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The CMS experiment at CERN reports one of the highest-precision measurements of the W boson mass, finding it in line with standard model predictions and at odds with recent anomalous measurements.

LHAASO has detected γ-ray emission with a spectrum extending to 2 PeV from the pulsar wind nebula (PWN) powered by PSR J1849-0001, indicating an extreme particle acceleration efficiency and challenging the current particle acceleration theories.

The lack of hormone-responsive follicles is a major challenge in treating infertility related to premature ovarian insufficiency and diminished ovarian reserve. Here, the authors show that intraovarian securinine injection promotes small follicle development in aged mice and cynomolgus macaques by modulating stromal–granulosa signaling.

Global Burden of Disease analysis found that in 2023, suboptimal diet was estimated to be responsible for 4 million deaths and 97 million morbidity burdens from ischemic heart disease.

Global forests show extensive tree-cover loss. Here, the authors report that plant attributes and functions can increase under limited tree-cover loss, but also that this safety margin due to edge effects from fragmentation has already been exceeded in 35.7% of forests globally.

Zehr et al. revealed the 2.7-Å cryo-electron microscopy reconstruction of human microtubules in situ in the axon of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPS cell)-derived neurons. It shows an expanded microtubule lattice yet bound to GDP, in contrast to the compacted lattice observed at the iPS cell stage.

This study found COVID-19 vaccination offers added protection against reinfection in children and adolescents with prior infection but variable effectiveness across variants. Findings support vaccination benefits beyond infection-acquired immunity.

Kancharla, Kelly et al. identify an acridone antimalarial potent across all major parasite life stages. Lead candidate T111 shows oral efficacy, low toxicity, and synergy with tafenoquine, providing a unique mechanism to overcome resistance.

It is unclear whether the superconducting pairing in moiré graphene is driven primarily by electronic interactions. Now, by tuning the electrostatic environment, the authors show that these interactions may play a crucial role in both mediating the pairing and screening it.

Room-temperature multiferroic materials are highly demanded for designing next-generation of spintronic devices. Here, the authors demonstrate an emergent room-temperature ferrimagnetism and polar phase in highly strained La₂CoRuO₆ epitaxial films through engineered 3d−4d cation ordering.

Reducing dissipation when generating spin currents remains a central challenge in spintronics. Now, an artificial ferrimagnet is shown to produce spin current output and simultaneously lower magnetic damping.

Decreased brain volumes and increased NfL levels can be observed earlier than disease diagnosis in short-tandem-repeat-associated neurological diseases.

The transcription factor SlWRI3 integrates fatty acid metabolism with acylsugar biosynthesis in tomato trichomes, coordinating precursor supply and assembly of these natural insect defensive chemicals.

The MFS-type tripartite efflux pump EmrAB-TolC mediates resistance to multiple antimicrobial drugs. Here the authors report the high-resolution structure of the EmrAB TolC pump, along with functional data that support a model for one-step drug transport across the entire envelope of Gram-negative bacteria.

Aging is companied by a progressive decline of physiological functions. Here, the authors report that dihydromyricetin, a plant derived dietary supplement, generates senotherapeutic effects and shows great promise to ameliorate age-related conditions via pharmaceutical intervention.

Here the authors show that marine diatoms produce tryptophanol, a molecule that at extremely low concentrations rapidly activates nitrogen assimilation genes and enzymes. This facilitates acquisition of nitrogen, a vital ocean nutrient.

The study reveals a ‘chemocentric’ strategy for identifying charged molecular glue degraders, through discovering a bromodomain-binding molecular glue degrader prodrug that is metabolically activated in cells to recruit the YPEL5-CTLH E3 ligase.

SWI/SNF complexes are mutated in 20% of cancers, yet the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, the authors identify a compensatory mechanism of chromatin regulation that becomes essential in cancers carrying mutations that broadly inactivate SWI/SNF.

The CMS Collaboration reports the measurement of the spin, parity, and charge conjugation properties of all-charm tetraquarks, exotic fleeting particles formed in proton–proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider.

The magnetospheric cusp is a key solar wind– magnetic field interface. Here, the authors show that Saturn’s cusp has a pronounced dawn–dusk asymmetry, with signatures reaching the postdusk region, unlike Earth’s near-noon cusp.

A technique called condense-seq has been developed to measure nucleosome condensability and used to show that mononucleosomes contain sufficient information to condense into large-scale compartments without requiring any external factors.

Perovskite–organic-based solar cells typically show poor reverse-bias stability. By modulating the deep trap state in the bulk-heterojunction region, organic and perovskite–organic tandem solar cells show largely improved stability under reverse biases up to –40 V.

Supersolid phases are quantum-entangled states of matter exhibiting the dual characteristics of superfluidity and solidity. Here, the authors map the phase diagram of K₂Co(SeO₃)₂. and identify signatures of two supersolid phases separated by a 1/3 magnetization plateau.

A large-scale study on the replicability of claims from social and behavioural science journals reports that about half of the results replicate in the same patterns as the original study.

The authors from the ALICE collaboration identify multiple species of mesons and baryons and measure the anisotropic flow with non-flow removal techniques in pp and p-Pb collisions at the LHC, identifying the hallmark of quark flow associated with an expanding quark-gluon plasma.

