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Acute-on-chronic liver failure is a complex condition with varied definitions. Using unbiased clustering, the study identifies two distinct subtypes with markedly different 30-day mortality risks and highlights key determinants.

Uncontrollable hemorrhage is a leading cause of preventable death. Here, Huang et al. develop a rapid, self-expanding, coagulation-promoting hemostatic powder for non-compressible hemorrhage management.

Natural variation in the promoter of OsTPS8 contributes to differences in grain chalkiness and seed vigor between indica and japonica rice subspecies by altering trehalose-6-phosphate biosynthesis and α-amylase levels.

Spatiotemporal coordination of cellular and molecular events is crucial for cell fate commitment. Here, Yang et al. describe how transcription factors, signaling pathways, and epigenomic states regulate left-right patterning and axial mesendoderm lineage commitment during mouse gastrulation.

Schizophrenia risk at 1p36.23 lacked functional insight. Here, the authors identify two enhancer variants that upregulate RERE, which disrupts neurogenesis and synaptic function by regulating Grin2a, linking genetic risk to neuronal development and excitatory signaling.

Using single-cell transcriptomics and functional analyses, the authors identify a specialized neural network in the male schistosome gynecophoric canal and show that lsamp maintains its integrity, enabling intersex communication and female reproductive maturation.

The efficiency of perovskite/Cu(In,Ga)Se₂ tandem solar cells is limited by halide segregation in the perovskite layer. Zhang et al. use 2-pyrrolidinone to slow the crystallization of halide intermediates, ensuring a homogeneous distribution and achieving a power conversion efficiency of 27.3%.

In this work, the authors demonstrate nonlinearity-engineered dissipative quadratic solitons (DQS) for the first time. Moreover, they achieve an in-situ sign reversal of the effective nonlinearity, enabling a transition from bright DQS to platicon generation without requiring any dispersion engineering.

DNA demethylation enzyme TET1 is a known oncogene in leukemia. Here, the authors discover that TET1 is involved in GPX4-dependent and -independent ferroptosis in acute myeloid leukemia via the regulation of GSH synthesis enzyme GCLC and BH4 synthesis enzyme GCH1.

Large-effect variants in autism remain elusive. Here, the authors use long-read sequencing to assemble phased genomes for 189 individuals, identifying pathogenic variants in TBL1XR1, MECP2, and SYNGAP1, plus nine candidate structural variants missed by short-read methods.

Managing heat in electronics is particularly challenging under variable operating conditions. Here, the authors develop a dynamic method to regulate the heat transfer path on demand using a magnetic field, achieving a 1.8-fold change in thermal resistance to stabilize device temperature.

A percolating interaction between antipolar regions and engineered defect pairs facilitates antipolar rotations, enabling superior energy storage performance in AgNbO₃-based ceramics.

Tumor-associated macrophages play central roles in the cellular immune response in the tumor microenvironment. Here the authors implicate the m6A methyltransferase METTL3 in glioma progression by regulation of the ISG15/FASN modulated lipid metabolism in macrophage.

This study shows that excessive atmospheric nitrogen deposition can enhance methane production and emissions by impacting microbial phosphorus acquisition due to the change of N/P ratios in oxygenated surface oceans.

A non-coplanar axially chiral molecular contact favours the crystalline growth of perovskite film and improves interfacial stability in perovskite solar cells. Small-area devices yield a certified power conversion efficiency of 26.44% and maintain 98% of it after 2,000 hours of operation.

Materials with room temperature phosphorescence have a range of potential applications, but when crystalline can be brittle and optically non-transparent. Here, the authors report the development of supramolecular glasses by evaporation-induced assembly, with high-temperature afterglow properties.

A recent experiment has reported an anomalous Hall effect in the normal state of twisted-bilayer MoTe2 - a signature of electronic chirality. Here, based on a new continuum model for this chiral normal state, the authors argue that overscreening of the Coulomb interaction can give rise to a finite-momentum superconducting state that does not rely on external symmetry-breaking fields.

Multislice electron ptychography reveals that gradient-distributed ions induce progressive lattice distortions from bulk to surface, driving monoclinic γ-WO3 electrochromic materials to transform into tetragonal and cubic phases and forming the gradient-distributed colour centers.

This study reports a universally cryogenic stripping strategy for transferring laser-induced graphene onto diverse surfaces without modulus limitations. The thickness of typical receiver elastomers can be reduced to 6.7 μm for large-scale electronic skins.

Formamidinium lead iodide perovskite holds promise for high-efficiency solar cells, but the kinetic instability of its α-phase crystallization remains an issue. He et al. report a strategy for directing the crystallization process in a n-i-p architecture and champion power conversion efficiency of 26.18%.

This study presents a structural N-glycoproteome atlas of 24 mouse tissues, revealing distinct tissue-specific glycan patterns, subcellular-related protein function remodeling, and non-random co-occurrence among glycan structural features.

The ability to control the wetting of liquids on solid surfaces is crucial for advanced science and engineering. Here, a bulk-cusp microstructure enables programmable 0–4 directional droplet spreading without external energy, driven by precursor film dynamics and capillary forces, offering potential for improved lubrication and smart cooling applications.

