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Due to interacting metabolic, renal and cardiovascular dysfunction, cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome is difficult to treat. Here, the authors show a urea-responsive, kidney-targeted nanocarrier enables site-specific SGLT2 inhibition, restores cardiorenal metabolism and improves efficacy.

Precise transcriptional regulation is critical for cellular function and development. In this study, authors unravel a regulatory compensation mechanism that ensures stable and precise transcriptional output for SIN3A, and potentially other dosage-sensitive genes.

The authors report that Ta-doped PbTiO₃ films with a p-i-n structure can generate a high photovoltaic current, offering the opportunity to advanced optoelectronic and imaging devices.

Adult sex ratio is important in breeding systems and sexual selection. Here, the authors show that sex-biased demographic processes, including differences in mortality and maturation between males and females, shape adult sex ratio variation in 261 bird species.

Priority identification of ethane is challenging. Here the authors report flexible–robust TYUT-18 with binary pores, showing distinct gate-opening pressures for ethane and ethylene, reducing competitive adsorption and improving separation efficiency.

Chen et al. report a crystal regulation strategy for 3D perovskites by using functional molecule to adsorb to specific perovskite facets and diminish random crystal facet-correlated defects, yielding pure-blue LEDs with emission peak at 473 nm, linewidth of only 14 nm, and efficiency of 14%.

In vanadium flow batteries, crossovers are critical challenges for membrane design. Here, authors propose a balanced state electrolyte strategy that overcomes crossovers, thereby circumventing existing membrane-related constraints and establishing a new framework for advanced electrolyte design.

Decoding skin gases can reveal a lot about our health. Here, the authors introduce a monolithic AI-powered wearable ring designed to non-invasively monitor dermal volatile-organic-compounds associated with diet-related metabolism.

MicroRNAs are promising disease biomarkers, yet accurately measuring them remains challenging. Here, the authors develop SE-SPTM-PCR, a method which improves sensitivity 100-fold and eliminates false signals, showing improved diagnostic performances for cancer and viral reactivation.

Perovskite–organic-based solar cells typically show poor reverse-bias stability. By modulating the deep trap state in the bulk-heterojunction region, organic and perovskite–organic tandem solar cells show largely improved stability under reverse biases up to –40 V.

There are only a few 3+1-type stellar systems known. Here the authors show that TIC 120362137 is the most compact hierarchical quadruple star, with three stars revolving within an area smaller than Mercury’s orbit, while the fourth star orbits closer to them than Jupiter from our Sun.

The cellular pathology of Japanese encephalitis (JE) remains elusive. Here, the authors use spatial transcriptomics in JE mouse model and show that Ackr1⁺ endothelial cells and Ly6c2⁺ monocytes synergistically drive neuroinflammation, revealing potential therapeutic targets for neurotropic virus infections.

Tunnel oxide passivating contact solar cells face unresolved questions about the atomic scale nature of pinholes that limit performance. The authors use aberration corrected transmission electron microscopy to reveal two pinhole types and showing that oxygen-based passivation rather than pinholes geometry drives efficiency.

The CMS experiment at CERN reports one of the highest-precision measurements of the W boson mass, finding it in line with standard model predictions and at odds with recent anomalous measurements.

Halide solid electrolytes typically require high lithium content, raising costs and exacerbating air sensitivity. Here, authors leverage anion clusters to synthesize an amorphous electrolyte with low lithium content of 2.4 wt%, high ionic conductivity of 1.5 mS cm^-1, and good air-stability.

Across 17 forest plots (2.7 million trees, 5,400 species), competition dominated overall, but facilitation was relatively stronger near the equator and declined towards higher latitudes, partly linked to temperature, legumes, mycorrhizal associations and canopy nursing effect.

The genetic basis underlying resistance to Sclerotinia stem rot (SSR) in oilseed rape remains elusive. Here, the authors identify BnaA07.MKK9 as a pivotal regulator of SSR resistance in oilseed rape by GWAS, providing new insights into plant defense mechanisms against necrotrophic pathogens.

Genomics-guided design of ideotype maize through pyramiding favorable alleles led to hybrid maize varieties suitable for high-density planting, with enhanced yield.

CircPBX1 alleviates metabolic memory-associated erectile dysfunction in diabetic rats by sponging miR-195-5p, restoring YAP1/VEGF signaling and endothelial angiogenic function, highlighting a potential therapeutic target for DMED.

