Search

Genome-wide association meta-analysis identifies 58 independent risk loci for major anxiety disorders among individuals of European ancestry and implicates GABAergic signaling as a potential mechanism underlying genetic risk for these disorders.

An anti-HIV-1 antibody that targets an N332_gp120 glycan-independent V3 epitope, a site of Env vulnerability, can decline viremia in HIV-1-infected humanized mice while overcoming classical V3 escape mutations.

Juno radio occultations precisely redefine Jupiter’s shape, measuring a polar diameter of 66,842 km and an equatorial diameter of 71,488 km, both smaller than long-used values, bringing models of the planet’s interior into better agreement with observations.

Large-effect variants in autism remain elusive. Here, the authors use long-read sequencing to assemble phased genomes for 189 individuals, identifying pathogenic variants in TBL1XR1, MECP2, and SYNGAP1, plus nine candidate structural variants missed by short-read methods.

Using a non-human primate model, the authors identified the tissue sites of initial viral rebound after discontinuation of antiretroviral therapy, demonstrating that such rebound preferentially occurs in the gastrointestinal tract-associated lymphoid tissues.

The authors show how Vγ1⁺ γδ T cells produce IL-4 to drive early CD8⁺ T cell and dendritic cell responses to malaria infection in mice.

This study reveals high-spin state formation and quintet-mediated emission in diphenylhexatriene oligomers. Quintet states dominate delayed fluorescence up to room temperature, establishing a spin-selective platform for quantum technologies.

The inability of intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells to shift the circadian clock in the suprachiasmatic nucleus during daytime is caused by light-dependent depolarization block of these cells.

Understanding collective behaviour is an important aspect of managing the pandemic response. Here the authors show in a large global study that participants that reported identifying more strongly with their nation reported greater engagement in public health behaviours and support for public health policies in the context of the pandemic.

Engineering motif-specific 'hot spots' into an antibody scaffold yields antibodies with high affinity to targets containing phosphoserine, phosphothreonine or phosphotyrosine.

Ribosomes convert chemical energy to mechanical work. Here, the authors monitor ribosome binding to the GTPase EF-G and the ensuing mechanical work on mRNA in real time, uncovering a major energetic contribution from EF-G binding, rather than GTP hydrolysis, to the mechanical work.

Sea-ice expansion around Antarctica, and related surface cooling, is shown to be linked to natural long-term variability of Southern Ocean convection. Model simulations reproduce the observed trends, if they start from an active phase of convection.

Shinzawa et al. developed CD8^Dual mice that express CD8 co-receptors from both Cd4 and Cd8 gene loci. Using this model they find that thymic distribution of major histocompatibility complex class I peptides influences lineage commitment and CD8⁺ T cell function.

A combination of biochemical, cell biological and electron microscopy analyses reveal a ‘nucleotide code’ that coordinates Lis1–dynein binding stoichiometry, which in turn governs Lis1’s ability to relieve dynein autoinhibition.

Molecular bilayer crystals of an organic semiconductor can exhibit metallic charge transport down to 8 K with an electrical conductivity of up to 245 S cm⁻¹, as well as charge carrier mobility values of more than 100 cm² V⁻¹ s⁻¹ at 20 K.

Microbial consortia offer a promising route for sustainable wastewater treatment but are often constrained by inefficient interspecies metabolic interactions. This study shows that hydrogel-defined mesospace confinement enhances interspecies cross-feeding by regulating transmembrane transport and metabolite retention, improving pathway selectivity and treatment efficiency.

Humanity’s Last Exam, a multi-modal benchmark at the frontier of human knowledge, is designed to be an expert-level closed-ended academic benchmark with broad subject coverage.

Global Burden of Disease estimates show that between 1990 and 2023, the prevalence and burden of drug use disorders, inclusive of amphetamine, cannabis, cocaine and opioid use, have been increasing in high-income countries, particularly in the USA.

Short-circuiting during fast charging through lithium dendrite intrusion into electrolytes is a major challenge in solid-state batteries. Here, using thermally annealed 3-nm-thick Ag coatings, lithium penetration into brittle electrolyte Li_6.6La₃Zr_1.6Ta_0.4O₁₂ is inhibited at local current densities of 250 mA cm⁻² due to an increase in surface fracture toughness.

The short Argonaute-based bacterial defence system SPARDA exhibits collateral nuclease activity during phage infection. Here, the authors show that target DNA-induced filament assembly of SPARDA leads to tetramerization and activation of the DREN nuclease domain.

The Greenland shark, the longest-living vertebrate, inhabits the dim, frigid depths of the Arctic Ocean. Despite its extreme lifespan, this study finds that its vision remains intact and well-adapted for life in dim light, revealing remarkable preservation of sensory function across centuries.

Wei et al. perform spatial transcriptomic profiling on synovial tissue biopsy samples from individuals with recent-onset rheumatoid arthritis, finding TGFβ signaling and fibrogenic fibroblast activation drive a treatment-refractory tissue phenotype.

Here the authors show DNGR-1 expressed by cDC1s promotes CD8⁺ T cell priming to cytoskeletal neoantigens from dying tumor cells, thereby shaping cancer immune visibility and tumor evolution through immunoediting.

