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Lithium metal offers high specific capacity but suffers from dendrite growth and poor cycling stability. Here, authors develop a 3D Li-Zn-Li3N/CNT composite combining ductile Li-Zn alloy and a mechanically robust Li3N-CNTs network, enabling thin, durable electrodes with uniform lithium deposition, demonstrating a pouch-cell with a specific energy of 553 Wh kg-1.

Complexes possessing coordination spheres that can accommodate nine ligand atoms typically display spherical distributions of these atoms. Here, the authors predict that M-centered [OB-B₇O₇-BO] adopts unusual heptagonal bipyramidal nonacoordination.

Emu3 enables large-scale text, image and video learning based solely on next-token prediction, matching the generation and perception performance of task-specific methods, with implications for the development of scalable and unified multimodal intelligence systems.

China’s crowded coasts must balance seafood demand with conserving migratory shorebirds that rely on tidal flats along the East Asian–Australasian Flyway. This study suggests that well-managed mariculture feeds shorebirds and limits overharvest, benefiting seafood production and biodiversity.

Humanity’s Last Exam, a multi-modal benchmark at the frontier of human knowledge, is designed to be an expert-level closed-ended academic benchmark with broad subject coverage.

Mouse models demonstrate that vagal sensory neurons transmit signals from lung adenocarcinoma to the brain, increasing sympathetic efferent activity in the tumour microenvironment and thereby creating a immunologically permissive environment for tumour growth.

Through integrated multi-omics and experimental validation, this study reveals that altered gut microbiota and bile acid metabolism activate TLR3 to induce urothelial injury in interstitial cystitis, identifying a pathway with therapeutic potential.

This study reports that the gene SMPED1, located in a previously identified dichogamy-determining region in Alpinia species, controls the timing of sex-organ synchrony, improving our understanding of the evolutionary mechanisms of plant sexual diversity.

cellSTAAR advances noncoding rare variant association analysis by integrating single-cell genomics data.

Metallic glasses can break ductility bottlenecks: 10% tensile plasticity with strain-hardening emerges from a synergy between relaxation-assisted and transformation-mediated deformation mechanisms, overcoming a long-standing challenge in metallic glasses.

Different types of correlations in quantum mechanical systems are crucial for quantum information processing. Xu and colleagues determine the sizes of classical correlations, entanglement and other types of quantum correlations in an optical setup.

The role of vascular plasticity in brain function remains poorly understood. Here, the authors demonstrate that a significant portion of blood vessels in the adult brain periodically occlude and regress, a process that is associated with a reduction in neuronal activity.

The fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster is an important model organism, but its reference genome retains unresolved gaps. Here, the authors report a near-complete telomere-to-telomere genome of the D. melanogaster S strain closing many remaining gaps.

Poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-trifluoroethylene)’s (PVDF-TrFE) piezoelectricity can be enhanced by annealing, however current annealing methods are slow. Here, the authors perform ultra-fast flash annealing of PVDF-TrFE to achieve a high piezoelectricity.

Anti-TSLP biologics have shown promise for the clinical treatment of type 2 respiratory disease. Here the authors present a clinical trial of CM326, a monoclonal antibody against TSLP, and show the clinical effects in patients with eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (ECRSwNP), who present with type 2-dominant inflammation.

The role of interspecific interactions in biodiversity–ecosystem stability relationships is unclear. Here the authors develop a theoretical approach and show that empirical diversity–stability relationships in grasslands are best explained by species-specific dynamics rather than by interspecific interactions.

Field data reveal that thaw slumps on the Tibetan Plateau initially turn alpine grasslands from CO₂ sinks into sources by exposing bare ground; as slumps stabilize and vegetation returns, CO₂ exchange recovers toward a sink.

Seawater electrolysis is highly promising for hydrogen production, yet it suffers from severe chloride-induced corrosion. This study reports a Co-based anode with triple defense that achieves durable seawater oxidation for 3000 h.

A cross-ancestry GWAS meta-analyses of brainstem structures identify 713 associations. It reveals shared/distinct genetic architectures across ancestries/substructures and overlaps with neuropsychiatric disorders and physiological functions.

This work reveals critical role of R-Ras2 in abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) progression. R-Ras2 maintains VSMCs function via c-MET-TFII-I axis, with MEG3 stabilizing its mRNA stability. Findings identify R-Ras2 a potential AAA therapeutic target.

