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Cardiovascular surgery and haemodialysis urgently need durable vascular grafts. Here, authors develop a decellularized polymer skeleton-reinforced biotube as a readily-available vascular graft and demonstrate utility in vivo across multiple large animal preclinical models.

Protein complexes are the machinery of life, yet mapping their structures across different species is challenging. This study presents an atlas of 1.1million cross-kingdom structures, revealing 181,671 high-confidence complexes that uncover new higher-order structures and evolutionary links.

This study identifies GPR146 as a key regulator of fat–liver communication. In mice, reducing GPR146 in fat tissue lowers fat delivery to the liver and protects against obesity and fatty liver disease, highlighting a potential therapeutic target for MASLD.

BioMedAgent is a self-evolving LLM multi-agent framework that learns to use various bioinformatics tools and chain them into executable workflows for autonomously carrying out diverse biomedical data tasks initiated by natural-language prompts.

Here authors show that isolating interconnected channels in metal-organic frameworks eliminates inefficient molecular shuttling, greatly improving diffusion and separation performance. The strategy enhances isomer separation and material stability.

Offshore carbon capture projects in southern China can break even before 2040, with transport distance as a key driver. These insights are based on geological assessment, phased planning, and technoeconomic analysis and GIS spatial analysis.

A study of reproducibility in a stratified random sample of 600 papers published from 2009 to 2018 in 62 journals spanning the social and behavioural sciences finds higher reproducibility among more recent papers and papers from journals that require data sharing.

HorusEye is a foundation model for universal X-ray tomography restoration that learns realistic degradation directly from data. It supports imaging at substantially lower doses and reduces hardware requirements while improving expert analysis and downstream AI performance.

The study identifies a single dominant, broad-spectrum powdery mildew resistance gene from cultivated emmer wheat, nominates a likely NLR candidate, and validates co-segregating markers to enable marker-assisted breeding in elite cultivars.

Measurement-based quantum computing implements quantum algorithms by performing sequences of measurements on special classes of entangled states, such as cluster states. This approach has now been demonstrated on a superconducting quantum processor.

The Taiwan Precision Medicine Initiative (TPMI) has built a cohort of more than half a million individuals with Han Chinese ancestry, providing a rich resource of genetic and medical data for this group.

Bilayer CrTe₂ films grown via molecular beam epitaxy are found to host room-temperature multiferroicity and strong magnetoelectric coupling.

Self-propelled jumping of droplets becomes more challenging as droplet size increases. In this study, the authors report passive jumping of a water puddle at an unprecedented centimeter scale from a superhydrophobic surface, triggered by the burst of an entrained bubble.

Longitudinal metatranscriptomics in a prospective cohort of 1,164 adults hospitalized for COVID-19 reveals that azithromycin offered no apparent anti-inflammatory benefit but enriched the respiratory microbiome with potential pathogens and antimicrobial resistance genes.

Kinks are topological solitons and central to many physical systems. Here, the authors experimentally demonstrate control and generation of zero-energy kinks in a topological mechanical metamaterial via acoustic waves and numerically show rich acoustic-wavekink dynamics in highly discrete systems.

Farnesyl pyrophosphate—a mevalonate pathway metabolic intermediate—is an endogenous alarmin that enhances IgG antibody responses through keratinocyte-derived IL-6 and CCL20.

Prostate cancer heterogeneity limits the efficacy of current therapeutic approaches. Here, the authors develop two methods, snFLARE-seq and mxFRIZNGRND, using formalin-fixed paraffin embedded samples for analysing the transcriptomic and metabolomic landscape of different anatomical origins.

Interfacial charge transfer limits fast-charging sodium-ion batteries. Here, authors demonstrate a P2-type positive electrode that utilizes potential-dependent anion-specific adsorption to accelerate charge transfer, enabling high-rate capability and stable cycling in Ah-scale pouch cells.

Here the authors reveal a study of 486,956 Han Chinese individuals showing that most people with genetic variants affecting drug response do not have the predicted adverse events, highlighting the challenges of implementing pharmacogenetics in clinical practice.

The Taiwan Precision Medicine Initiative recruited and genotyped more than half a million Taiwanese participants, almost all of Han Chinese ancestry, and performed comprehensive genomic analyses and developed polygenic risk score prediction models for numerous health conditions.

