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Treatment failure exists in Induction chemotherapy followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) for locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (LA-NPC) patients. Here this group reports a phase 2 randomized trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of adding nimotuzumab, to CCRT on 246 patients with untreated, non-keratinising, stage II–IVA LA-NPC.

This study identifies a Rht-A1–TaLA1-D module controlling wheat tiller angle, elucidates its mechanism, and traces the selection trajectory of TaLA1-D during wheat breeding, providing new insights for developing ideotype wheat varieties.

Developing durable, water-repellent textiles without using harmful fluorinated chemicals is challenging. Here, authors use a one-step molecular assembly to covalently bond superhydrophobic silica shells directly onto fibers, resulting in high wear resistance and breathability.

Studying RNA in cellular condensates requires precise tools. Here, the authors developed an orthogonal RNA aptamer system for simultaneous RNA visualization and targeted degradation, revealing new roles for specific RNAs in stress granule and NP body dynamics.

Molecular aggregates with photophysical behaviour have triplet excitons, but these are not well studied. Here, the authors report the study of triplet exciton behaviour in aggregates of various sizes, and the effect of this on photophysical behaviour.

Given the interest in extracellular vesicles there is a need for simple short scaffold proteins for efficient targeting and cargo loading. Here, the authors identify a candidate scaffold protein and find the truncated version allows for efficient loading which outperforms current scaffold proteins, demonstrating application in sepsis therapy.

Using artificial intelligence, authors model how air pollution may increase susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2. NPC1 is identified via genetic and laboratory analyses as a key pathway that enhances viral entry after exposure to fine particulate matter.

Researchers developed peptide condensate catalysts that catalyze chemical reactions. These findings provide a new green-chemistry framework for advanced materials and nanotechnology.

The flammability of the Li electrode impedes its safe application in a battery. Here, the authors develop a layered Li electrode design to eliminate corrosion between Li metal and fire retardant, and smart release fire retardant against Li combustion during heating conditions, enabling a safe Li metal battery.

Lead halide perovskites are promising for artificial photosynthesis but are unstable in seawater. Here, the authors report multisite atomic-chlorine passivation to stabilize CsPbI₃ quantum dots in a hydrophobic covalent organic framework, enabling efficient H₂O₂ photosynthesis directly from seawater.

The authors identify Npr1 as a nucleophagy receptor in fission yeast that acts redundantly with Epr1 to degrade nuclear components. Tethering chromatin to the inner nuclear membrane blocks nucleophagy, suggesting a genome protection mechanism.

Hydrogen spillover enhances hydrogen production but is hindered by electronic barriers at phase interfaces. Here, the authors report a Ni₁₇W₃-WO₂ with a built-in strain gradient and directional electron transfer to enable non-interfacial hydrogen spillover, delivering high activity and durability.

The authors resolve 63 structurally diverse haplotype structures for the 22q11.2 deletion syndrome region. Deletion risk differs depending on structure; individuals of African ancestry are enriched for inverted repeats that predispose to inversion.

The genetically encoded voltage indicators JEDI3sub and JEDI3hyp enhance monitoring of subthreshold neuronal activity in the awake mouse brain using a variety of two-photon microscopy techniques.

Piezoelectric microantennas driven by acoustic waves were developed. A sensor based on the antenna enables wireless temperature and strain sensing up to 1 m, establishing a scalable platform for ultracompact wireless transmission and sensing systems.

Tuning the emission of metal nanoclusters is a challenge. Here, the authors report on solvation-induced isomerization and modulation of electron transfer dynamics to achieve controllable emission across the entire visible range.

The growth of high-quality organic single crystals is essential for probing intrinsic optoelectronic properties and molecular packing. Here, the authors present an additive-directed cocrystallization strategy to grow Y6-additive cocrystals with tunable thickness and controlled morphology.

Xie et al. identify a distinct subset of CD4⁺ helper T cells expressing EOMES and granzyme K in both mice and human models of colitis.

Dong and colleagues report that blockade of T cell-expressed cytotoxic and regulatory T cell molecule results in selective mitigation of immune-related toxicities without affecting antitumor efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Lesion-targeted immune modulation is a feasible strategy to control cardiac fibrosis, and engineered dendritic cells are a promising therapeutic platform for treating cardiac remodelling and heart failure.

When 100 social and behavioural science claims were examined, 34% of reanalyses closely matched the original results, with 74% reaching the same conclusion, revealing limited robustness of single-path analyses and the need to address analytical uncertainty.

Sulfur fluoride exchange has wide applications, but chiral sulfonimidoyl transfer remains highly challenging due to the crowded three-dimensional environment. Now, using chiral pyridine-N-oxides as organocatalysts, the catalytic asymmetric sulfonimidoyl transfer reaction has been achieved with racemic sulfonimidoyl chlorides as the reactant, enabling the construction of optically active sulfonimidoyl fluorides and related derivatives.

