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The CMS experiment at CERN reports one of the highest-precision measurements of the W boson mass, finding it in line with standard model predictions and at odds with recent anomalous measurements.

LHAASO has detected γ-ray emission with a spectrum extending to 2 PeV from the pulsar wind nebula (PWN) powered by PSR J1849-0001, indicating an extreme particle acceleration efficiency and challenging the current particle acceleration theories.

Identifying jets originating from heavy quarks plays a fundamental role in hadronic collider experiments. In this work, the ATLAS Collaboration describes and tests a transformer-based neural network architecture for jet flavour tagging based on low-level input and physics-inspired constraints.

The authors from the ALICE collaboration identify multiple species of mesons and baryons and measure the anisotropic flow with non-flow removal techniques in pp and p-Pb collisions at the LHC, identifying the hallmark of quark flow associated with an expanding quark-gluon plasma.

Ji, He, Cai, and colleagues report an engineered senescence therapy that exploits lipid metabolic features of senescent cells, repurposing excess lipids as functional resources to improve joint function, and thus alleviating osteoarthritis without eliminating the cells.

Female mosquitoes inject saliva into vertebrate hosts during blood feeding, transmitting mosquito-borne pathogens. Here, cryo-EM of mosquito salivary gland extract uncovers the native SGS1 structure and domains relevant to pathogen transmission.

The authors have applied an eight-tissue rat multi-omic dataset to analyze the gene regulatory landscape of endurance exercise training, identifying tissue-specific regulatory patterns involved in muscle function, metabolism and immune response.

The CMS Collaboration reports the measurement of the spin, parity, and charge conjugation properties of all-charm tetraquarks, exotic fleeting particles formed in proton–proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider.

Predicting antimicrobial resistance from bacterial genomic data is challenging. Here, the authors introduce AMR-GNN, a graph neural network that integrates multiple genomic representations to improve prediction, reduce clonal bias, and identify biomarkers.

A machine-learning model that integrates data from wearable devices (such as smartwatches) with blood biomarkers and demographic data can predict whether someone has insulin resistance, enabling timely lifestyle interventions to prevent progression to type 2 diabetes.

The growth of high-quality organic single crystals is essential for probing intrinsic optoelectronic properties and molecular packing. Here, the authors present an additive-directed cocrystallization strategy to grow Y6-additive cocrystals with tunable thickness and controlled morphology.

The STAR experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider at Brookhaven National Laboratory demonstrates evidence of spin correlations in \(\Lambda \bar{\Lambda }\) hyperon pairs inherited from virtual spin-correlated strange quark–antiquark pairs during QCD confinement.

Wildfire observations reveal that 21% of black carbon aerosols contain multiple cores, and accounting for this morphology increases global absorption by 19%, highlighting a missing source of radiative forcing in current models.

A comprehensive atlas platform integrating transcriptional and epigenetic data enables more precise engineering of T cell states, accelerating the rational design of more effective cellular immunotherapies.

The mediobasal hypothalamus plays a central role in integrating nutritional and sex-related signals to regulate energy homeostasis. Here, through snRNA-seq of the mediobasal hypothalamus in female and male mice across nutritional states, authors show that Agrp neurons are nutrition-sensitive, DA neurons exhibit transcriptional differences in a sex-dependent manner, and KNDy neurons are responsive to both sex and nutrition.

Recovering fertilizers from wastewater has the potential to make intensive agriculture more sustainable and reduce aqueous pollution, but energy requirements could be prohibitive. A prototype photovoltaic–thermal electrochemical stripping system shows how distributed ammonia manufacturing can be achieved through solar energy in off-grid locations, thus reducing energy and environmental costs.

This study presents MAOSS, a multimodal AI model that repurposes non-contrast CT scans and leverages clinical features to detect and stage liver steatosis and fibrosis. Here the authors show MAOSS accurately stratifies cirrhosis progression risk when embedded into the standard clinical workflow, enabling scalable, opportunistic screening for early intervention of steatotic liver disease.

Expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) analysis in patients with inflammatory bowel disease identify potential target genes for IBD GWAS loci not readily detected in individuals without disease highlighting the importance disease-focused studies.

Generation of orbital currents in a non-magnetic material can be useful to build efficient orbitronic devices. Now, the interplay of chiral phonons and electrons is shown to produce orbital currents in α-quartz.

The ATLAS Collaboration reports the observation of the electroweak production of two jets and a Z-boson pair. This process is related to vector-boson scattering and allows the nature of electroweak symmetry breaking to be probed.

Chronic care manages long-term, progressive conditions, while acute care handles short-term ones. Here, authors show chronic conditions account for most of the global health burden, with 68% of DALYs and 93% of YLDs attributed to chronic care needs.

Estimates from the Global Burden of Disease study reveal declines in chronic respiratory disease mortality between 1990 and 2023—especially during the COVID-19 pandemic—but the burdens on people affected remain substantial.

The ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider reports a search for charged-lepton-flavour violation in decays of Z bosons into a τ lepton and an electron or muon of opposite charge.

The extent to which in-vitro cellular experiments are effective models for complex biology underlying human phenotypes is often unclear. Here the authors propose and implement a framework using gene perturbation data to evaluate in-vitro models.

The authors present SVclone, a computational method for inferring the cancer cell fraction of structural variants from whole-genome sequencing data.

The semileptonic decay channels of the Λc baryon can give important insights into weak interaction, but decay into a neutron, positron and electron neutrino has not been reported so far, due to difficulties in the final products’ identification. Here, the BESIII Collaboration reports its observation in e+e- collision data, exploiting machine-learning-based identification techniques.

