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RNA velocity is a widely used method to predict the fate of single cells. Here the authors show that the concept can be adapted to predict the fate of individual human subjects, using RNA velocity of whole blood at a single point in time to predict future clinical outcomes and treatment responses.

The experimental observation of a fundamentally new type of anomalous Hall effect that couples both in-plane and out-of-plane orbital magnetizations in multilayer rhombohedral graphene is reported.

FILM is a mid-infrared photothermal microscopy variant that involves optical boxcar demodulation-based illumination, denoising and spectral deconvolution. Its relatively gentle nature allows imaging of metabolic processes in organelles in cell culture as well as in Caenorhabditis elegans.

This study explores the clonal architecture of aplastic anemia across age using single-cell approaches. Somatic inactivation of specific human leukocyte antigen risk alleles is a frequent event and often occurs in multiple independent events.

Warming and rising CO₂ generally promote vegetation growth, but the role of surface ozone remains unclear. This study suggests that ozone shortens growing seasons and reduces greenness, offsetting climate-driven gains.

Vascular smooth muscle cells undergo complex transitions to multiple disease-related phenotypes in coronary artery disease. Using vascular smooth muscle lineage-traced single-cell RNA and ATAC sequencing, the authors map molecular spatiotemporal patterns of murine atherosclerosis and discover molecular mechanisms of TCF21-mediated coronary artery disease risk.

Native state proteomics of PV interneurons revealed unique molecular features of high translational and metabolic activity, and enrichment of Alzheimer’s risk genes. Early amyloid pathology exerted unique effects on mitochondria, mTOR signaling and neurotransmission in PV neurons.

N-desethyl-fluornitrazene is a µ-opioid receptor agonist derived from nitazenes that has supramaximal intrinsic efficacy that produces analgesia with minimal adverse effects in rodent models.

Multi-ancestry and ancestry-stratified genome-wide analyses identify genetic variants associated with refractive error and enable construction of an enhanced polygenic predictor incorporating functional annotations.

Understanding collective behaviour is an important aspect of managing the pandemic response. Here the authors show in a large global study that participants that reported identifying more strongly with their nation reported greater engagement in public health behaviours and support for public health policies in the context of the pandemic.

The NeuSMRT platform enables neutrophil-specific CAR expression in vitro and in vivo. These CAR-neutrophils in turn offer robust antitumour effects in humanized and syngeneic mouse models of glioblastoma.

Amidst rapid performance improvements and industrial scaling of perovskite–silicon solar cells, researchers wait with bated breath for the outcome of reliable long-term testing. The latest updates, especially from China, were reported in Brisbane, Australia at the recent APSRC conference.

Polymer thin films that emit and absorb circularly polarised light are promising in achieving important technological advances, but the origin of the large chiroptical effects in such films has remained elusive. Here the authors demonstrate that in non-aligned polymer thin films, large chiroptical effects are caused by magneto-electric coupling, not structural chirality as previously assumed.

Glycerol is an allosteric activator of tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP), activating the futile creatine cycle.

The authors resolve 63 structurally diverse haplotype structures for the 22q11.2 deletion syndrome region. Deletion risk differs depending on structure; individuals of African ancestry are enriched for inverted repeats that predispose to inversion.

The DAMPE satellite observed a universal charge-dependent spectral softening in primary cosmic rays, and ruled out mass-dependent softening with >99.999% confidence.

Methane is a potent greenhouse gas, but can also be used as a source for advanced carbon materials. This work shows a sustainable approach to produce high-value carbon fibres through methane pyrolysis.

This paper identifies the ‘master regulators’ that maintain cell transcriptional states in diffuse midline gliomas and shows that targeting them in combination could represent a promising therapeutic avenue for the disease.

LHAASO has detected γ-ray emission with a spectrum extending to 2 PeV from the pulsar wind nebula (PWN) powered by PSR J1849-0001, indicating an extreme particle acceleration efficiency and challenging the current particle acceleration theories.

The CMS experiment at CERN reports one of the highest-precision measurements of the W boson mass, finding it in line with standard model predictions and at odds with recent anomalous measurements.

Improving winter wheat adaptation to climate change is a critical challenge. This study suggests that improving source–sink plasticity and optimizing stage-specific sensitivity to short-term temperature fluctuations are key strategies for crop resilience.

A large-scale study on the replicability of claims from social and behavioural science journals reports that about half of the results replicate in the same patterns as the original study.

HorusEye is a foundation model for universal X-ray tomography restoration that learns realistic degradation directly from data. It supports imaging at substantially lower doses and reduces hardware requirements while improving expert analysis and downstream AI performance.

