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Treatment failure exists in Induction chemotherapy followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) for locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (LA-NPC) patients. Here this group reports a phase 2 randomized trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of adding nimotuzumab, to CCRT on 246 patients with untreated, non-keratinising, stage II–IVA LA-NPC.

Here the authors present a photoinduced Mn(II)-bipyridine catalyzed cross-coupling reaction between aryl halides, particularly less-reactive aryl chlorides, and nucleophiles containing nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur.

Despite rapid development of model algorithms, more evidence is needed on the widespread clinical implementation of auto-segmentation tools. In this prospective, multicenter, observational trial, the authors find that AI-assisted delineation performs better than manual delineation while improving time efficiency and reducing performance metrics variability across centers and physicians with varying expertise.

Conventional neuromorphic vision systems based on pixels-to-one-memristor architecture face efficiency challenge. Here, Sun et al. report an architecture employing one-pixel-to-multiple-memristor structure, mapping weight updates to voltage vectors to enhance both processing speed and energy efficiency.

Salvinorin A is a furanoclerodane diterpenoid produced by Salvia divinorum. Here, the authors assemble the S. divinorum genome and, through comparative genomics with non-producing Salvia species, identify steps in salvinorin A biosynthesis involving cytochrome P450 and methyltransferase enzymes.

This study introduces a total atmospheric energy proxy into precipitation forecasts, improving extreme precipitation prediction at sub-seasonal and longer timescales. Moreover, it shows that the predictive value added by total energy has grown substantially in recent years.

This work demonstrates that embedding MnCoGe particles within magnesium alloys transforms the irreversible thermal expansion into a self-compensating behavior, yielding zero thermal expansion from 25 to 150 °C while retaining high strength and ultralow density.

The COMPASSION16 trial showed survival benefits of cadonilimab plus standard therapy in advanced cervical cancer. Here, subgroup analysis confirms consistent progression-free and overall survival improvements across diverse patient profiles.

High-latitude soils are future soil organic carbon loss hotspots, with losses dominated by particulate organic carbon (POC). The fraction of POC in total SOC (f_POC) is a key indicator, emphasizing the climate importance of preserving POC.

Spatial principles of regulatory elements in primate cortex are poorly understood. Here, authors show a chromatin accessibility atlas identifying primate-specific cis-elements associated with psychiatric disease risks in specific cell types.

The mid-infrared (MIR) range of the electromagnetic spectrum can be indirectly accessed by frequency upconversion. Here, authors propose a phase-matching-free scheme for broadband and efficient upconversion, covering wavelengths from MIR to ultraviolet with high-order harmonics generated from a NbOI₂ crystal. MIR imaging is demonstrated with a standard silicon camera.

Multi-trait genetic analysis in East Asians identifies a novel gastric cancer risk locus shared with cardiovascular traits and shows that this variant modulates regulation of nearby genes, including VEZT, with functional effects on gastric cancer cell behaviour.

Hydrogen spillover enhances hydrogen production but is hindered by electronic barriers at phase interfaces. Here, the authors report a Ni₁₇W₃-WO₂ with a built-in strain gradient and directional electron transfer to enable non-interfacial hydrogen spillover, delivering high activity and durability.

Here, the authors report a bacterial anti-phage defense system that targets the phage DNA entry phase. This system is termed HXS and consists of four proteins that function together to inhibit phage DNA entry providing broad-spectrum activity.

The differential cholinergic modulation of two different premotor inputs to projection neurons in the vocal motor pallial nucleus RA provides a mechanism for adult songbirds to stabilize their songs.

Programmable supramolecular COF/MXene assemblies integrate convenient H₂O₂ photoproduction with photothermal units, realizing long-term O₂ capture, in situ H₂O₂ synthesis and utilization toward decentralized green chemical manufacturing.

Topological interfacial coupling enhances PMA in 2D Fe₄GeTe₂, yielding coexisting IMA/PMA components enabling field-free SOT switching at low current density with polarity control, demonstrating reconfigurable logic for low-power spintronics.

Tunnel oxide passivating contact solar cells face unresolved questions about the atomic scale nature of pinholes that limit performance. The authors use aberration corrected transmission electron microscopy to reveal two pinhole types and showing that oxygen-based passivation rather than pinholes geometry drives efficiency.

African swine fever virus (ASFV) virions mainly contain capsid protein p72. Here, the authors show that host cyclophilin A binds to and stabilizes p72, promoting viral factory formation and virion assembly, thus offering a promising anti-ASFV target.

Perovskite–organic-based solar cells typically show poor reverse-bias stability. By modulating the deep trap state in the bulk-heterojunction region, organic and perovskite–organic tandem solar cells show largely improved stability under reverse biases up to –40 V.

