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The authors present bioinspired solid-state proton diode membranes that achieve rectified proton transport by constructing an inherent water-content gradient and asymmetric transport pathways, enables efficient force-electric conversion.

Hepatitis C virus remains a health burden due to the lack of an effective vaccine, hindered by difficulties in replicating the native E1E2 antigen structure. Here, the authors engineer a stabilized E1E2 heterodimer using cryo-EM-guided modifications, enhancing immunogenicity and paving the way for future HCV vaccine development.

Global Burden of Disease analysis found that in 2023, suboptimal diet was estimated to be responsible for 4 million deaths and 97 million morbidity burdens from ischemic heart disease.

Perovskite–silicon solar cells rely on buffer layers that avoid damaging the perovskite, but common tin-oxide layers force thicker transport layers that increase optical loss. The authors replace this layer with thermally evaporated antimony oxide, enabling thinner C₆₀ and higher-efficiency perovskite–silicon solar cells.

Antibody mediated prevention (AMP) trials with the broadly neutralizing antibody VRC01 showed protection against VRC01-sensitive viruses. Here, by deep sequencing plasma samples from 172 participants of the AMP trials, the authors show a high frequency of multilineage HIV infections (38%), including coinfection with both sensitive and resistant viruses, and demonstrate that VRC01 doesn’t alter the transmission bottleneck.

The cellular origin and developmental trajectory of DICER1 syndrome-associated tumors are currently unknown. Here, the authors employ a lineage-traceable genetically modified mouse model for DICER1 syndrome to identify universal fibroblasts as the likely cellular origin of mouse Dicer1 sarcoma and map their developmental trajectory, findings that are validated in human DICER1 mesenchymal tumors.

SLCO4C1 is known for regulating kidney diseases. This study showed SLCO4C1 regulates hepatic cAMP uptake to suppress lipogenesis in MASLD. Targeting this pathway by FGF21 or forskolin suppressed lipogenesis.

Computational methods can be used to find potent neutralizing antibodies against viruses such as SARS-CoV-2. Here the authors use an AI method to landscape antibodies, predict specificity and antibody-antigen structure, pick out potent neutralizers and show that these antibodies are protective against SARS-CoV-2 challenge in mice models.

Coronary artery disease has several genetic risk factors. Here, the authors develop a model that combines germline and somatic genetic drivers to predict coronary artery disease risk, identifying high-risk individuals not detected by polygenic risk scores alone.

Inborn errors of cell death (IECD) with autoinflammatory manifestations could be induced by excessive T cell death. Here the authors characterize IECD patients with autoinflammatory manifestations who possess overactive RIPK1 variants which promote T cell death, secretion of TNF and IFN-γ along with activation of monocytes and macrophages which promotes further autoinflammation.

Mitoxantrone is an FDA-approved anticancer drug that also acts as a general inhibitor of group I intron self-splicing. Here the authors show that Mitoxantrone repartitions RNA conformational ensembles rather than simply binding RNA, stabilizing specific GC-rich structures. This reduces 5′ UTR heterogeneity and increases translation efficiency.

This work demonstrates that embedding MnCoGe particles within magnesium alloys transforms the irreversible thermal expansion into a self-compensating behavior, yielding zero thermal expansion from 25 to 150 °C while retaining high strength and ultralow density.

Phosphorus locked in carbonate rocks from seven global sites shows simultaneous marine phosphorus spikes during major mass extinctions. Modelling ties high marine phosphorus to eutrophication, CO2 drawdown, and global cooling.

Most studies assessing food self-sufficiency look at calories and neglect nutrient gaps. Comparing food demand and potential food production under land and water constraints, this study quantifies 9 key nutrient gaps for each of African’s 54 countries.

The widespread human parasite Schistosoma haematobium has a distinct, immunogenic glycan profile compared to S. mansoni, highlighting the role of glycans in species-specific parasite-host interactions and as diagnostic targets.