Shortcuts to adiabaticity are essential for rapid state evolution, and their true power lies in restoring adiabaticity against nonadiabatic transitions. Here, the authors employ an enhanced framework that restores adiabaticity in coupled elastic waveguides by simultaneously optimizing the parameter-space path and velocity, enabling efficient wave control in compact devices.

The performance of 2D photodetectors in the near-infrared range is usually constrained by fundamental limits. Here, the authors report hybrid photodetectors based on 2D MoS₂/WSe₂ heterostructures integrated with plasmonic metasurfaces, exploiting anapole states to enhance the responsivity and improve their chiral discrimination ratio in the telecommunication range.

Combining single-cell parallel profiling of genome conformation, histone modifications, chromatin accessibility and gene expression reveals dynamics and intranuclear spatial clustering of epigenome profiles, enabling sophisticated analysis of the regulatory landscape across cell types and tissues.

LHAASO has detected γ-ray emission with a spectrum extending to 2 PeV from the pulsar wind nebula (PWN) powered by PSR J1849-0001, indicating an extreme particle acceleration efficiency and challenging the current particle acceleration theories.

Measurement-based quantum computing implements quantum algorithms by performing sequences of measurements on special classes of entangled states, such as cluster states. This approach has now been demonstrated on a superconducting quantum processor.

Here, the authors show that residues N490 and M492 of Hepatitis E Virus capsid protein are pivotal, albeit not exclusive, host tropism determinants of hepatitis E virus (HEV) for swine infection, which enhance the understanding of HEV’s zoonotic transmission and host specificity.

Crystallizing the perovskite layer on thin tunnel oxide passivated contact silicon cells is challenging due to rapid heat transfer. Zhou et al. address this issue using a 2-mercaptobenzothiazole additive, achieving a tandem cell efficiency of 32.76%.

Low outcrossing rate of sterile lines limits hybrid rice seed production. Here, the authors report that mutation of a SET domain-containing protein HER1 leads to enlarged stigma, enhanced stigma exsertion, and hybrid seed production in rice.

A clinical trial testing whether monitoring ctDNA clearance during treatment for nasopharyngeal cancer could be used to inform decisions about an individual’s subsequent therapeutic programme shows promising results.

Hong-Xuan Lin, Ji-Ping Gao, Jun-Xiang Shan and colleagues show that natural variation in a proteasome α2 subunit gene contributes to thermotolerance in African rice. Their follow-up studies suggest that the variant allele protects cells from heat stress by enhancing the elimination of cytotoxic denatured proteins and maintaining heat-response processes.

Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is an enzyme that eliminates reactive oxygen species and is used in the treatment of oxidative stress-related diseases, but its catalytic activity is constrained by the metal ion coordination with rigid amino-acid residues. Here, the authors report Cu/Zn/histidine supramolecular assemblies with optimized Cu catalytic site and SOD activity up to 37900 Unit/mg, which is at least 5.4 times higher than that of natural Cu-Zn-SOD.

This study identifies 245 genetic loci associated with head-to-body ratios using 38,202 bone density scan images from the UK Biobank, revealing genetic links to skeletal and brain development, disease susceptibility, and human evolutionary adaptation.

While previous studies of Kondo physics have largely focused on electronic properties, the authors here investigate magnon damping in the d-electron van der Waals magnet Fe₃GeTe₂. They observe logarithmic scaling of the damping at low temperatures and a minimum at an intermediate temperature, which they attribute to Kondo coupling between itinerant electrons and local moments.

Droplet microlasers are emerging as powerful tools for label-free biosensing. Here, the authors demonstrate a new method for creating liquid photonic-molecule microlasers that combine low lasing threshold and enhanced sensitivity, achieving biomolecular detection limit down to attoMolar level.

Recent studies have shown the potential of higher-order exceptional points originating from the Liouvillian dynamics as opposed to their Hamiltonian counterparts. Here, the authors explore different classes of third-order Liouvillian exceptional points in a two-level system realised in a single trapped ion.

Humanity’s Last Exam, a multi-modal benchmark at the frontier of human knowledge, is designed to be an expert-level closed-ended academic benchmark with broad subject coverage.

He, Wang, Shen, Dong and colleagues find that unsaturated fatty acids enriched in a black rice diet inhibit amyloid pathology, rescue cognition and restore physiological lifespan in mouse models of Alzheimer’s disease via allosteric activation of GPR120.

This study demonstrates that the reduced serum serine in patients with chemotherapy or women with poor sleep, is linked to the decline of ovarian function. Serine supplementation prevented ovarian damage in mice by inhibiting ferroptosis in ovarian granulosa cells, without affecting chemotherapy efficacy.

Photocatalytic four-component reaction is a green and efficient synthetic strategy. Here, the authors report a series of covalent organic frameworks via the photocatalytic four-component reaction, which are used for photocatalysis.