Silicon solar cells with hybrid interdigitated back contacts have a power conversion efficiency approaching 95% of the theoretical limit and a fill factor approaching 98% of the theoretical limit.

Here, in a study of over 6,000 women across China, the authors show that Mycoplasma hominis infection strongly influences vaginal microbiota and is linked to higher risk of cervical lesions, highlighting its importance in women’s reproductive health.

An acanthocephalan body fossil, Juracanthocephalus daohugouensis, is described from the Middle Jurassic Daohugou biota of China, showing previously unrecognized diversity in ancient Acanthocephala and the origins of this group of living organisms.

Silk fibroin’s exceptional biocompatibility and biodegradability make it a promising biomaterial for drug delivery systems. Here, the authors review silk fibroin nanoparticles’ extraction, fabrication, and applications, highlighting challenges in large-scale production and proposing strategies to bridge the gap between laboratory research and clinical development, potentially advancing biomedical applications.

Early and accurate clinical assessment of disease severity in COVID-19 patients is essential for planning the allocation of scarce hospital resources. An explainable machine learning tool trained on blood sample data from 485 patients from Wuhan selected three biomarkers for predicting mortality of individual patients with high accuracy.

Vaginal infections influence about 75% of adult women worldwide each year. Here, the authors report a strategy to treat vaginal infection by restoring the homeostasis of the vaginal mucosal barrier through in situ formation of a living-synthetic therapeutic coating.

High-power, tunable accelerator-based terahertz radiation is demonstrated. By electron-beam manipulation through laser heater beating, tunable capability from 7.8 to 30.8 THz, narrow spectral bandwidths (ranging from 7.7% to 14.7%) and pulse energies up to 385 μJ are obtained.

Phenotype-based screening is a major bottleneck in the development of microbial cell factories. Here the authors build an AI-powered digital colony picker for single-cell-resolved, contactless screening and export of microbial strains, which identified lactate-tolerant Zymomonas mobilis mutants.

A molecular interfacial layer optimizes hole transport in tin-based perovskite solar cells, improving energy-level alignment and enhancing hole extraction efficiency.

Here, Xian et al. use phosphoproteomics to identify that the Shigella effector OspG interacts with a regulator of Cullin-RING ubiquitin ligases to promote the ubiquitination of septins and consequent inhibition of septin cage formation.

Chen et al. report a lattice-matched molecule, tris(4-methoxyphenyl) phosphine oxide, to anchor multi-site defects and stabilise the lattice of perovskite quantum dots, enabling deep-red LEDs with efficiency up to 26.91% at 693 nm. The air-processed devices can still maintain an efficiency of 26.28%.

This study introduces the Cattle Cell Atlas, a single-cell expression resource including 1,793,854 cells from 59 tissues. Integrative analyses leveraging this atlas provide insights into the biology underlying bovine monogenic and complex traits.

Current genetic modification methods require regeneration using tissue culture. This study now reports a type of transformation technology, pollen magnetofection, that allows production of transgenic seeds in multiple species in a fast, culture-free manner.

Seawater electrolysis for hydrogen production faces challenges in creating robust anodes that resist corrosion. Here, the authors report a PW₁₂-polyoxometalate-modified CoFe hydroxide anode that achieves selective and durable seawater oxidation over 1300 hours at 1 A cm⁻².

Radiation-induced malignantly transformed cells undergo multi-scale 3D genome reorganization. TP63 acts as a key mediator, creating accessible chromatin sites that form tumour-specific loops activating the MYC oncogene during malignant transformation.

Circular RNA aptamers dampen Alzheimer disease phenotypes in mouse models

Nagano et al. identify the third mitotic cohesin complex, STAG3–cohesin, which, with its unique biophysical properties, weakens insulation and rewires regulatory interactions of spermatogonial stem cells, shaping the male germline nucleome.

Wu et al. developed SkySense++, a multi-modal remote sensing foundation model pretrained on 27 million multi-modal images, which achieved robust generalization and few-shot capabilities across several Earth observation tasks and domains, including agriculture and disaster management.

Seawater electrolysis at ampere-level current densities demands durable anodes for practical hydrogen production. Here, the authors report that a single non-oxygen anion enables dual modulation of surface and interlayer structures, stabilizing layered double hydroxide anodes for over 5,000 hours.