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The West Antarctic Ice Sheet responded to different natural forcing mechanisms than the East Antarctic Ice Sheet through the mid-Pliocene due to a greater sensitivity to oceanic feedbacks, according to iceberg-rafted debris records and ice-sheet modelling experiments.

Dietary restriction promotes the expansion of effector T cells via ketone bodies, which enhances anti-tumour immunity and synergizes with immunotherapy in mice.

Color center magnetometry enables spin-wave imaging in complex magnetic textures. This work overcomes key limitations of current approaches by decoupling sensor spins from control fields and using diamond and hBN color centers for complementary frequency operation, achieving isofrequency imaging of field-controlled spin waves.

Brain-wide recordings in mice reveal that prior expectations are distributed through recurrent loops across all levels of cortical and subcortical processing.

Yashinskie, Zhu and colleagues show that p53 activation triggers increased synthesis and accumulation of phospholipids, with enhanced activation of autophagy and lysosomal catabolism programmes and increased reliance on lipid headgroup recycling.

Zhang et al. design a nanostructure which activates an adaptive martensitic transformation mechanism in a nuclear grade austenitic stainless steel, achieving extraordinary radiation resistance with non-degraded mechanical properties.

The authors developed a highly sensitive skin-conformal NIR organic photodetector with fast photoresponse speed that achieves MHz-speed, angle-free, and long-range (100 m) wireless optical communication with stable performance under mechanical deformation.

Single-molecule chromatin fiber sequencing exposes single-cell-level heterogeneity in the chromatin architecture of individual regulatory elements.

An effective CRISPR RNA occlusion strategy enhances mismatch detection when using Cas13.

Neuromorphic computing processes data faster and with less energy than electronics. Here, authors demonstrate a reconfigurable photonic reservoir computer that performs multiple machine learning tasks in parallel at ultrafast rates while using extremely low energy per operation.

How the complex interplay between multiple nutrients within the microenvironment dictates potential sites of metastatic cancer growth is explored.

This study introduces P3T-Net, a pseudo-3D deep learning model that enables accurate and efficient cross-domain transfer of large 3D material images, improving image quality and ensuring image consistency across diverse imaging conditions.

DNA replication generates torsional stress. Here, the authors found the T7 replisome to be a powerful rotary motor. Helicase-DNA polymerase interactions stabilize stalled forks, enabling restart after gyrase torsional relaxation, highlighting torsion as a key regulator of replication.

The textile industry’s reliance on synthetic dyes is an important source of greenhouse gas emissions. Here the authors describe a process involving sustainable solvents that allows the extraction, purification, and reuse of dyes, as well as the recycling of dye-free fabrics.

Drug combination therapy is often required to overcome the limited benefits of monotherapy in cancer treatment. Here the authors present SynergyLMM, which harmonizes analyses of drug combination experiments in animal studies, helping researchers statistically test synergy and antagonism, design well-powered experiments, and enhancing eventual translation to more effective combination therapies.

Reaching fundamental noise limits permits optimal extraction of spectroscopic information from an absorption measurement. Here, the authors demonstrate a quantum-limited spectrometer with which they can obtain an extremely accurate measurement of the excited-state hyperfine splitting in Cs.

Electrocatalytic CO₂ reduction is typically studied at laboratory scale under ambient conditions; however, temperature and pressure may have a profound impact on the mechanism of this reaction and on its relevance to industrial applications. This study uses a custom temperature- and pressure-adjustable cell to reveal a chain growth mechanism emerging on copper electrodes at elevated temperatures and pressures.

Antibody response variability contributes to differential individual responses and disease outcomes. Here authors show that genetic variation to the IG kappa and IG lambda loci is an important determinant of antibody-mediated host responses in humans.

This research quantifies hospital admissions in Shanghai for mental and behavioral disorders linked to humid heat, projecting a 68.2% increase by the 2090s under high greenhouse gas emissions and emphasizing the importance of mitigation strategies to reduce future morbidity burdens.

