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Multipolarons provide a potential platform for manipulating electrons. Here, the authors demonstrate the creation and manipulation of multipolarons in CrBr₃ via the tip of a scanning tunneling microscope.

The antiangiogenic agent apatinib has been shown to clinically improve responses to immune checkpoint inhibitors in several cancer types. Here the authors report the results of a phase II clinical trial of camrelizumab (anti-PD1) and apatinib plus induction chemotherapy and concurrent chemoradiotherapy in stage N3 nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Liang and colleagues show that the ORF45 protein from the Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus activates NLRP1 by binding to its Linker1 region through a mechanism distinct from the previously described, host protease DPP9-dependent mechanism of NLRP1 activation.

The use of biomarkers of ageing is crucial for investigating age-related processes. This Review discusses biomarkers of ageing and of ageing-associated physiological changes, at the cellular, tissue and organism levels in humans and non-human primates.

An asymmetric self-assembled monolayer improves the efficiency of perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells compared with symmetric self-assembled monolayers, resulting in a certified power conversion efficiency of up to 34.58%.

The role of the tumor microenvironment in immunotherapy response in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma remains unclear. Here, single cell RNA and TCR sequencing of samples before and after immunotherapy highlights the role of CD8 T-cell status conversion and exhaustion induced by Macro CD5L+ in treatment response.

Neoadjuvant cancer therapeutic strategy has been explored in phase I/II clinical studies for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Here this group reports a single-arm, phase II clinical trial evaluating the neoadjuvant radiotherapy plus PD-1 inhibitor tislelizumab combined with paclitaxel and cisplatin, followed by radical surgical resection on 28 patients with untreated stage III-IVB head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Previous ophthalmic foundation models have struggled to generalize effectively to diverse and rare fundus diseases, restricting their clinical applicability. Here, the authors introduce a vision-language foundation model that demonstrates superior performance in diagnosing both common and rare fundus conditions.

The interaction of terahertz (THz) waves with condensed matter materials is utilised to investigate the low-energy electronic behaviours and topological properties near the equilibrium state, for example, transport characteristics of topological semimetals. Here, the THz longitudinal conductivities of high-quality Mn₃Sn epitaxial thin films are anisotropic along different crystal orientations with carrier localization behavior, which are well described by the Drude-Smith model.

Desmodium styracifolium Polysaccharides attenuate nephrolithiasis-induced renal fibrosis by inhibiting CaOx deposition, delaying EMT, and suppressing TGF-β/Smad signaling, highlighting their potential as anti-fibrotic agents.

Migratory alkene isomerizations and cross-coupling reactions are both possible under nickel catalysis, but usually require different conditions. Here the authors show a combined protocol to isomerize a double bond and then, via an in-situ exchange of ligands, perform an enantioselective C(sp2)–C(sp3) cross-coupling.

Mechanistic understanding of cancer drug resistance is often fragmented. Here, the authors use the proteome-wide Cellular Thermal Shift Assay, revealing drug-induced resistance responses encompassing activation of translation synthesis and a protein ensemble labelled the Auxiliary DNA Damage Repair.

Conversion electrodes with fast charging capability and extended lifespan remains challenging. Here, authors developed Cu_0.88Sn_0.02Sb_0.02Bi_0.02Mn_0.02S_0.9Se_0.1 with entropy-driven fast-charging capability as negative electrode for sodium-ion batteries, enabling fast charging up to 100 A g⁻¹.

Methotrexate-loaded tumour-cell-derived microvesicles induce neutrophil-mediated antitumour activity and can relieve biliary obstructions in patients with extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

Socioeconomic status is multidimensional and can change over time. Xu, Lui, Ji et al. found dimension-specific, late-stage-specific and change-specific socioeconomic effects on brain, cognition, personality and emotion.

In situ methods for water quality monitoring is crucial for global water use and management, though many conventional sensors have slow response time and are non-recyclable. Here, the authors report a recyclable amphiphobic dielectric material for fast monitoring of water pollutants.

Worldwide, the number of only-child families is increasing. This research examines how growing up without siblings affects adult brain structure, function and connectivity, cognition, personality and mental health.

Topological surface states in lead-doped tin selenide are assumed to arise from massive Dirac states in the bulk, but this has not been demonstrated to date. Using thermoelectric transport measurements, Liang et al.now close this gap, and further show a sign anomaly in the Nernst signal due to band inversion.