Lisinopril is identified as a BI1 activator that counteracts ALS pathology. It remodels lipid metabolism, restores autophagic flux via TGFβ1/mTOR signaling, and mitigates fibrosis. This multi-target mechanism supports the therapeutic repurposing of lisinopril for ALS.

Native crystallographic defects are often introduced during synthesis of battery materials, but has been overlooked. Here, using in situ synchrotron X-ray probes and electron microscopy, the authors have revealed their adverse effect during battery operation.

Humanity’s Last Exam, a multi-modal benchmark at the frontier of human knowledge, is designed to be an expert-level closed-ended academic benchmark with broad subject coverage.

Producing multi-carbon fuels from carbon dioxide requires catalysts that remain stable under reaction conditions. Here, the authors report operando evidence identifies stable Cu²⁺ sites that enable efficient and selective ethylene generation.

Farnesyl pyrophosphate—a mevalonate pathway metabolic intermediate—is an endogenous alarmin that enhances IgG antibody responses through keratinocyte-derived IL-6 and CCL20.

High temperature impairs tomato fruit set. Here, the authors identify the TSP4a-TSP4b module, homologous to IAA9 and AINTEGUMENTA, which promotes parthenocarpy by suppressing auxin signaling, thereby boosting yield under heat stress.

The APOE-ε4 allele is the strongest genetic risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer’s disease, but it is not deterministic. Here, the authors show that common genetic variation changes how APOE-ε4 influences cognition.

The authors show that NAT10 is upregulated with T cell antigen receptor signaling and that T cell-specific NAT10 deficiency results in diminished numbers of naive T cells, translating to an inability to mount a significant antiviral T cell response.

The formation of glycylglycine, a simple peptide molecule, is possible under non-aqueous interstellar conditions, according to laboratory experiments. Thus, complex organics with biological relevance may predate planetary accretion.

The intercellular disruption leading to persistent inflammation in diabetic wounds remains unclear. Here, Lv et al. identify that the moonlighting function of MAT2A mediates the senescence-inflammation communication between pericytes and macrophages, and provide a potential biomimetic senotherapy for wound regeneration.

Here they show that mitochondria-localized NEK7 couples mitochondrial complex II subunit SDHB to maintain the homeostasis of electron transport in hepatocytes, thereby impeding the progression of liver fibrosis.

To overcome inefficient recycling of carbon fibre waste, the authors develop a rapid, commercially attractive solid-flames upcycling technique that converts waste fibres into graphene-grafted carbon fibres and graphene powders.

Reducing non-radiative recombination at the perovskite/electron transport layer interface remains a critical challenge for achieving efficient perovskite/TOPCon silicon tandem solar cells. Here, authors employ bilayer passivation using AlOx/PDAI2 treatment, achieving device efficiency of 31.6%.

Currently, there is a lack of clear understanding on how glioma cells exploit neural electrophysiological signaling to drive hyper-invasive behavior. Here, the authors integrate custom microfluidics with machine learning-based signal decoding to uncover a mechanism by which tumors actively reprogram neural firing patterns, synchronizing with their microenvironment to enhance invasiveness.

In patients with immunotherapy-resistant, HPV-negative head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HPV- HNSCC), cetuximab (EGFR inhibitor) is the standard of care but success is limited. Here, the authors report the results of their phase II trial investigating dalpicilib (CDK4/6 inhibitor) and cetuximab in patients with immunotherapy resistant HPV- HNSCC.

This study applies generalized linear mixed models (GLMM) and advanced transcriptome wide association study (TWAS) methods to improve the discovery of colorectal cancer risk transcription factors and genes, including potential druggable targets.

The use of organic photoactive materials in direct solar water-splitting devices has been limited by recombination losses and their instability in aqueous media. Daboczi et al. report that stable and efficient devices based on organic photoactive layers can be achieved through the application of catalyst-functionalized protective graphite sheets.

Less is known about the entire microbial pathogen profile of small mammals. Here, the authors analyse 2,408 tissue-resolved metatranscriptomes to map the infectome in small mammals, uncovering high viral, bacterial, fungal and parasitic diversity and showing how geography, hosts, and seasons shape zoonotic risk.

A uniform distribution of interfacial dipole molecules is essential to regulate interfacial energy levels and carrier extraction. Here, authors incorporate a bifunctional antisymmetric molecule anchoring on tin oxide and perovskite, achieving maximum efficiency of 26.43% in perovskite solar cells.

Exploring active and durable catalysts for seawater electrolysis is crucial for sustainable hydrogen production. Here, the authors report a strategy for designing a nickel-molybdenum catalyst for photothermal-promoted anion exchange membrane seawater electrolysis.