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The authors report an experimental study of the Hall effect measuring electrical quantities in ultracold fermionic quantum simulators. This provides a way forward in measuring transport properties in these platforms and verifying long-standing theoretical predictions.

Nitazenes are potent synthetic opioids that are difficult to detect. Here, authors computationally redesign a plant receptor to create sensitive sensors capable of detecting diverse nitazenes and their metabolites in biological samples.

Edge localised modes (ELMs) in highly confined plasmas are notoriously difficult to regulate. Here, the authors analyse multiscale modes and interactions by combining experimental measurements from DIII-D and modeling, showing promising results in ELM control.

Grazing affects plant diversity, but plant diversity in turn may modulate the effect of grazing on the plant community. This global analysis explores the association between plant species richness and plant cover resistance to grazing intensity in drylands.

Understanding liquid behavior is a challenge due to their disorder nature and rapid molecular rearrangements. Here, the authors show how weak interactions between OH groups and aromatic rings can participate in cooperative mechanisms that give rise to highly structured molecular arrangements in the liquid state.

Genomic analyses applied to 14 childhood- and adult-onset psychiatric disorders identifies five underlying genomic factors that explain the majority of the genetic variance of the individual disorders.

The authors developed a highly sensitive skin-conformal NIR organic photodetector with fast photoresponse speed that achieves MHz-speed, angle-free, and long-range (100 m) wireless optical communication with stable performance under mechanical deformation.

IL-17A, a cytokine important for tissue repair, can impair healing when increased, contributing to keratinocyte dysfunction in type 2 diabetic wounds. Here, the authors show that IL-17A drives this dysfunction via JMJD3-mediated epigenetic changes, and that blocking this pathway improves wound healing.

Merlino et al. demonstrate that the cytokine Interleukin-27 contributes to innate antiviral immunity in the placenta and is an important defense against congenital Zika virus infection.

Apolipoprotein E receptor 2 (ApoER2) serves as an entry receptor for Semliki Forest virus (SFV), but the ApoER2-mediated SFV entry mechanism remains unclear. Here, using cryo-EM and complementary approaches, the authors unveil a distinct LA5-dependent binding mode.

Magnetotactic bacteria use chains of intracellular magnetic particles (magnetosomes) to align with and navigate along geomagnetic fields. Here, Russell et al. reveal lineage-specific and independent evolution of magnetosome chain formation driven by a suite of coiled-coil and actin-like proteins.

The type I interferon response is suppressed during early development, making embryos susceptible to pathogens. Here, the authors show that this suppression contributes to normal development by preventing an aberrant immune response against endogenous double stranded RNAs.

Two-dimensional polyaramid polymers are synthesized to form nanofilms that exhibit the lowest gas permeability of any polymer by orders of magnitude, despite lacking crystallinity, enabling molecular-scale nanomechanical resonators and barrier materials.

The order in which driver mutations of colorectal cancer occur in intestinal epithelium can determine whether clones are positively or negatively selected and can shape subsequent tumour development.

Model simulations suggest that the 2023–2024 El Niño was mainly driven by oceanic processes and that this type of El Niño may become more frequent with warming.

While the emergence of immune checkpoint inhibitors has improved outcomes in patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC), tumour that develop means of immune evasion become resistant. Here, the authors report that ERBB2 signalling induces loss of MHC Class I expression and subsequently immune evasion in preclinical models of SCLC.

Caspase 8 protein expression is largely absent in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients. Here, the authors generate a caspase 8 deletion SCLC mouse model and show that it promotes a neuronal progenitor-like cell state and pre-tumoral immunosuppression triggered by necroptosis that promotes metastasis.

This work uses gene expression and single cell analyses to group extrapulmonary tuberculosis patients into three immune types, revealing immune pathways driving pathogenesis and markers that could improve diagnosis and guide tailored treatments.

High-throughput chemical ligand discovery is challenged by false positives. Here, authors introduce a scalable enantioselective affinity-selection mass spectrometry approach for proteome-wide ligand discovery with high sensitivity and selectivity

Water has remarkable dynamic properties; a transition from a fragile to a strong liquid has been proposed to explain how they change on cooling. Experiments now show evidence for such a transition in bulk supercooled water at around 233 K.

C-COMPASS is an open-source software designed to predict the spatial cellular distribution of proteins and lipids from cellular organelle profiling using a neural network-based regression model.

Using intracranial electroencephalography from patients with epilepsy during spatial attention tasks, this study shows that high-frequency bursts facilitate fast communications in brain networks and support attentional information routing.

Here, as part of the Sherlock-Lung study, the authors profile the microbiomes of 940 lung cancers in never smokers finding no significant associations with demographic and clinical features, suggesting lung bacteria are unlikely to have a sizable role in lung cancer.

Single-molecule chromatin fiber sequencing exposes single-cell-level heterogeneity in the chromatin architecture of individual regulatory elements.

HMGCR is upregulated by E2F1, driving ferroptosis resistance by reducing oxidative damage triggered by T cell-based therapy. Notably, targeting HMGCR restores ferroptosis sensitivity in immune-refractory tumors, enhancing response to PD-1 blockade as well as adoptive T cell transfer therapy.