Developing polymer composites which combine high strength, toughness, and impact resistance remains challenging. Here the authors propose a toughening strategy that integrates a trabecular interlock architecture with a stress-adaptive interface to enable efficient energy dissipation under mechanical loading.

The existence of a long-lived, prethermal regime in many-body systems with tunable heating rates, driven by structured random protocols, is observed using a 78-qubit superconducting quantum processor.

Kim et al. discovered an emergent giant topological Hall effect via twisting vdW magnet Fe₃GeTe₂ at a magic twist angle, at low temperature, and in the thin limit, providing evidence of skyrmion phases induced by local inversion symmetry breaking.

Powdery mildew and stem rust are two major wheat pathogens. Here, the authors report the cloning of powdery mildew resistance gene Pm37, reveal that it’s a susceptible allele of stem rust resistance gene Sr22, and speculate the allelic variation causing functional divergence.

Tumor endothelial cells are essential stromal components in the tumor microenvironment. Here the authors find that endothelial-specific deletion of PDLIM5, an actin-binding protein, could inhibit tumor angiogenesis and tumor growth as well as enhance therapeutic responses in mouse tumor models.

Johnson et al. link ARIA, a complication of anti-amyloid therapy, to clonal expansion of cytotoxic CD8 + T cells with glycolytic reprogramming and vascular trafficking potential, with implications for biomarker development and risk mitigation.

In this study, long-read RNA sequencing achieves accurate single-nucleotide polymorphism calling, haplotype phasing and allele-specific expression analysis.

Surface plasmon-mediated steady-state and on-demand electronic spin modulation effectively activates light-driven plasmonic catalysis, facilitating polarization reactant activation and preferential reaction pathway modulation.

Two-dimensional perovskite phases at the bottom interfaces of solar cells improve performance, but their formation is challenging. To address this, Zhao et al. graft the 2D perovskite-phase precursor onto a functionalized SnO₂ electrode substrate.

This study demonstrates that the reduced serum serine in patients with chemotherapy or women with poor sleep, is linked to the decline of ovarian function. Serine supplementation prevented ovarian damage in mice by inhibiting ferroptosis in ovarian granulosa cells, without affecting chemotherapy efficacy.

Loss of Kmt2c or Kmt2d in mice drives the redeployment of KMT2A–menin to bivalent promoters, leading to changes in gene expression. This primes cells for transformation and elicits sensitivity to EGFR inhibitors.

The oxyhalogenation of methane to mono-halogenated products CH₃X (X = Cl, Br, or I) is among the most promising routes for methane utilization, yet current catalysts still suffer from limited product yields. Here, the authors report a CeO₂ nanorod catalyst with atomically dispersed Pd and Mn surface sites, which achieves highly efficient and selective methane oxychlorination.

Cryo-EM structures of the DCL4–RNA and DCL4–DRB4–RNA complexes reveal insights into the substrate selectivity of the DCL4–DRB4 cassette in 21-nucleotide siRNA biogenesis in plants, particularly its preference for longer RNA and lower specificity towards RNA termini.

Rancid odors trigger retching and aversion. Here, authors show a nose-to-brain axis whereby such odors activate olfactory-piriform circuits that diverge to mediodorsal thalamic nucleus and nucleus accumbens to mediate retching-like behavior and aversion.

Colorectal cancer has high recurrence and metastasis rates making treatment difficult. Here, the authors report on peptide modified cell membrane coated cobalt based metal-organic frameworks which degrades and forms, in situ, photothermal materials with H₂S, allowing for immune-photothermal therapy.

Lattice strain impacts battery cathode performance and cycle life. Here, authors visualize and quantify strain in layered oxides through electron backscatter diffraction imaging, revealing heterogeneous, cycle-dependent distortions that slow Li transport and limit capacity, with irreversible layer bending driving capacity fade.

Maintaining proper reactive oxygen species (ROS) balance is critical for cellular and individual health, yet its dynamic nature encumbers monitoring and assessment. Here the authors propose a platform using mass cytometry-based detection, termed SN-ROP, to identify distinct ROS profiles associated with specific immune cell functions and disease states.

Authors find a twin-spin state in antiferromagnets, quantifies its magnetic octupole spin–orbit torque, and shows that it enables exceptionally long-distance spin transport beyond conventional spin currents.

Estimates from the Global Burden of Disease study reveal declines in chronic respiratory disease mortality between 1990 and 2023—especially during the COVID-19 pandemic—but the burdens on people affected remain substantial.