Previously uncharacterized cysteine-derived conjugates, including with endogenous sugar metabolites, accumulate in cancer cells with constitutive NRF2 activation and account for some of the increased cystine uptake that cannot be explained by conventional cysteine metabolism.

Divergent white matter metabolic patterns reveal a mechanistic basis for cognitive resilience and enhance prediction of future cognitive decline beyond established aging and dementia biomarkers.

The quark structure of the f₀(980) hadron is still unknown after 50 years of its discovery. Here, the CMS Collaboration reports a measurement of the elliptic flow of the f₀(980) state in proton-lead collisions at a nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass energy of 8.16 TeV, providing strong evidence that the state is an ordinary meson.

Silicon anodes promise much higher battery capacity but are limited by poor storage life. This work identifies key ageing mechanisms and suggests ways to improve long-term stability.

Analysis of 15,836 ancient West Eurasian genomes reveals hundreds of instances of directional selection, showing that sustained changes in allele frequency were widespread, rather than being rare over this period as previously assumed.

Repurposing existing drugs to target new disease-associated genes is a promising strategy, but identifying these targets can be challenging. Here, the authors develop GenT, an approach that uses GWAS data to identify disease-associated druggable genes.

Androgen activity in the male embryonic hindbrain prolongs hindbrain differentiation in male individuals and drives sex differences in the incidence and prognosis of posterior fossa type A (PFA) ependymoma, an aggressive childhood brain tumour.

Template-directed covalent polymerization that proceeds without sacrificing non-covalent order of the precursor during alignment remains a formidable challenge. Here the authors report a supramolecular-templating strategy for photopolymerization of triphenylamine-based diyne assemblies.

Understanding microwave emission from resonating spin spirals is key for on-chip magnonics. Now, real-time spin precession modes with distinct microwave patterns are captured in a helimagnet/ferromagnet heterostructure.

Inflammatory signaling profoundly influences cellular metabolism and stress responses. Here, the authors show that the IKK complex directly controls TFEB stability through β-TrCP2–dependent proteasomal degradation, mechanistically linking inflammation to lysosomal regulation.

cellSTAAR advances noncoding rare variant association analysis by integrating single-cell genomics data.

Widespread declines in common species raise concerns, but links to extinction risk and climate change remain unclear. Here, the authors show that many small climate change effects can accumulate to drive rapid population extinction in a common iconic bird.

The STAR experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider at Brookhaven National Laboratory demonstrates evidence of spin correlations in \(\Lambda \bar{\Lambda }\) hyperon pairs inherited from virtual spin-correlated strange quark–antiquark pairs during QCD confinement.

The human genome contains approximately 800 G proteincoupled receptors (GPCRs), all characterized by a common 7-transmembrane domain architecture. Here, the authors show that PKD1, an 11-transmembrane protein with a noncanonical transient receptor potential (TRP) channel architecture, functions as a GPCR with unique biochemical properties.

A synthetic genetic circuit made up of recombinase-based cell-fate branching devices enables precise control over the ratios of cell types in an offspring population derived from one founder strain, and could be used to build user-defined multicellular aggregates.

In the nonpivotal stage 1 of the randomized phase 3 PRESERVE-003 trial, patients with immunochemotherapy-resistant metastatic squamous non-small cell lung cancer without actionable genomic alterations treated with the next-generation, pH-sensitive anti-CTLA-4 agent gotistobart had encouraging overall survival outcomes compared to docetaxel.

The magnitude of the increase in global river flow between 1980 and 2014 is 13.6% lower than Earth system models estimate and is expected to be 9.3% lower in the future, according to an analysis of emerging constraints on the components of the water cycle.

Soil fauna is an important but often neglected component of terrestrial food webs. Here the authors use a large dataset of stable isotope observations to analyse how soil animal trophic diversity varies across climates and land-use types and identify potential biotic mechanisms.

The authors present SVclone, a computational method for inferring the cancer cell fraction of structural variants from whole-genome sequencing data.

Femtosecond X-ray solution scattering reveals how solvent environments direct the outcome of ultrafast roaming reactions in bromoform, determining whether transient hot isomers undergo rapid solvolysis or rearrange into long-lived isomeric products.

A dated phylogeny of 16,585 vascular plant species native to China reveals three major centres of endemism, including a potential new global biodiversity hotspot.

Photonic time crystals (PTCs) have unveiled unusual band structures and phenomena due to temporal modulation of optical properties. Here, the authors address non-Hermitian features of PTCs within a purely Hermitian Hamiltonian description, bridging classical and quantum approaches.

Identifying jets originating from heavy quarks plays a fundamental role in hadronic collider experiments. In this work, the ATLAS Collaboration describes and tests a transformer-based neural network architecture for jet flavour tagging based on low-level input and physics-inspired constraints.

A population genomic analysis of 1,854 Listeria soil isolates collected across the contiguous United States identifies geographically prevalent phylogroups with increased pangenome openness and recombination, as a result of adaptation to variable environments.

A clinical trial testing whether monitoring ctDNA clearance during treatment for nasopharyngeal cancer could be used to inform decisions about an individual’s subsequent therapeutic programme shows promising results.