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Yang et al. apply high-throughput structure probing approaches to characterize the secondary structure throughout the SARS-CoV-2 WT and VOC genomes, uncovering an ultra-long-range RNA-RNA interaction that directly binds ADAR1 to promote viral fitness.

This study provides a cellular atlas of A. annua glandular trichomes using single-nucleus and spatial transcriptomics. It defines three developmental states and identifies hundreds of hub genes for trichome morphogenesis and artemisinin synthesis.

Construction of chiral nanostructures is impeded by the entropic barrier of dissymmetric blocks. Here, the authors report a dynamic assembly/disassembly strategy to yield single-unit organometallic helices for enantioselective amyloid inhibition.

Crosstalk between the brain and CLNs is critical in brain pathologies. Here, the authors show in a mouse model that extravasated erythrocytes following SAH are degraded by cathepsin S of medullary LECs in CLNs, which plays an important role in SAH pathology.

CRISPR-based diagnostics are often limited by complex workflows and poor validation. Here the authors develop and validate a one-pot asymmetric CRISPR assay, which permits rapid and sensitive diagnosis of tuberculosis in a format which is suitable for resource-limited settings.

The authors significantly enhance the high-temperature energy storage performance of bismuth sodium titanate-based relaxor ferroelectric multilayer ceramic capacitors via entropy modulated strain heterogeneity.

Orthogonal chimeric receptors containing intracellular domains for IL-4R, IL-20R, IL-22R and GCSFR reprogram T cells to promote distinct natural and synthetic cell states with functional and therapeutic implications.

Hexopyranose cleavage is a crucial step in carbon metabolism. Here the authors report the discovery and characterization of metalloenzyme Art22, which is involved in the sugar moiety modification of aurantinin B, an antibacterial agent from Bacillus.

This study provides a single-cell and spatial atlas of the prometastatic tumor microenvironment in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and characterizes the immunosuppressive function of GPR116⁺ pericytes in cancer metastasis and immune evasion.

Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 continue to evolve 6 to 12 months after infection in patients who have recovered from COVID-19, increasing in potency and breadth with time.

A fresh approach to protein design that incorporates excited intermediate states enables precise control over the lifetime of protein interactions, with potential applications in cell-signalling modulation and in biosensors and synthetic circuits.

Molecular-dynamics-simulation-guided evolution of flavoenzymes produces efficient catalysts for non-C₂-symmetric biaryl synthesis with excellent atroposelectivity, offering promise for natural product synthesis and pharmaceutical applications.

Photoelectrocatalysis often relies on covalent electrode-reactant interactions. Here, the authors report that non-covalent interactions at Cu complexes/BiVO₄ interfaces enable rapid charge transfer, directly generating N-centered radicals from inert N−H bonds for scalable hydrazine synthesis.

Baizosediminiarchaeum, a key player in the deep biosphere, builds butanetriol dialkyl glycerol tetraether (BDGT) membrane lipids and feeds on both CO₂ and lignin, revealing a survival strategy in low-energy environments and a unique lipid biomarker for this group.

A functional screening platform selects switchable aptamer beacons that undergo conformational changes and emit detectable signals when encountering target molecules.

Efficient exchange of long-chain ligands has been challenging for high-performing perovskite quantum dot photovoltaics. Here, the authors construct alkaline environments for antisolvents to promote their hydrolysis into conductive surface capping, enabling a certified solar cell efficiency of 18.3%.

Previous studies have suggested that branched chain amino acids (BCAA) may contribute to the development of diabetic kidney disease (DKD).Here the authors report that genetic disruption of BCAA catabolism in podocytes or exogenous BCAA supplementation can trigger DKD initiation via rewiring of glucose metabolism in mice.

Nasal colonization by Staphylococcus aureus is linked with depression in a human cohort and shown in a mouse model to cause decreased serotonin and dopamine in the brain.

Researchers developed spectral decoupling regulator based on an electro-optical resonator, which realizes free re-combination between visible color and long-wave infrared emissivity within a single device

A rare variation in the promoter of qRBG1/OsBZR5 is associated with larger rice grains. OsBZR5 is found to negatively regulate grain size in rice, a biological role opposite to other OsBZR members. A regulatory module of OsGSK2–qRBG1–OsBZR1–D2–OFP1 is further revealed.

Electrochemical CO_x reduction to multi-carbon products is hindered by low energy efficiency, in part due to sluggish ion transport across charge-selective membranes used in electrolysers. Here the authors use a porous, non-charge-selective separator that enhances ion transport and improves performance for CO electrolysis.

The authors propose a stepwise dual-site entropy increase strategy to simultaneously modulate relaxor behavior and enhance the breakdown strength of Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3-based capacitors.

Here the authors show how the DNA-sensing cGAS–STING pathway activates NF-κB and inflammatory gene expression with delayed kinetics via post-Golgi endolysosomal signaling.

Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) are a versatile class of clinically approved drug delivery vehicles, particularly for nucleic acid cargoes, but they often suffer from instability issues. Here, the authors report that the room temperature stability of small interfering RNA LNPs formulated with unsaturated ionizable lipids can be improved by inclusion of mildly acidic, antioxidant-containing buffers.

Anode catalysts in proton-exchange-membrane water electrolyzers usually trade activity for stability. Here, the authors report an electronic-structure-tuning strategy that modulates the metal–oxygen redox behavior of RuO₂, yielding a catalyst that is both highly active and durable.

The electrosynthesis of amino acids is hindered by inefficient oxime intermediate conversion. Here, a relayed electron transfer mechanism is proposed using an ionic-liquid@Bi catalyst. Electrons are accepted by the ionic liquid to generate related radicals, which then transfer electrons to oxime, enabling efficient amino acid production.