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are linked to dyslipidemia, but why individuals respond differently is unclear. Here, the authors use a national biomonitoring cohort to reveal how specific genetic variants interact with PBDE exposure to increase risk, identifying a key mechanism that disrupts cholesterol metabolism.

BioMedAgent is a self-evolving LLM multi-agent framework that learns to use various bioinformatics tools and chain them into executable workflows for autonomously carrying out diverse biomedical data tasks initiated by natural-language prompts.

Mitochondrial genomes of bilateral animals exhibit high variability in architectural rearrangement rates, but the reason for this disparity remains unknown. This study provides evidence that purifying selection mediated by locomotory capacity and species ecology is a major driver of mitogenomic architectural evolution.

Zhang, Huang, Wang, Long et al. report that NAT10 enhances serine uptake and biosynthesis in an ac4C-dependent mechanism, thereby promoting stemness and progression in acute myeloid leukaemia.

Japonica subspecies has a lower nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) than that of indica rice. Here, the authors show that natural variations in the NIN-like protein 4 (OsNLP4) encoding gene are responsible for the divergence and introgression of the indica OsNLP4 allele into elite japonica cultivar can increase NUE and grain yield.

In the nonpivotal stage 1 of the randomized phase 3 PRESERVE-003 trial, patients with immunochemotherapy-resistant metastatic squamous non-small cell lung cancer without actionable genomic alterations treated with the next-generation, pH-sensitive anti-CTLA-4 agent gotistobart had encouraging overall survival outcomes compared to docetaxel.

This work effectively addresses the long-standing challenge of competitive kinetics in heterogeneous Fenton-like systems through the synergistic interaction between nitrogen vacancies (Nv) and Fe sites on carbon nitride.

CD8⁺ T cell abundance in the tumor microenvironment is critical for immunotherapy success. This study shows that the STING–TOX axis suppresses CD8⁺ T cell antitumor activity by inducing ferroptosis. STING–TOX-deficient CD8⁺ T cells enhance outcomes when combined with checkpoint blockade or chemotherapy.

Self-assembled monolayers are efficient hole-selective contacts but suffer from aggregation and adhesion issues. To address these, Wang et al. introduce a dimeric molecular design that forms a hydrogen-bond network, enabling 28.4% certified efficiency in all-perovskite tandem solar cells.

Coastal ocean warming drives the recent increase in large-scale aggregation of humid heatwaves, accounting for up to two-thirds of their rising frequency and spatial extent, according to climate reanalyses and model simulations from 1982–2023.

A genetically engineered pig model carrying the human huntingtin mutation with an expanded cytosine–adenine–guanine repeat reveals microglia-driven recruitment of T cells that accelerates striatal neurodegeneration in Huntington’s disease.

The efficiency of selenium photovoltaics is hindered by the poor crystallization of the Se film. Wen, Li, Lu and colleagues use light to initiate Se crystallization, suppressing dewetting and enabling the formation of a continuous film, which achieves a certified efficiency of 10.3%.

Quantum computers often exhibit a bias in the type of error that is the most common or severe. Entanglement has now been demonstrated for qubits encoded with an error correction code that is designed to efficiently handle biased errors.

Humanity’s Last Exam, a multi-modal benchmark at the frontier of human knowledge, is designed to be an expert-level closed-ended academic benchmark with broad subject coverage.

Zhai et al. report newly designed self-assembled molecules exhibiting strong and ordered anchoring on the perovskite surface to reduce defects and modulate the dipole-induced energy-level, enabling certified efficiencies of 26.23% in a normal device structure, which are also applicable to inverted perovskite solar cells.

In the phase III NAPOLI-3 trial, first-line treatment with NALIRIFOX was associated with improved overall survival compared to gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel in patients with metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Here the authors report the results of a randomized phase II trial comparing the two regimens, NALIRIFOX versus Gemcitabine plus Nab-Paclitaxel, in Chinese patients.

How site-specific tumor microenvironment (TME) drives the metastasis of high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) remains unclear. Here, the authors employ an integrated single cell multi-omics approach to map the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of HGSOC metastasis TME and identify an interaction network within the TME driven by SELENOP⁺ macrophages and pre-exhausted CD8⁺ T cells.

The APOE-ε4 allele is the strongest genetic risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer’s disease, but it is not deterministic. Here, the authors show that common genetic variation changes how APOE-ε4 influences cognition.

The relocalization of the vacuolar calcium pump Cdt1 to the plasma membrane contributes to fluconazole adaptation in Candida auris.

The authors show that NAT10 is upregulated with T cell antigen receptor signaling and that T cell-specific NAT10 deficiency results in diminished numbers of naive T cells, translating to an inability to mount a significant antiviral T cell response.

Here, the authors present structural and mechanistic insights into the inhibition of fungal β-1,3-glucan synthase, a key enzyme in fungal cell wall synthesis, by triterpenoid drugs.