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Tumor endothelial cells are essential stromal components in the tumor microenvironment. Here the authors find that endothelial-specific deletion of PDLIM5, an actin-binding protein, could inhibit tumor angiogenesis and tumor growth as well as enhance therapeutic responses in mouse tumor models.

Here they show that G9a-mediated H3K9me2 regulates intestinal homeostasis and injury repair through repression of cell cycle arrest genes in both mouse and human.

The mechanisms underlying oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) and neuron interactions remain unclear. Here, the authors show that chromatin remodeler BAF155 regulates OPC differentiation and myelination by coordinating synaptic genes for OPC neuron communication, contributing to autism-like behavioral deficits in mice

Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is a rare and aggressive neuroendocrine tumor with limited risk stratification. Here, the authors perform multi-omic analysis of MTC samples from 452 patients across 10 Chinese clinical centers, identify molecular subtypes and develop a prediction model.

Previous clinical studies suggested that Insulin-like growth factor binding-protein 7 (IGFBP7) is elevated in early stages of diabetes. Here authors showed tubule and glomerular-specific IGFBP7 promotes diabetic kidney disease.

Overcoming the suppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) is crucial to improving the efficacy of cancer therapy. Here the authors show that, in mouse cancer models, administration of exogenous IL-16 establishes a Th1-dominant TME via regulation of glutamine catabolism and triggers a Th1 cell-macrophage crosstalk, enhancing anti-tumor immune responses and the efficacy of immunotherapy.

Shang, Zhao, Ying and colleagues report that the mechanosensor PIEZO1 senses blood shear stress in hematopoietic stem cells, driving proliferation and myeloid bias. This axis links mechanical force to inflammation-induced aging, and PIEZO1 emerges as a potential therapeutic target.

This study finds HFD downregulates RKIP expression via inhibiting its Spalmitoylation. This impairs translation of PEMT, an essential enzyme for ER lipid homeostasis, exacerbating PC/PE imbalance and ER stress, thereby driving MAFLD progression.

The authors conducted a genome-wide association study of bipolar disorder (BD) in Han Chinese and integrated PGC4 East Asian and European datasets, discovering 23 novel loci, prioritizing 39 credible risk genes and implicating BD-related cell types and druggable targets.

This study demonstrates that ABHD10, a mitochondrial depalmitoylase, is indispensable for male fertility in mice. ABHD10 deficiency causes sperm motility defects by disrupting mitochondrial sheath formation and oxidative phosphorylation.

Growth factor signalling has been shown to alleviate tissue fibrosis and promote repair. Here, the authors use fibroblast growth factor 7 (FGF7) knockout mice and an FGF7-loaded hydrogel to show that this factor can promote functional regeneration of tendon.

Abnormal T cell proliferation often triggers autoimmune disorders. Here the authors show that T cell-specific deficiency of the enzyme N-acetyltransferase 10 ameliorates experimental autoimmune encephalitis potentially by RACK1-mediated regulation of T cell metabolism and expansion.

Pathogenic tick-borne viruses (TBVs) are a global threat to public and veterinary health. In this Review, Cao and colleagues highlight the diversity of the tick virome, review human and animal TBV pathogens, outline clinical features of human TBV infections, describe factors impacting ticks and TBV spread, and discuss the need for integrated One Health control strategies.

Sequencing the genome and microbiome of about 1,500 tick samples from regions across China revealed host–microbe associations in ticks that could have implications for controlling ticks and tick-borne diseases.

How excitatory neurons (EN) acquire senescence is unclear. Here, the authors show that GDF11 in ENs slows EN senescence, brain ageing, cognitive decline and maintains lifespan, revealing a mechanism underlying EN senescence and brain ageing.

This study reveals that the synergistic effect of proton-limited environments and multi-site cooperative activation coupling substantially improves the electrocatalytic co-reduction of CO₂ and N₂ towards urea production, enabling gram-scale synthesis.

Inspired by class II aldolases found in nature, the authors report a biomimetic copper/squaramide cooperative catalysis strategy for asymmetric Mannich reactions between challenging acyclic ketimines and α-substituted β-keto esters.

ANPELA is a software package to compare and assess the performance of different workflows for processing single-cell proteomic data, ensuring the user selects the most appropriate processing workflow for their experimental design question.

Quantum information cannot be copied, posing challenges for long-distance communication due to signal losses. Here the quantum relay architecture using a single-photon source enhances the signal-to-noise ratio of quantum information transmission.

