting with GmSGF11 and GmENY2.

Yang et al. introduce a unified framework for liquid electrolyte design, integrating a forward predictive model with an inverse generative approach, where three generated high-conductivity candidates were identified and experimentally validated.

Parasitoid wasps are reared and released as biocontrol agents to manage aphids and protect crops. Here, the authors use genomes from 542 wasps to show that, in spite of wide scale release of low-diversity captive individuals, diversity in wild populations is maintained.

Shoot branching is critical in determining soybean yield. Here, the authors report natural variation of Dt2 in controlling soybean branching number and the interaction of Dt2 with GmAgl22 and GmSoc1a to activate transcription of GmAp1a and GmAp1d.

Optical switching of a moiré Chern ferromagnet is demonstrated in twisted molybdenum ditelluride bilayers using continuous-wave circularly polarized light, paving the way for dissipationless spintronics and quantized Chern junction devices.

Globalized production and the rise of e-commerce have intensified urban freight activity, amplifying environmental impacts and raising equity concerns. This study examines freight-related emissions at the city level across the USA, uncovering two key factors driving disparities in emissions burdens.

Genetic basis of the drought tolerance of upland rice is unclear. Here, the authors report the cloning of a COBRA-like protein encoding gene DROT1 and reveal that it is repressed by ERF3 and activated by ERF71 to help control the balance between growth and drought tolerance in upland rice.

This study investigates the HCoV-HKU1 RBD-TMPRSS2 interaction, identifying two antibody types: one that blocks RBD-TMPRSS2 binding, while the other inhibits TMPRSS2, showing broad anti-coronavirus potential.

The CorA-associated type III-B CRISPR–Cas system synthesizes S-adenosyl methionine (SAM)-AMP, triggering immune responses. Through structural characterization and biochemical validation, Duan and Jin et al. unveil unique mechanisms for SAM-AMP synthesis and degradation and provide insights into the molecular basis of type III CRISPR–Cas signaling.

Identifying jets originating from heavy quarks plays a fundamental role in hadronic collider experiments. In this work, the ATLAS Collaboration describes and tests a transformer-based neural network architecture for jet flavour tagging based on low-level input and physics-inspired constraints.

This work introduces synthetic gain to electron-beam spectroscopy, greatly enhancing spectral resolution and revealing hidden features, enabling advances in nanoscale analysis and free electron-based quantum optics under challenging signal conditions.

Interrupting the copper-catalysed azide–alkyne cycloaddition has emerged as a strategy to broaden the scope of these transformations. Here, the autuors intercepts a copper triazolide intermediate with a cyclic diaryliodonium reagent, enabling a three-component coupling of the cyclic diaryliodonium species, an alkyne, and an azide under atroposelective control.

How the vascular endothelial cells support the functional adaptation of pancreatic islets under obesity-associated metabolic stress is poorly understood. Here, the authors show that the ER stress sensor IRE1α employs its RNase activity to play an important regulatory role in this process.

Researchers have resolved cryo-EM structures of the bacterial TamAB machinery in two distinct states: a non-hybrid and a novel hybrid barrel. These structures suggest each state enables a distinct function, facilitating outer membrane protein folding and phospholipid transport, respectively.

Jahn-Teller distortions alter molecular structures, but are usually only probed on the basis of electronic signatures. Here, the authors demonstrate that tip-enhanced Raman imaging in real space can map the associated vibrational changes in a single molecule.

Wu and colleagues present the efficacy and safety results from the phase 3 SCORES trial evaluating suvemcitug plus chemotherapy in persons with platinum-refractory or resistant recurrent ovarian cancer.

Agricultural irrigation is energy intensive and a key source of carbon emissions. This study shows that aligning irrigation schedules with renewable energy availability can cut emissions, ease grid load and use surplus clean power. Using China as a case study, it demonstrates a scalable, low-carbon strategy that maintains crop productivity while supporting the energy transition.