In this work, Chang et al. report a thermotropic liquid additive for perovskite solar cells that enables dynamic interface management, simultaneously passivating defects and suppressing ion migration to deliver high efficiency and substantially enhanced operational stability.

In the phase III NAPOLI-3 trial, first-line treatment with NALIRIFOX was associated with improved overall survival compared to gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel in patients with metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Here the authors report the results of a randomized phase II trial comparing the two regimens, NALIRIFOX versus Gemcitabine plus Nab-Paclitaxel, in Chinese patients.

Humanity’s Last Exam, a multi-modal benchmark at the frontier of human knowledge, is designed to be an expert-level closed-ended academic benchmark with broad subject coverage.

The difference in rupture speed between fault segments in the 2023 M_w 7.8 Kahramanmaraş earthquake may be explained by the contrasting structure of and stress on these segments, according to seismic tomographic imaging of beneath the fault zone.

A genome-wide association study in rice identifies variation in SBRR1 associated with sheath blight resistance. Introducing the SBRR1-R allele into a commercial rice variety reduces yield loss under severe exposure to sheath blight disease.

The inferior heterojunction quality and misaligned energy levels at the buffer/absorber layer hinders development of antimony selenosulfide solar cells. Here, authors introduce low-work-function tantalum pentoxide dielectric layer for field-effect passivation, achieving device efficiency of 10.95%.

Single-crystal alloy thin films (SATFs) are appealing for applications in crystal epitaxy, surface catalysis, and energy conversion. Here, the authors report a method to synthesize wafer-scale binary and ternary SATFs with sub-nanometer roughness, which can be used as substrates for the growth of high-quality graphene single crystals.

Acoustic black hole metamaterials are conventionally based on thickness engineering. Here, authors develop a density-power law approach for the fabrication of a composite material that achieves deep-subwavelength wave absorption operations, at ultralow frequencies (25–1200 Hz) and with a 24.5 Hz threshold frequency.

Enantioselective dicarbofunctionalization of alkenes is a powerful strategy for constructing functionalized sp³-rich molecules. Here, the authors report a palladium-catalyzed asymmetric migratory process that enables highly selective 1,3- and 1,4- diarylation of unactivated trisubstituted alkenes.

This study applies generalized linear mixed models (GLMM) and advanced transcriptome wide association study (TWAS) methods to improve the discovery of colorectal cancer risk transcription factors and genes, including potential druggable targets.

Metal nanoclusters are promising for flexible light-emitting diodes but face efficiency and stability challenges. Here, the authors employ a π-conjugated mediator to align dipole alignment, yielding devices with 26.4% external quantum efficiency and 94% efficiency retention after 2000 bending cycles.

Global Burden of Disease estimates show that between 1990 and 2023, the prevalence and burden of drug use disorders, inclusive of amphetamine, cannabis, cocaine and opioid use, have been increasing in high-income countries, particularly in the USA.

The existence of a long-lived, prethermal regime in many-body systems with tunable heating rates, driven by structured random protocols, is observed using a 78-qubit superconducting quantum processor.

Liu et al. report Chinese normative lifespan brain charts showing later neurodevelopmental milestones than those detected in Western cohorts. Individual deviations from these norms are valuable in assessing clinical risk and outcomes.

The authors present a wearable MXene-based sensing-processing-visualizing integrated system for tactile-visual recognition, multisensory interaction, trajectory recognition, and real-time feedback.

Adenine base editors (ABEs) are powerful tools for gene therapy, though efficient versions of ABEs often induce excessive undesired editing events, limiting clinical application. Here, authors developed a Language Model to design a more precise ABE that can correct pathogenic point mutations and enable gene therapy in vivo.

Static cloaking and camouflage remain a central challenge in mechanics. Yang et al. introduce an irregular growth strategy with limited building blocks of varying stiffness, enabling complex void structures for effective cloaking and mutual camouflage under diverse loading.

Stone tools illustrate behavioural complexities in Middle Pleistocene hominin populations. Here, the authors present small dimensional flakes and hafted tools from Xigou, central China, dated to ~160–72 thousand years ago that demonstrate early, complex technological advancements.

Comparative analyses of rice centromeres from 70 high-quality genomes of the Oryza AA group provide insights into rice centromere evolution and genetic factors that shape these genomic regions.

Here, as part of the Sherlock-Lung study, the authors profile the microbiomes of 940 lung cancers in never smokers finding no significant associations with demographic and clinical features, suggesting lung bacteria are unlikely to have a sizable role in lung cancer.

A neuromorphic system that consists of vanadium oxide memristors for the accurate encoding of information as single spikes, and hafnium oxide/tantalum oxide memristors with programming strategies to limit conductance drift, can reliably perform computations using efficient single-spike coding schemes.

Topological metamaterial clothing based on metallic conductive textiles can be used to create robust biosensing networks on the human body that can monitor vital signs during exercise.

A data-driven dynamic model for inverter-based resources in power grids is proposed, which couples neural networks with a physical inverter interface, enabling the model output to follow physical laws and significantly improving the accuracy of grid stability studies.

Emu3 enables large-scale text, image and video learning based solely on next-token prediction, matching the generation and perception performance of task-specific methods, with implications for the development of scalable and unified multimodal intelligence systems.