Wang, Guo, Zhang and colleagues obtain four cryo-electron microscopy snapshots that show how IscB is kept off by two RNA lids, with a car-pedal-like guide shift activating cleavage after ~11-nt pairing. They also engineer hinge regions that boost flexibility and improve genome editing in cells.

The authors from the ALICE collaboration identify multiple species of mesons and baryons and measure the anisotropic flow with non-flow removal techniques in pp and p-Pb collisions at the LHC, identifying the hallmark of quark flow associated with an expanding quark-gluon plasma.

Traditional recycling of polyoxymethylene plastic often leads to significant material loss and toxic emissions. Here, the authors introduce an acidic electrochemical process that efficiently converts plastic waste into valuable chemicals with conversion efficiency approaching 90%.

A large-scale study on the replicability of claims from social and behavioural science journals reports that about half of the results replicate in the same patterns as the original study.

The authors have applied an eight-tissue rat multi-omic dataset to analyze the gene regulatory landscape of endurance exercise training, identifying tissue-specific regulatory patterns involved in muscle function, metabolism and immune response.

Androgen activity in the male embryonic hindbrain prolongs hindbrain differentiation in male individuals and drives sex differences in the incidence and prognosis of posterior fossa type A (PFA) ependymoma, an aggressive childhood brain tumour.

Zinc is an essential micronutrient for plants, however its excess causes cellular damage. Here, the authors report that natural variation of Trichome Birefringence (TBR) gene confers zinc toxicity tolerance through modulating root cell wall pectin methylesterification in Arabidopsis.

Two-dimensional (2D) metal halide perovskites exhibit efficient photoinduced emission at room temperature, but control over charge carrier transport remains limited. Here formamidinium-based layered 2D perovskites are developed with high predicted symmetry. The absence of octahedral distortion results in an exciton diffusion length of 2.5 µm.

Tunnel oxide passivating contact solar cells face unresolved questions about the atomic scale nature of pinholes that limit performance. The authors use aberration corrected transmission electron microscopy to reveal two pinhole types and showing that oxygen-based passivation rather than pinholes geometry drives efficiency.

Robustness checks and reproduction of analyses with existing and updated data based on 110 articles in economics and political science journals with data and code-sharing requirements found high levels of robustness and reproducibility and determined that robustness was not dependent on author characteristics or data availability.

Covert mortality nodavirus, a pathogen previously known to cause important losses in shrimp aquaculture, is identified as being a potential causative agent of an emerging and severe ocular disease in humans, specifically presenting as persistent ocular hypertensive viral anterior uveitis.

ALS/FTD-linked mutations in UBQLN2, a protein quality control factor, impair degradation of enzymes essential for mitochondrial lipid catabolism, leading to metabolic dysfunction and neurodegeneration.

Atopic dermatitis is an immune disease driven by cytokines including IL-4/IL-13. This study shows that a topical ITK/TRK inhibitor blocks an array of T cell cytokines, inhibits NGF-induced basophil activation, and reduces inflammation in human skin explants and dermatitis models, indicating therapeutic potential.

A study of reproducibility in a stratified random sample of 600 papers published from 2009 to 2018 in 62 journals spanning the social and behavioural sciences finds higher reproducibility among more recent papers and papers from journals that require data sharing.

Virtual nature exposure reduces self-reported pain and is associated with decreased brain responses linked to somatosensory and nociceptive processing, providing new insights into the underlying mechanisms of nature-induced analgesia.

Interfacial charge recombination losses limit solar cell efficiency. Gao et al. mitigate these losses through front and rear-contact engineering, achieving efficiencies of 26.34% and 32.73% in tunnel oxide passivating contact single-junction and tandem solar cells.

Femtosecond laser pulse-induced coherent helicity switching of magnetic vortices in permalloy disks on picosecond timescales is reported.

Limited heat dissipation at perovskite interfaces causes local overheating and accelerates degradation in perovskite photovoltaics. Now a solution-processable alkynyl-porphyrin conjugated polymer is inserted between the perovskite and hole-transport layers to enhance interfacial heat dissipation while maintaining efficient charge transport. This thermal and electronic management boosts device efficiency and operational stability.