The NINJ1 protein regulates plasma membrane rupture by altering membrane biomechanical properties, independent of cell death programs.

The gut-microbiota-derived aromatic amino acid metabolite 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid (4HPAA) and its analogues have been shown to protect against obesity. In mice, 4HPAA exerts anti-obesogenic effects by modulating mucosal immunity and lipid uptake in the intestine.

The performance of inorganic, wide-bandgap perovskite solar cells is hindered by unsuitable electron transport layers. Han et al. design an acidic magnesium-doped tin oxide quantum dot layer, improving efficiency and stability in single-junction and tandem cells.

The Einstein Probe has discovered a fast X-ray transient, EP240414a, associated with a broad-lined type Ic supernova. Its unusually soft spectrum and weak jet add to the diversity of stellar deaths and suggest a previously unknown Wolf–Rayet star explosion mechanism.

Platinum-based therapies are a key component of colorectal cancer therapy, but patients often become resistant. Here, the authors identify a non-canonical function of glutamate-cysteine ligase modifier (GCLM) wherein its nuclear translocation increases NF-κB activity promoting resistance to platinum-based chemotherapy in colorectal cancer.

The tumour microenvironment features influencing response to neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy (nICT) in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remain to be explored. Here, single cell and TCR sequencing on pre- and post- nICT treatment ESCC tissues identifies the presence of CXCL13⁺CD8⁺ T cells as a predictor of improved response and the enrichment of TNFRSF4⁺CD4⁺ Tregs as a marker of treatment resistance.

VPS33B interacts with NESG1 to modulate EGFR/PI3K/AKT/c-Myc/P53/miR-133a-3p signaling and induce 5-Fluorouracil sensitivity in nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and VPS33B was inhibited by LMP-1 and nicotine.

Carbon aerogels are generally fragile and tend to collapse under large compressive strain. Here, the authors demonstrate that the mechanical strength, elasticity, and fatigue resistance can be improved by fabricating aerogels with interconnected carbon tubes.

Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is the most common type of inherited retinal dystrophy without effective treatments. Here, authors apply prime editing (PE) system to correct the point mutation in a preclinical RP mouse model. In vivo treatment achieves genome editing and restores mice vision.

The genomic epidemiology of Acinetobacter baumannii, which is rising in virulence and multidrug resistance, was explored. This study examined bloodstream infection isolates from Chinese patients in 2011–2021, revealing increased genetic diversity and dominance of highly virulent ST208.

Understanding and exploiting the redox properties of uranium is of great importance but stabilizing both low and high valent uranium ions in a preserved ligand environment remains challenging. Here, the authors report the synthesis and characterisation of a series of uranium(II–VI) complexes supported by a tripodal tris(amido)arene ligand.

The mechanisms underlying optimal transcriptional activation remain elusive. Here, the authors show that CRISPR-SunTag activators form liquid-like droplets and boost gene expression, while increased SunTag scaffolds creates solid-like condensates that sequester coactivators, impairing activation.

The authors introduce SelectID, an approach combining CRISPR-guided targeting with methylation-sensitive labeling to identify proteins interacting with methylated repetitive sequences. They suggest that CHD4 directly binds young LINE-1 retrotransposons, suppressing their activity.

Methods for the enantioconvergent tertiary C–H functionalization are scarce, but desired for the construction of valuable compounds. Now, a highly enantioconvergent tertiary β-C(sp³)–H amination of racemic ketones with copper/chiral phosphoric acid dual catalysis is reported.

The authors present a 3.5-million-year-long pollen record from the Zoige Basin of the eastern Tibetan Plateau, 3,442 m above sea level. The ~5,000 pollen assemblages retrieved from the core reveal many ecosystem transitions during this time and, when correlated with climatic curves, indicate what effects future warming may have on regional vegetation.

Radiotherapy induces expression of the EGFR ligand amphiregulin, which promotes metastasis growth at remote sites in mouse models and human patients by shifting myeloid cells towards an immunosuppressive state.

The Dark sectioning algorithm removes the background and provides single-frame optical sectioning in fluorescence microscopy. It offers improved quantitative analysis and deep-tissue segmentation accuracy and is compatible to diverse modalities.