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Global Burden of Disease estimates show that between 1990 and 2023, the prevalence and burden of drug use disorders, inclusive of amphetamine, cannabis, cocaine and opioid use, have been increasing in high-income countries, particularly in the USA.

Solid electrolytes are key to safer, high-energy batteries. Here, authors show that divalent-anion-driven framework regulation in Zr-based halides tunes the lattice and boosts Li⁺ transport, offering a universal design principle for advanced halide electrolytes.

Estimates from the Global Burden of Disease study reveal declines in chronic respiratory disease mortality between 1990 and 2023—especially during the COVID-19 pandemic—but the burdens on people affected remain substantial.

The integration of high-κ dielectric materials with 2D semiconductors remains an important challenge for the implementation of post-silicon 2D electronics. Here, the authors report a HfSe₂ plasma oxidation method to integrate HfO₂ dielectric layers on both n- and p-type 2D semiconducting channels, showing the realisation of high-performance complementary electronic devices.

Fluorine-containing binders in battery dry electrode processing raise environmental concerns regarding restrictions on per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances. Here, authors show that a fluorine-free binder, Parafilm, can be an alternative to enable primer-free high-loading electrodes with stable cycling for sustainable lithium-ion batteries.

Ultralow-power ferroelectric field-effect transistors are used to achieve low-power NAND flash memory, overcoming the trade-off between multi-level capability and power efficiency and paving the way for next-generation storage memory.

Despite their structural similarity, homologous series often require individual synthetic routes and distinct starting materials. Now it has been shown that a designer methylene dication reagent transforms alkenes and nucleophiles, typically primed for 1,2-difunctionalization, into 1,3-difunctionalized products such as azetidines, 1,3-diazides and 1,3-dihalides through the incorporation of a single-carbon unit during molecular assembly.

The authors identify TMEM145 as a critical protein in cochlear outer hair cells, responsible for linking their stereocilia. Mice lacking TMEM145 develop severe hearing loss at an early age, providing new insights into hearing loss mechanisms.

Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is caused by mtDNA mutations. Here, authors generated a mouse model with the common LHON mutation and showed that optimized TALE-like deaminases restored both phenotype and genotype via high-fidelity mitochondrial base editing.

The C–H functionalization of polymers enables the direct incorporation of new functional groups into polymer backbones but developing reactions that achieve selective functionalization while preserving the intrinsic features of polymers remains challenging. Here, the authors present a transition metal-free post-functionalization approach for polyethers via a photoinduced C–H amidation reaction.

Realizing >5 V batteries is hindered by the instability of electrolytes. Here, a fluoride shielding layer, LiCl-4Li₂TiF₆, enables high-voltage, high-capacity all-solid-state batteries because of its combined oxidative stability and Li⁺ conductivity.

Resistive switching is a promising technology to replace current non-volatile memory technologies such as flash. The demonstration of a fast, stable and highly scalable resistive-switching memory device represents a significant advance towards the practical implementation of this technology.

The authors identify AgcT as the glycosyltransferase required for synthesis of Bacteroides fragilis-derived α-galactosylceramides (BfaGCs), metabolites known to regulate natural killer T cells, and its structural homologue BgsB that synthesizes α-glycosyl diacylglycerols (aGDGs). They establish a functional link between the production of BfaGCs or aGDGs and the activity and development of natural killer T cells.

To reach terabit density in random access memory devices, the select switching and storage components need to be improved. Here, the authors fabricate a fully stackable switching device based on chalcogenides, which reaches an exceptional performance following reactive nitrogen and nitrogen plasma treatments.

Few-layer molybdenum ditelluride and tungsten diselenide field-effect transistors can be reversibly doped with different carrier types and concentrations using pulses of ultraviolet and visible light, allowing reconfigurable complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor circuits to be created.

Doil Choi and colleagues report the genome sequence of the hot pepper, Capsicum annuum, as well as the resequencing of two cultivated peppers and a wild species, Capsicum chinense. Comparative genomic analysis across Solanaceae provides insights into genome expansion, pungency, ripening and disease resistance in hot peppers.

A laser can be used to locally dope two-dimensional molybdenum ditelluride channels, allowing both n- and p-doped channels to be assembled within the same atomic plane and for device arrays of n–p–n bipolar junction transistor amplifiers and radial p–n photovoltaic cells to be fabricated.

Tissue engineering is essential for drug screening and regenerative medicine. Here, authors developed an acoustofluidic method that can induce morphogenesis of therapeutic tissues at varied dimensions/scales.

An electrodeposition method is proposed for the growth of elemental metal nanosheets with aligned grain orientation using a confined 2D template. Nucleation and growth are controlled within a confined 2D channel, resulting in nanosheets with high in-plane electrical anisotropy (>10³), highlighting their potential as switching elements.

Metallic van der Waals magnets have considerable technological promise, due to their ability to be strongly coupled with electronic currents and integrated in two dimensional heterostructures. Here, Seo et al. demonstrate highly tunable itinerant antiferromagnetism in a van der Waals magnet.

The chaperone Hsp70 has a dual role, promoting both protein refolding and protein degradation. Seo and Park et al. show that Hsp70 acetylation enhances protein refolding after stress, and that subsequent deacetylation progressively promotes ubiquitin ligase binding and protein degradation.

Conventional stretchable circuit fabrication requires complex packaging to prevent leakage. Here the authors introduce a self packaging stretchable circuit enabled by in situ sintering of ligand-bound liquid metal particles, allowing scalable, leakage-free, multilayer integration.

Systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease study reported that, despite global improvements from 1990 to 2021, dietary iron deficiency-associated disease burden remains high in women, children and residents in low socio-demographic index countries.

Comparison of spontaneous canine cancers and human cancers may illuminate future therapeutic avenues. Here, genomic analyses of these tumors highlights a convergence on PI3K-Akt oncogenic pathways.

Analysis of genomic and transcriptomic data from 462 patient-derived tumor cell (PDC) samples across 14 cancer types, along with pharmacological responses to 60 agents, indicates that PDC-derived drug sensitivities might be predictive of clinical response to targeted therapies.

This study shows that cerebellar Bergmann glia process noxious stimuli by integrating signals from the locus coeruleus. This mechanism modulates pain-related behaviors. These findings provide insight into cerebellar involvement in pain processing.

Akkermansia muciniphila has several clades (AmI-AmIV), with one clade usually dominating per host. Here, the authors show AmII-derived extracellular vesicles mediate competitive exclusion of AmI via direct inhibition and immune stimulation.

In this protocol, the authors explain how to set up and use the cloud-based Precision Health Integrated Diagnostic (PHIND) system, a smart-toilet-based platform for passive and automated defecation monitoring to provide continuous gut health information.

The goals, resources and design of the NHLBI Trans-Omics for Precision Medicine (TOPMed) programme are described, and analyses of rare variants detected in the first 53,831 samples provide insights into mutational processes and recent human evolutionary history.

Meter-scale fabrication of conductive fibers with both electrical and mechanical stability is crucial for the advancement of digital apparel. This study presents a heterostructure printing technique for producing such fibers, accelerating the practical adoption of wearable electronic textiles.