Arginine addiction induced by argininosuccinate synthase (ASSN1) deficiency has been exploited to treat ASS1-deficient cancers. Here, the authors show an alternative therapeutic approach where ASS1 activity is increased by the pesticide spinosyn A and is shown to inhibit breast cancer cell proliferation.

HorusEye is a foundation model for universal X-ray tomography restoration that learns realistic degradation directly from data. It supports imaging at substantially lower doses and reduces hardware requirements while improving expert analysis and downstream AI performance.

Findings suggest that neural crest fate bias predominantly emerges within the neural tube, and that only a minor subset of delaminated progenitors retain multipotency to generate both sensory and sympathetic derivatives.

Colonic stem cells retain a memory of inflammation following disease resolution and there is a mechanistic link between chronic inflammation and malignancy, suggesting potential strategies to mitigate cancer risk in patients with chronic inflammatory conditions.

Coastal ocean warming drives the recent increase in large-scale aggregation of humid heatwaves, accounting for up to two-thirds of their rising frequency and spatial extent, according to climate reanalyses and model simulations from 1982–2023.

Soil fauna is an important but often neglected component of terrestrial food webs. Here the authors use a large dataset of stable isotope observations to analyse how soil animal trophic diversity varies across climates and land-use types and identify potential biotic mechanisms.

MsbA mediates the transport of lipopolysaccharide across the inner membrane. Here, the authors show specific MsbA-lipid interactions can tune the selectivity for binding ATP over ADP and present five structures of MsbA with one bound to lipid.

Operando birefringence microscopy measurements of the stresses around growing dendrites in solid electrolytes show that stresses decrease as current densities increase, revealing a linkage between electrochemical and mechanical stability that informs the design of solid-state batteries.

Machine learning upscaling analyses of global FLUXNET carbon and water flux measurements indicate that dryland vegetation productivity showed a negligible increase between 1982–2000 and 2001–2022, whereas humid-region vegetation productivity exhibited a nearly constant increase.

Photochargeable semiconductors offer a promising route to overcoming efficiency limits in photocatalytic transformations. Now it has been shown that zinc indium sulfide nanocrystals with a high charge storage capacity, combined with a nickel cocatalyst, enable highly selective and scalable amine dehydrogenative coupling with hydrogen evolution.

Chronic inflammation and impaired immune tolerance are hallmarks of inflammatory bowel disease. Here, the authors report on Treg and platelet fused exosomes for targeted delivery of attached MMP cleavable IL-23 antibodies for immune modulation to prevent IBD progression.

The paper reports a scalable, chemical-free plasma process that converts methane and water into high-purity, single-layer graphene oxide while co-producing hydrogen, cutting greenhouse emissions, and lowering cost compared with conventional methods.

The response of soil carbon to warming is critical feedback that has been difficult to constrain. This study uses a long-term experiment to show that precipitation modulates microbial and therefore carbon dynamics; drought leads to carbon loss with warming, but wet conditions increase soil carbon.

Host cell protein degradation machinery including the lysosome is involved in the processing and degradation of protein antigens. Here the authors develop lysosomal targeting vaccine approaches and test these in murine models of influenza infection.

Machine learning was used to screen a library of diverse lipids on the basis of their spatial conformation and identify an LNP formulation that enabled organ-targeted mRNA delivery and tumour suppression. The work highlights the critical role of ionizable lipid conformation in LNP engineering.

A fully green printing strategy enables biodegradable and recyclable magnetoresistive sensors made from iron-based materials. By combining sustainability with high low-field sensitivity, the work opens a pathway toward environmentally responsible disposable magnetoelectronics.

Clostridium perfringens lacking perfringolysin O toxin isolated from preterm infants metabolizes human milk oligosaccharide disialyllacto-N-tetraose to produce metabolites that promote the growth of commensal bifidobacteria, inhibit pathogens and suppress inflammation in an organoid model.