The authors show that NAT10 is upregulated with T cell antigen receptor signaling and that T cell-specific NAT10 deficiency results in diminished numbers of naive T cells, translating to an inability to mount a significant antiviral T cell response.

Zhang et al. report a strategy of using short chain ligands to simultaneously manipulate the charge transfer dynamics and stabilize the lead bromide octahedra of quasi-2D pure-bromide perovskites, enabling pure-blue LEDs with efficiency of 16.3% and extending the operational lifetime up to 393 mins.

It is unclear how early-life urbanicity influences adult neurobehavioral traits. This study reveals that earlier menarche mediates the relationship between early-life urbanicity and adult neurobehavioral traits associated with mental disorders.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) shows immunotherapy resistance and has limited treatment options. Here the authors show that arachidonic acid, a ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid, can induce pyroptosis and enhace anti-PD-1 therapy in an immunocompetent PDAC model.

A cross-ancestry GWAS meta-analyses of brainstem structures identify 713 associations. It reveals shared/distinct genetic architectures across ancestries/substructures and overlaps with neuropsychiatric disorders and physiological functions.

cellSTAAR advances noncoding rare variant association analysis by integrating single-cell genomics data.

FcγRIIb captures its ligand and targets it to lysosomal degradation following endocytosis. Here authors design bispecific-antibody-like molecules they call FcγRIIb-targeting chimeras or FcRTACs, to capture antigens with one arm and degrade them via an FcγRIIb-binding second arm to promote the clearance of pathological protein aggregates.

This study reports that the gene SMPED1, located in a previously identified dichogamy-determining region in Alpinia species, controls the timing of sex-organ synchrony, improving our understanding of the evolutionary mechanisms of plant sexual diversity.

‘Ultrathin’ gold interlayers are shown to form nanoparticles that balance optical losses and electrical contact, enabling efficient perovskite–perovskite integration for scalable and durable triple-junction photovoltaics.

Twisted-stacking MOF patterns with high g_lum (~ 0.4) and tailorable CPL performance by the combination of brush coating, heteroepitaxial growth and twisted-stacking techniques were developed, favoring the application in information encryption.

Photonic time crystals provide a time equivalent to standard spatial crystals. Here, authors observe wave amplification induced by the time modulation and provide experimental proof of a nontrivial temporal topology in the middle of a momentum bandgap.

This study identifies 245 genetic loci associated with head-to-body ratios using 38,202 bone density scan images from the UK Biobank, revealing genetic links to skeletal and brain development, disease susceptibility, and human evolutionary adaptation.

Terpenoids bearing carbon skeletons derived from nonisoprene units are rare and considered noncanonical. Now, a genome-mining study has uncovered previously unknown noncanonical C₁₆ terpenes and their biosynthetic pathways from bacteria. The findings suggest that noncanonical terpenoids are diverse and widespread in nature.

Some pathogens manipulate host ferroptosis, a type of programmed cell death, for pathogenesis. Here, the authors show that Pseudomonas aeruginosa uses a quorum sensing metabolite to induce ferroptosis in macrophages through a methylation pathway.

High-temperature, ultrathin, and high-performance microwave absorption is realized in the dual-layer structure with rare earth zirconate ceramics via electron delocalization-mediated thermionic migration and macroscopic interfacial resonance.

This study uses a customized metasurface to unveil a distinct parity Hall effect in degenerate optical vectorial modes. This work realizes the advances in meta-devices and showcases new possibilities for manipulating optical fields based on parity.

Artatrovirenols A and B are two natural sesquiterpenoids with a complex tetracyclic backbone, and their chemical total synthesis is challenging. Here, the authors report a concise synthesis of artatrovirenols A and B in 9 and 8 steps, respectively, featuring a bioinspired [4 + 2] cycloaddition reaction to construct the tetracyclic core.

Metastatic cancer cells rely on metabolic flexibility to survive. Here, the authors show that metastatic breast cancer cells use lactate for mitochondrial oxidation via the CD147/MCT1/LDHB complex to sustain stemness and promote metastasis.