Investigating the inner structure of baryons is important to further our understanding of the strong interaction. Here, the BESIII Collaboration extracts the absolute value of the ratio of the electric to magnetic form factors and its relative phase for e + e − → J/ψ → ΛΣ decays, enhancing the signal thanks to the vacuum polarisation effect at the J/ψ peak.

The Einstein Probe has discovered a fast X-ray transient, EP240414a, associated with a broad-lined type Ic supernova. Its unusually soft spectrum and weak jet add to the diversity of stellar deaths and suggest a previously unknown Wolf–Rayet star explosion mechanism.

The death of massive stars has traditionally been discovered by explosive events in the gamma-ray band. Liu et al. show that the sensitive wide-field monitor on board Einstein Probe can reveal a weak soft-X-ray signal much earlier than gamma rays.

Integrative analyses of transcriptome and whole-genome sequencing data for 1,188 tumours across 27 types of cancer are used to provide a comprehensive catalogue of RNA-level alterations in cancer.

The authors reveal how the intrinsically disordered oncoprotein N-Myc dynamically interacts with Aurora kinase A in an inhibitable binding mode that allosterically promotes its activation, offering opportunities to restrict neuroendocrine tumor growth.

The study provides observational evidence of energy transfer in space plasmas, showing hydrogen and helium ions interact differently with ion-scale waves. Despite helium’s low abundance, they show their interaction can excite electrostatic waves, facilitating energy transfer across scales and challenging traditional models.

The ALICE Collaboration provides details on the microscopic mechanism that ends up creating antideuteron in high-energy proton–proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider.

Can a minimal model reveal quasicrystal emergence and associated multi-level hierarchies of crystal patterns? Here, the theoretical discovery of the underlying energy ground states of Hertzian quasicrystal offers a new perspective on its formation.

While Bell inequalities have been violated several times—mostly in photonic systems—their violations within particle physics experiments are less explored. Here, the BESIII Collaboration showcases Bell-violating nonlocal correlations between entangled hyperon pairs.

A platinum(II) azido complex (complex 1) that releases platinonitrene upon X-ray exposure induces DNA damage and enhances immune checkpoint blockade outcomes via the abscopal effect.

Leveraging pythons as an extreme model of feeding and fasting behaviour, this study uncovers para-tyramine-O-sulphate as a conserved postprandial metabolite that links nutrient intake to energy balance by activating hypothalamic neurons and suppressing food intake in pythons and mice.

The quark structure of the f₀(980) hadron is still unknown after 50 years of its discovery. Here, the CMS Collaboration reports a measurement of the elliptic flow of the f₀(980) state in proton-lead collisions at a nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass energy of 8.16 TeV, providing strong evidence that the state is an ordinary meson.

Van der Waals materials of the MB₂T₄ family (M = transition metal or rare-earth metal, B = Bi or Sb, T = Te, Se, or S) have attracted interest for their magnetic and topological properties, but their direct synthesis into 2D form remains challenging. Here the authors report a flux-assisted, phase-controlled growth strategy to directly grow six magnetic 2D MB₂T₄ crystals.

By combining satellite observations with ground-based data and expert validation, this analysis demonstrates considerable misestimation of grassland extent and thereby carbon stock estimates in previous global assessments based on remote sensing.

Imaging deformation twins in three dimensions is difficult and they are usually viewed as two-dimensional ellipsoids. Here, the authors statistically analyze more than two hundred deformation twins in magnesium observed in three different views and show lateral twin expansion is faster than forward propagation.

Klebsiella pneumoniae clonal group 23 is a public health concern due to hypervirulence and carbapenem resistance. Here, the authors sequence 13 new isolates of the ST218-KL57 strain from China and conduct genomic analyses to investigate evolutionary divergence and resistance patterns.

Entanglement was observed in top–antitop quark events by the ATLAS experiment produced at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN using a proton–proton collision dataset with a centre-of-mass energy of √s  = 13 TeV and an integrated luminosity of 140 fb⁻¹.

The APOE-ε4 allele is the strongest genetic risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer’s disease, but it is not deterministic. Here, the authors show that common genetic variation changes how APOE-ε4 influences cognition.

Heusler compounds have been predicted to host topological order with other emergent properties, which yet awaits for experimental evidence. Here, Liu et al. report a direct observation of topological surface states on half-Heusler compounds LnPtBi.

Monolayer amorphous carbon (a-C) has attracted attention due to its structural and electronic properties, but its synthesis has so far required the use of metal substrates. Here, the authors report the Te-assisted growth of large-scale 2D a-C patterns on various insulating substrates, confirming their insulating properties in quantum tunnelling devices.

The authors reveal that the ferroelectric to antiferroelectric phase transition in Pb(Zr_0.97Ti_0.03)O₃-1wt%Nb₂O₅ at low temperatures is an irreversible process exhibiting relaxation behavior and diffusional kinetics.

Amorphous films with tunable thermal conductivity are needed for semiconductor/aerospace fields. Amorphous Al(Ti)N nanoparticles have negligible effect on thermal conductivity of Si₃N₄ 2 W m⁻¹K⁻¹, while incorporating crystal TiN phases increases to 15 W m⁻¹K⁻¹.

Precise and efficient CRISPR genome editing requires specialized delivery systems. Here, the authors develop Coomassie lipidoids that deliver purified adenine base editors into retinal tissues, making it possible to achieve robust genome editing with a defined, non-viral nanomedicine.

The LHCb experiment at CERN has observed significant asymmetries between the decay rates of the beauty baryon and its CP-conjugated antibaryon, thus demonstrating CP violation in baryon decays.