Lampreys are jawless vertebrates that can offer unique insights into vertebrate evolution. Here they generate a comprehensive cell atlas of the lamprey, uncovering 70 distinct cell types across 14 tissues, and identify pancreas-like cells in the lamprey small intestine.

The use of donor-derived CAR-NK cells is limited by CD8 T cell-mediated allorejection. Here, the authors describe a one-step approach, based on selective HLA knockdown and overexpression of PD-L1, that allows allogeneic modified CAR-NK cells to escape rejection by the host immune system while exhibiting enhanced anti-tumor activity and safety in preclinical mouse models.

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the leading cause of end-stage kidney failure. This study shows that prolonged glucagon exacerbates lipid accumulation, promoting renal injury in early DKD, rather than lipid oxidation. Targeting glucagon signaling significantly inhibits DKD progression.

Lithium doping in spiro-OMeTAD negatively affects the long-term performance of perovskite solar cells. Qin and team map the degradation mechanism under repeated voltage cycling and how lithium-free dopants improve stability.

Native crystallographic defects are often introduced during synthesis of battery materials, but has been overlooked. Here, using in situ synchrotron X-ray probes and electron microscopy, the authors have revealed their adverse effect during battery operation.

Lignin refining continues to face major challenges in achieving selective depolymerization and breaking resistant C–C bonds. In this work, the authors design a robust atomically dispersed Cu/Ni-SA@HNC catalyst that enables highly selective hydrogenolysis of lignin and model compounds through an unconventional pathway involving preferential Cα–Cβ bond cleavage in β-O-4 linkages.

The dorsal peduncular area of the mouse brain functions as a network hub that integrates diverse cortical and thalamic inputs to regulate neuroendocrine and autonomic responses.

Dual-atom catalysts have the potential to accelerate the reaction kinetics of polysulfide conversion. Here, authors design a Ga-Cd diatomic catalyst that efficiently facilitates the conversion of solid-phase potassium polysulfides via strong orbital electron coupling of p-block Ga and d-block Cd, enabling high-performance K-S batteries.

In a small trial of patients with severe systemic lupus erythematosus and nephritis, treatment with allogeneic T cells with a CD19 chimeric antigen receptor inserted into the T cell receptor locus and deletion of the PD-1 (PDCD1) gene were safe and associated with reduced disease activity.

Genetic code expansion (GCE) has expanded protein functionality, but the cost of noncanonical amino acids (ncAAs) hinder large-scale use. Here, the authors coupled amino acid biosynthesis with GCE in E. coli for the production of ncAA-containing biomolecules.

Zhao et al. used single-cell and spatial multiomics data analysis of human and mouse lung adenocarcinoma tumors and cell lines to reveal TP53 mutation-associated changes in cancer cells and their microenvironment.

A resource of human RNA-protein associations is produced using a sequencing-based method.

Sustained epigenetic silencing in monkeys is made more efficient with optimized regulators.

A synthetic biology approach was used to engineer Vibrio natriegens into a strain capable of bioremediating complex organic pollutants in saline wastewater and soils, thereby addressing notable threats to marine biosecurity.

Guo, Zhao and colleagues use high-resolution 7 T MRI to measure the pulsatility of cerebral small vessels and uncover age-related differences in vascular dynamics, which offer new insights into mechanisms of brain aging and vascular risks.

Live-cell imaging and proximity labeling face limits in tracking protein dynamics. Here, the authors present SeeID, a NIR-activated method using SiR as a photocatalyst, enabling precise intracellular labeling, organelle- and disease-relevant interactome mapping, and deep-tissue studies in vivo.

Weak NO adsorption, slow water dissociation, and sluggish hydrogenation hinder neutral-media NH₃ electrosynthesis from low-concentration NO. Here, the authors report an electron-donating motif modulating a NO-affinitive catalyst to create dual active sites, thus facilitating NO-to-NH₃ conversion.

Metal–organic frameworks hold promise as electrocatalysts for water splitting, but their large-scale production remains a challenge. This study reports on a scalable synthetic approach to fabricate large-area metal–organic framework-based electrodes, achieving high catalytic activity and stability in practical alkaline water electrolysis.

A PICALM allele associated with increased risk of late-onset Alzheimer’s disease has a microglial-specific role in lipid droplet accumulation.

Membraneless organelles formed by liquid–liquid phase separation regulate cellular processes. Here Bai et al. show that mitochondria-associated translation organelles (MATOs) consisting of RNA-binding proteins and translation machinery mediate localized synthesis of mitochondrial proteins to promote mitochondrial health and extend lifespan in worms.

Dendritic cell-based therapies have been exploited as immunotherapeutic approaches for cancer treatment. Here the authors report a platform integrating antigen-capturing nanoparticles and type 1 conventional dendritic cells for in situ cancer immunization, promoting anti-tumor immunity in preclinical models.

Organ metabolic crosstalk is vital but challenging to trace. Here, the authors present MSITracer, a computational tool for spatial isotope tracing that reveals inter-organ crosstalk, such as liver–heart fatty acid metabolism and lung-derived glutamine catabolism in tumors.

Fan et al. describe DF-003, an alpha-kinase 1 (ALPK1) inhibitor that targets the root cause of the rare genetic disease ROSAH syndrome, demonstrating the ability of DF-003 to inhibit ocular inflammatory pathology in ROSAH model mice.

The combination of photodynamic therapy and immunotherapy is emerging as a promising treatment for glioblastoma (GBM). Here this group encapsulates Fe3O4@BiFeO3 into bacterial outer membrane vesicles and M1 macrophage-derived exosomes hybrid membrane for synergistic photo-immunotherapy of GBM.