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Limiting dietary methionine protects against kidney fibrosis by blocking the TGF-β– Smad3–Hoxc8/P-TEFb pathway, identifying Hoxc8 as a central driver of fibrosis and a potential therapeutic target for chronic kidney disease.

The authors identify AMsh glia, expressing both cold and heat receptors, function as a dual-mode thermosensory hub, bidirectionally modulating neural circuits to regulate various thermal behaviors in C. elegans.

Tumor-associated macrophages play central roles in the cellular immune response in the tumor microenvironment. Here the authors implicate the m6A methyltransferase METTL3 in glioma progression by regulation of the ISG15/FASN modulated lipid metabolism in macrophage.

Qifa Zhang and colleagues report the map-based cloning of the quantitative trait locus GS5, which regulates grain size and yield in rice. GS5 encodes a putative serine carboxypeptidase and increased expression is associated with larger grain.

Huang et al. examine the impact of emotional distress on immune checkpoint inhibitor efficacy in advanced gastroesophageal cancer patients. Baseline emotional distress and elevated peripheral inflammatory markers significantly impair treatment outcomes through synergistic psycho-inflammatory mechanisms.

A tri-omic atlas of the mouse brain from postnatal day 0 to P21 reveals that layer-specific projection neurons have a role in coordinating axonogenesis and myelination.

Irisin attenuates microglial inflammation in PD via ubiquitination-autophagy pathways: PAFAH1B1-RAGE ubiquitination and TFEB-NLRP3 modulation.

Achieving complete coverage of 2-4 μm pyramids on industrial fully-textured silicon with solution processed perovskite film remains challenging. Here, authors spray-coat alumina particles on silicon for near-conformal deposition of perovskites, achieving efficiency of 32.74% for tandem solar cells.

Wang et al. identify the intragrain impurity nanoclusters of a metastable (FA,Cs)PbI₄ phase, arising from intragrain cation segregation, to be the performance-limiting defect structure in FA–Cs mixed-cation perovskites. An inner salt is introduced to mitigate these intragrain defects, enabling n-i-p perovskite solar cells with efficiency of 26.03%.

Tools to identify who will develop Crohn’s disease in the future are limited. Here, the authors develop and validate a proteomics-based model that predicts disease onset up to 16 years before clinical diagnosis.

Replicating the properties of spider silk in synthetic materials is desirable but challenging. Here, the authors report a wet-spinning method using anti-solvent phase separation for polymer hydrogel fibres with favourable structures and properties.

Cobalt-free cathodes are needed for sustainable batteries, but their cycling stability remains a challenge. Here, authors report a dual-phase lithium nickelate, i.e., layered LiNiO₂ and rocksalt LixNi_2-xO₂, stabilized by interlocked domains, synthesized via kinetic control, that delivers high capacity and improved cycle life.

Disulfide bonds are widely found in nature and are prevalent in therapeutic contexts due to their dynamic nature. Here, the authors disclose a click chemistry protocol to convert thiols to disulfides using SO₂F₂, and show its application in aqueous contexts, in flow, and for polymerizations.

Controllable supply of hydrogen during electroreduction reactions on conventional catalysts is hindered by pH-dependent hydrogen species formation. Here the authors present a lattice-hydrogen cycling mechanism that decouples hydrogen intermediate availability from electrolyte pH.

Lu, Wang et al. profile H3K36me2 throughout oocyte-to-embryo transition, pre-implantation and early post-implantation development and report a role for H3K36me2 in post-implantation embryos to re-establish lineage-specific DNA methylation.

Turning CO2 into useful fuels is promising for cleaner energy but remains hard due to low efficiency. This study shows that a spinel-engineered catalyst boosts ethanol formation by promoting C–C coupling while suppressing further carbon-chain growth.

Here, the authors demonstrate that VGLL4 maintains cartilage integrity by forming a complex with TEAD4-SMAD3 to regulate extracellular matrix homeostasis. VGLL4 deficiency accelerates osteoarthritis, while its restoration or SMAD3 delivery rescues cartilage damage, suggesting therapeutic potential.

By integrating a ribo-seq dataset of 195 individuals with RNA-seq and proteomics data from the same cohort, researchers found prevalent post-transcriptional attenuation of eQTL effects and identified omic-specific QTLs associated with schizophrenia.

The researchers showcase an exciting surface metallic Dirac-vortex cavity design with enhanced power capabilities for electrically pumped Topological Lasers in the THz spectral range.

Declining oocyte quality contributes to age-related reduction in fertility; however, the underlying mechanisms are incompletely understood. Here Liu et al. reveal that replenishing mevalonate pathway metabolites and supplementation with a natural compound, 8-isopentenyl flavone, improve aged oocyte quality by restoring cortical F-actin through CDC42 and RAC1 prenylation.

Designing two-dimensional membranes to achieve tailored channels while ensuring stability remains challenging. Here, the authors use multifunctional intercalants to create stable, selective subnanochannels in MoS₂ membranes, demonstrating their potential in wastewater treatment.

Here, authors present LABind, a ligand-aware deep learning framework for predicting binding sites of small molecules and ions, with the capacity to generalize to unseen ligands.

Pressure treatment can modify the luminescence properties of materials. Here the authors use pressure to turn nonemissive organic zinc halide perovskites bright with full color tunability, which enables robust optical anti-counterfeiting applications.

It is crucial, yet challenging, to develop effective polymeric membranes for removing organic micropollutants from water. Here the authors present a data-mechanism-fused machine learning approach to assist the development of such membranes.

KN046 is a bispecific antibody targeting PD-L1 and CTLA4. Here the authors report the results of a phase II trial of KN046 combined with lenvatinib in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.

Radical reactivity of diazo compounds, useful organic building blocks, is yet underexplored. Here, the authors report an iodine-catalyzed radical activation of diazo compounds affording a variety of substituted cyclopropanes, pyrroles and epoxides under either thermal- or photo-initiated conditions.

Nanoparticle strengthening provides a crucial basis for developing high-performance materials, which often fails to work due to poor thermal stability. Here, the authors achieve thermally stable nanoparticles at 800~1000 °C in chemically complex alloys via controllable sluggish lattice diffusion.

Although the number of participants is important for phenotypic prediction accuracy in brain-wide association studies using functional MRI, scanning for at least 30 min offers the greatest cost effectiveness.

By optimizing gate structures and fabrication processes, carbon nanotube metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistors can be fabricated that exhibit a cut-off frequency beyond 1 THz.

A multi-omic analysis of pancreatic cancer identifies spatially resolved, heterogeneous cell populations including transitional cell types. Analysis of primary samples identifies treatment-related changes in cross-talk between tumor and stromal cells.

NPF1 governs parthenocarpy by activating YUC4 expression in the ovules of cucumber. The selection of a single mutation in the NPF1 gene, along with a SNP in the YUC4 promoter, led to parthenocarpic fruit development during cucumber domestication.

Reducing interface nonradiative recombination is important for realizing highly efficient perovskite solar cells. Here, the authors employ a bimolecular interlayer to functionalize the perovskite interface, achieving cooperative surface treatment and certified power conversion efficiency of 25.05%.

Broad-band emission of self-trapped exciton in low-dimensional perovskite is prospective for white LED, yet rational design new white perovskite remains challenge. Here, the authors develop an atom-substituting strategy to trigger exciton self-tapping in perovskites and reveal the mechanism behind.

Phenotypic and genomic analyses of 215 Rosa accessions reveal the genomic foundations of phylogeny, domestication and evolutionary history of Rosa, providing insights and resources for harnessing wild germplasm in modern rose breeding.