The diversity and spillover potential of pangolin-associated microbes are not fully understood. Here, the authors describe the distribution and spectrum of reported pangolin microbes by integrating data from multiple sources and assess their potential to emerge as human pathogens.

How do sounds affect emotions? The authors reveal that noise can suppress the rewarding-dopamine system through a non-canonical auditory pathway, leading to negative emotions like aversion and anxiety.

It is important to understand cellular uptake of nanoparticles, but the effects of cell cycle and autophagy are underexplored. Here, the authors construct a multi-functional, multi-dimensional platform, and use this to characterise the effects of cell cycle- and autophagy-associated cellular accumulation of clinically used lipid-based nanoparticles.

Small γ-Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles (<2 nm) encapsulated in the pores of a conductive metal–organic framework enable the efficient electrosynthesis of urea through the co-reduction of CO₂ and nitrate under neutral conditions.

Untargeted metabolomics reveals that 11,12-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid released from macrophages via gasdermin G pores has a key role in promoting fibroblast growth factor-dependent muscle regeneration following injury.

Dipterocarp trees are iconic but severely threatened species in Asian rainforests. This study assembles high-quality genomes of seven dipterocarp species to reveal the molecular basis of key adaptations and identifies a recent sharp population decline coinciding with local human activity.

Heterotopic ossification (HO) is the formation of pathological mature bone within extraskeletal soft tissues, and there are currently no reliable methods for removing these calcified plaques. Here, the authors demonstrate that chemically engineered osteoclasts coated with tetracycline can improve their targeting capacity to ectopic calcifications, which extends their bone resorption functions for the treatment of HO.

Antimicrobial proteins have been implicated in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Here the authors report, using both mouse genetic models and human samples, RNASE4 as a potential antimicrobial protein targeting Parasutterella to alter gut microbiota and metabolite homeostasis, impact susceptibility to IBD, and serve as a potential target for IBD therapy.

Multiple pathogenic viruses are identified in a large set of pangolins, which shows that trading pangolins for scales or flesh may increase the risk of emergence of viral infections.

Although allogeneic chimaeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells can overcome manufacturing bottlenecks for cancer immunotherapy, immune rejection reduces the persistence and efficacy of allogeneic cells. Here, the authors demonstrate that CAR-T cells engineered to be resistant to cyclosporin A show improved engraftment and mediate robust tumour-specific responses in allogeneic recipients.

The contribution of myelin plasticity to autism spectrum disorder remains poorly understood. Here authors demonstrate that mutations in Nlgn3 lead to hypomyelination and reduced parvalbumin interneuron activity, while enhancing myelination ameliorates autism-like sensory processing deficits.

High-entropy ceramic dielectrics show promise for capacitive energy storage but struggle due to vast composition possibilities. Here, the authors propose a generative learning approach for finding high-energy-density high-entropy dielectrics in a practically infinite exploration space of over 10¹¹ combinations.

Neisseria gonorrhoeae secretes outer membrane vesicles (OMV) during colonization of epithelial cells. Here, the authors demonstrate that gonococcal OMVs induce epithelial cell mitophagy by a PorB-dependent mechanism to enhance intracellular survival.

Age-dependent decline in remyelination in the CNS is associated with declined differentiation capacity of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs). Here, the authors show nuclear entry of SIRT2 is impaired and NAD+ levels are reduced during ageing in mouse OPCs. β-nicotinamide mononucleotide (β-NMN) supplement delays myelin aging and enhances remyelination in the aged mice.

The authors report on the structure of a glucocorticoid-bound adhesion G-protein-coupled receptor–G protein complex.

Illuminating internal organs and tissues with high controllability and adaptability remains challenging. Here the authors present a flexible, biodegradable photonic device called iCarP for large area, high intensity, wide spectrum, deeply penetrating, continuous or pulsatile illumination.

The authors report a family of photocatalysts containing Ce active sites and perylene diimide ligands for the aerobic oxidation of substituted toluene, ethylbenzene, benzyl alcohol, thioanisole, and benzylamine in acetonitrile.

The p53 tumor suppressor gene is frequently mutated in liver cancer. Here the authors show that restoration of p53 expression with a mRNA nanoparticle platform elicits anti-tumor immune responses and promotes response to immune checkpoint blockade in preclinical models of p53-null hepatocellular carcinoma.