The early genetic evolution of uveal melanoma (UM) remains poorly understood. Here, the authors perform genetic profiling of 1140 primary UMs, including 131 small early-stage tumours, finding that most genetic driver aberrations have occurred by the time small tumours are biopsied; in addition, the15-gene expression profile discriminant score can predict the transition from low- to high-risk tumours.

Wastewater-based surveillance tends to focus on specific pathogens. Here, the authors mapped the wastewater virome from 62 cities worldwide to identify over 2,500 viruses, revealing city-specific virome fingerprints and showing that wastewater metagenomics enables early detection of emerging viruses.

Interactions between dark matter and neutrinos would leave observable imprints on cosmic structures. Combining cosmic microwave background and weak lensing data shows a nearly three-sigma preference for such interactions.

Understanding the mechanisms underlying the survival of drug tolerant persister cells following chemotherapy remains elusive. Here, multi-omics analysis and experimental approaches show that the germ-cell-specific H3K4 methyltransferase PRDM9 promotes metabolic rewiring in glioblastoma stem cells.

Contaminants such as CO₂ and H₂S present in natural gas and biogas streams must be removed before use; existing strategies to do so can be rather complex. Here, the authors use a fluorinated porous metal–organic framework to remove CO₂ and H₂S from CH₄-rich feeds in a single step, potentially simplifying the process.

Telomerase recruitment to telomeres is a tightly regulated process which is stimulated by replication stress. Here, the authors identify that nuclear filamentous actin is important for interaction between telomerase and telomeres, ultimately facilitating productive telomere extension by telomerase.

A 1.5-fold gap exists in green space cooling adaptation between cities in the Global South and North. Enhancing urban green space quality and quantity offers vast potential for improving outdoor cooling adaptation and reducing its global inequality.

Animal pathogens often have multiple strains that compete for hosts. A combination of theory and data shows that strain coexistence in an insect virus is determined by the joint effects of population cycles and natural selection on host resistance.

Replication-dependent histone mRNA decay involves the RNA helicase UPF1, the histone stem-loop binding protein SLBP and the exoribonuclease 3’hExo. Here, the authors present evidence for assembly of a degradosome-like complex involving the three proteins and delineate the mechanism that drives their concerted action to achieve histone mRNA decay.

The combination of JWST and ALMA data here unravel the history of the gas content of a quiescent galaxy, which became quenched through an act of self-sabotage. Black-hole accretion feedback heated the galaxy’s surrounding material, preventing its accretion.

Coordinated ground- and space-based observations of a solar flare reveal synchronized quasi-periodic pulsations in downflowing chromospheric plasma, resulting from electron acceleration modulated by repeated magnetic reconnection.

The authors show that the CD4 mimetic CJF-III-288 stabilizes HIV-1 Env in an asymmetric “open” State-3 conformation, guiding anti-CoRBS antibodies to boost ADCC against infected cells and delay viral rebound in vivo, underscoring therapeutic promise.

This study investigates a calcium-permeable AMPAR–gated microcircuit in the nucleus accumbens during social bonding in prairie voles. By showing that disrupting calcium-permeable AMPAR signaling impairs ensemble-level encoding despite increasing single-neuron selectivity, the work reveals how coordinated ensemble dynamics transform social interaction into enduring attachment.

The recent global mpox outbreaks underscore the critical need for antiviral development, hindered by the complexity of the MPXV genome. Using yeast TAR cloning, CRISPR-Cas9, and Lambda Red recombination to engineer replication-defective MPXV, the authors offer a platform for therapeutic research and identify G243-1720, a compound with a tecovirimat-like mechanism, as a promising anti-poxvirus compound.

Analysis of soundscape data from 139 globally distributed sites reveals that sounds of biological origin exhibit predictable rhythms depending on location and season, whereas sounds of anthropogenic origin are less predictable. Comparisons between paired urban–rural sites show that urban green spaces are noisier and dominated by sounds of technological origin.

This study identifies key neurocognitive domains that distinguish patients with schizophrenia from healthy individuals using machine learning. Analyzing data from 1,304 participants, it demonstrates that verbal learning and emotion identification effectively classify conditions, promoting efficient neurocognitive profiling strategies.

The textile industry’s reliance on synthetic dyes is an important source of greenhouse gas emissions. Here the authors describe a process involving sustainable solvents that allows the extraction, purification, and reuse of dyes, as well as the recycling of dye-free fabrics.

Superradiance is usually driven by light-mediated couplings, leaving the role of direct emitter interactions unclear. Now, it is shown that dipole–dipole interactions in diamond spins drive self-induced pulsed and continuous superradiant masing.

How chemotherapeutic nucleoside 6-thio-2’-deoxyguanosine (6-thiodG) targets telomerase to inhibit telomere maintenance in cancer cells and tumors was unclear. Here, the authors show that telomere length and telomerase status determine 6-thio-dG sensitivity and uncover the molecular mechanism by which 6-thio-dG selectively inhibits telomerase synthesis of telomeric DNA.

In vivo experiments and clinical cohort analyses show that hypoxia-inducible factor 2 (HIF2)-induced parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) expression contributes to cachexia in the context of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The pathway can be targeted by HIF2 inhibitors, including belzutifan, which may reduce cachexia in patients with RCC.