A single-cell multiomic atlas of the human maternal–fetal interface across pregnancy reveals cell types, states and spatial niches, developmental tissue architectures and transcriptional programmes, and identifies cell types with roles in pre-eclampsia, spontaneous preterm birth and miscarriage.

The Taiwan Precision Medicine Initiative (TPMI) has built a cohort of more than half a million individuals with Han Chinese ancestry, providing a rich resource of genetic and medical data for this group.

The intensity profiles and polarization states bestowed upon a beam by topological photonic crystals are limited to the spatial symmetries that can be realized with the crystal lattice. Here, authors demonstrate plasmonic Dirac-vortex lasing with tailorable intensity and polarisation distributions, based on photonic mass vortices engineering.

A study of reproducibility in a stratified random sample of 600 papers published from 2009 to 2018 in 62 journals spanning the social and behavioural sciences finds higher reproducibility among more recent papers and papers from journals that require data sharing.

Metal–halide complexes are central to light emission in halide perovskites, but their bottom-up spatial arrangement is difficult to control. Now a crown-ether-assisted supramolecular strategy has been shown to enable the synthesis of one-dimensional metal–halide molecular wires with high photoluminescence efficiency and strong nonlinear optical responses.

X-ray study of compressed water shows that superionic ice adopts mixed close-packed structures rather than a single phase - a far more complex behaviour than expected, mirroring solid ice’s rich phases and informing planetary interior models.

The authors from the ALICE collaboration identify multiple species of mesons and baryons and measure the anisotropic flow with non-flow removal techniques in pp and p-Pb collisions at the LHC, identifying the hallmark of quark flow associated with an expanding quark-gluon plasma.

Lithium dendrites are a major barrier to the use of high-energy lithium metal batteries. Now, a highly adhesive polymer electrolyte is designed to suppress lithium dendrites by confining lithium in a continuous nucleation state through strong interfacial binding interactions.

A general protocol for high-dimensional entangling gates is developed and applied for two four-dimensional qudits encoded in orbital angular momentum (OAM). The phase-locking technique stabilizes OAM sorters, leading to a process fidelity within a range from 0.71 to 0.85.

Here the authors reveal a study of 486,956 Han Chinese individuals showing that most people with genetic variants affecting drug response do not have the predicted adverse events, highlighting the challenges of implementing pharmacogenetics in clinical practice.

It remains unclear why some BRCA-deficient high-grade serous carcinomas (HGSC) do not respond to platinum-based therapy. Here, multi-omic analysis of BRCA1- and BRCA2-deficient HGSC attributes co-occurring mutations, DNA repair deficiency and tumor microenvironment features to short survival in these patients.

A spatial and single-cell transcriptomics study across multiple mammalian species identifies epidermal BMP signalling as a functional requirement for rete ridge formation, providing insight into mechanisms underlying hair density loss and wound healing.

Spatial principles of regulatory elements in primate cortex are poorly understood. Here, authors show a chromatin accessibility atlas identifying primate-specific cis-elements associated with psychiatric disease risks in specific cell types.

High hole mobilities in a polarization-induced two-dimensional hole gas at a gallium nitride/aluminium nitride interface can allow Shubnikov–de Haas oscillations of light and heavy holes to be observed in gallium nitride.

SLCO4C1 is known for regulating kidney diseases. This study showed SLCO4C1 regulates hepatic cAMP uptake to suppress lipogenesis in MASLD. Targeting this pathway by FGF21 or forskolin suppressed lipogenesis.

Longitudinal metatranscriptomics in a prospective cohort of 1,164 adults hospitalized for COVID-19 reveals that azithromycin offered no apparent anti-inflammatory benefit but enriched the respiratory microbiome with potential pathogens and antimicrobial resistance genes.

The Taiwan Precision Medicine Initiative recruited and genotyped more than half a million Taiwanese participants, almost all of Han Chinese ancestry, and performed comprehensive genomic analyses and developed polygenic risk score prediction models for numerous health conditions.

Development of the pangenome-informed genome assembly (PIGA) workflow enabled the generation of 1,116 diploid genome assemblies (55 de novo and 1,061 pangenome-informed), representing an extensive resource of medically relevant genic variations.

Thermal inertia is used to infer physical properties of asteroid surfaces. Here, authors propose that the low thermal inertia of asteroids Bennu and Ryugu is driven by cracks in rocks resulting from geological processes within the parent body – or more recently through micrometeorite impacts

The authors demonstrate a thermal metasurface achieving wavelength-tunable and helicity switchable coherent infrared emission through temperature control, enabling high-performance on-chip circular dichroism spectroscopy for chiral molecular sensing.