Desmoplastic stroma is a hallmark of aggressive colorectal cancer. Matrix cancer-associated fibroblasts derived THBS2 establishes a fibrotic, immune-exclusionary barrier that limits CD8⁺ T cell infiltration, while its inhibition restores CXCR3-mediated T cell recruitment and enhances response to immune checkpoint blockade.

This work presents a global wind power simulation tool that uses high-resolution data and extensive validation to improve accuracy. It corrects wind speed biases and validates against real-world data, enhancing reliability for wind energy assessments across various scales and regions.

The role of ventral tegmental area GABA neurons in behavior is unclear. Here, authors show that VTA GABA but not dopamine neurons integrate positive and negative valence to encode motivational conflict and guide cost-benefit decision making.

Quantum simulations of the phase diagram of quantum chromodynamics faces hard challenges, such as having to prepare mixed states and enforcing the non-Abelian gauge symmetry constraints. Here, the authors show how to solve the two above problems in a trapped-ion device using motional ancillae and charge-singlet measurements.

Wang, Xiao and colleagues develop and validate organ-specific proteomic aging clocks across large population cohorts in the UK, the USA and China, which show strong performance in tracking organ aging and predicting the risk of morbidity and mortality.

Following on from its success in eradicating malignant B cells in cancer, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy has been extended to treat autoimmune diseases. This Review discusses the preclinical studies and ongoing clinical trials of CAR T cells in autoimmune disorders, highlighting future opportunities and challenges.

DNA replication generates torsional stress. Here, the authors found the T7 replisome to be a powerful rotary motor. Helicase-DNA polymerase interactions stabilize stalled forks, enabling restart after gyrase torsional relaxation, highlighting torsion as a key regulator of replication.

Increasing the size of mesoscopic devices based on van der Waals heterostructures triggers additional quantum effects. Here, the authors observe distinct magnetoresistance oscillations in graphene/h-BN Hall bars only in devices wider than 10 μm due to resonant scattering of charge carriers by transverse acoustic phonons in graphene.

Recent MPXV outbreaks underscore the need for better vaccines and treatments. Here, the authors isolate and structurally characterize potent antibodies interacting with A28 that they identify as a key viral surface protein essential for viral entry and that induces strong, protective antibody response in mice.

In this study, the authors develop a flavivirus vaccine strategy by introducing mutations into envelope glycoproteins resulting in structural changes that conceal the ADE-prone fusion loop epitope. They show that the Zika virus-specific construct protects mice against viral challenge and prevents ADE by Dengue virus.

Non-pharmaceutical interventions for COVID-19 also reduced circulation of endemic viruses which may have led to immune waning. Here, the authors use multiplex serology data from King County, Washington, US to characterise age-specific changes in antibody levels to a range of endemic viruses during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Combination immunotherapy approaches might be effective in inducing sustained control of HIV by slowing rebound and improving CD8⁺ T cell responses.

DNA replication in the human genome occurs preferentially at initiation zones (IZs). Here, the authors identify TRESLIN-MTBP as a limiting factor for replication initiation whose loading onto DNA-bound MCM defines IZs. This process establishes IZs and replication timing in human cells.

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of deep learning-derived measurements of aortic valve function, along with multitrait analyses incorporating disease-based GWAS, identify 166 genetic loci associated with aortic valve function or aortic stenosis.

Single-cycle and sub-cycle field transients are typically generated by external pulse compression where a combination of nonlinear broadening followed up by dispersion compensation is used. Here, Balciunas et al. use self-compression in a Kagome fibre to generate phase-controlled single-cycle pulses.

Plastic crystals like neopentyl glycol show strong barocaloric effects but struggle with suitable operating temperatures and low-pressure performance. Here, the authors improved this by blending neopentyl glycol with pentaglycerine and adding 2% pentaerythritol for tunable, reversible phase transitions.

Photodetection is believed to be among the most promising potential applications for graphene. Here, by combining graphene with plasmonic nanostructures, the efficiency of graphene-based photodetectors is increased by up to two orders of magnitude.

Color center magnetometry enables spin-wave imaging in complex magnetic textures. This work overcomes key limitations of current approaches by decoupling sensor spins from control fields and using diamond and hBN color centers for complementary frequency operation, achieving isofrequency imaging of field-controlled spin waves.

The authors found that the Alzheimer’s disease-associated protein tau, widely considered pathogenic when hyperphosphorylated, has a natural function as part of the innate immune system in the brain and can protect against herpes simplex virus 1.

Polymer-coated liposomes specifically target and deliver interleukin-12 to metastatic ovarian cancer, strongly sensitizing the tumours to combination therapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors.

The balance between radial progenitors and intermediate precursors to generate upper-layer neurons during the development and evolution of the cerebral cortex is mediated by members of the tuberous sclerosis complex.

The experimental demonstration of many-body signal amplification in a solid-state, room-temperature quantum sensor is reported.

Mutation detection in cfDNA is crucial for cancer diagnosis and monitoring. Here, the authors develop an Enzymatic Cleavage-directed Single Nucleotide Variant Sequencing by integrating Argonaute-mediated cleavage and stem-loop DNA-initiated PCR amplification for cfDNA mutation detection.