An analysis of 204 countries estimates that diabetes will cost the global economy $10.2 trillion between the years 2020 and 2050.

Linking prior epigenetic status to future outcomes remains a challenge. Here, authors show recording neuronal enhancer activity across postnatal development in mice reveals loci that predict and can be manipulated to modify acute seizure response.

Measurements combined with post-processing of their outcomes can be used to prepare ordered quantum states. It has been shown that they can drive a Nishimori phase transition into a disordered state even in the presence of quantum errors.

Activity in a set of parabranchial neurons in the mouse brain is increased during chronic pain, predicts coping behaviour, and can be modulated by circuits activated by survival threats.

Combination immunotherapy approaches might be effective in inducing sustained control of HIV by slowing rebound and improving CD8⁺ T cell responses.

Oriented growth is an important pathway for crystal growth. Here, the authors show that gibbsite nanoplates form mesocrystals through directed sliding and staggered stacking, as demonstrated by in situ microscopy and molecular simulations.

A transverse Peierls transition can occur when transverse acoustic phonons couple with conducting p-orbital electrons. Here, the authors observe an incommensurate transverse Peierls transition and signatures of a chiral charge density wave in EuAl₄.

Planetary flybys of spacecrafts offer rare opportunities to explore plasma environments in space. Here, the authors show that BepiColombo mission’s six Mercury flybys have detected coherent plasma waves, revealing nonlinear resonant interactions with energetic electrons.

The timing of respiratory syncytial virus seasonal epidemic peaks in Japan shifted in 2016-17. Here, the authors use mathematical modelling to evaluate the hypothesis that this change in timing may be due to an increase in use of childcare facilities following a policy change

The authors present a scalable optical receiver platform that integrates a functional metasurface and ultrafast membrane InGaAs photodetector array on a compact chip. Detection of high-speed signals at up to 320 Gbit/s is experimentally demonstrated.

Parallel operation of two exchange-only qubits consisting of six quantum dots arranged linearly is shown to be achievable and maintains qubit control quality compared with sequential operation, with potential for use in scaled quantum computing.

Ionizing radiation can cause simultaneous charge noise in multi-qubit superconducting devices. Here, the authors measure space- and time-correlated charge jumps in a four-qubit system in a low-radiation underground facility, achieving operation with minimal correlated events over 22 h at qubit separations beyond 3 mm.

Genomic analyses applied to 14 childhood- and adult-onset psychiatric disorders identifies five underlying genomic factors that explain the majority of the genetic variance of the individual disorders.

Here, the authors show that immotile bacteria degrade antibiotics to alter their environment and facilitate nearby motile competitors to expand. As expansion proceeds, the immotile degrader is outcompeted, becoming a hidden driver of community spread.

A 15-year prospective cohort study found that during times of social unrest in Hong Kong, people experienced more conflicts with family and friends and this coincided with the use of social media—these factors were also associated with higher levels of depression.

The role of ventral tegmental area GABA neurons in behavior is unclear. Here, authors show that VTA GABA but not dopamine neurons integrate positive and negative valence to encode motivational conflict and guide cost-benefit decision making.

Wearable data from 7,013 participants in the All of Us Research Program show that park accessibility across 53 US cities is positively associated with daily step counts, providing a mechanism for how urban green space can improve health.

Recent MPXV outbreaks underscore the need for better vaccines and treatments. Here, the authors isolate and structurally characterize potent antibodies interacting with A28 that they identify as a key viral surface protein essential for viral entry and that induces strong, protective antibody response in mice.

Hole spin semiconductor qubits suffer from charge noise, but now it has been demonstrated that placing them in an appropriately oriented magnetic field can suppress this noise and improve qubit performance.

C-COMPASS is an open-source software designed to predict the spatial cellular distribution of proteins and lipids from cellular organelle profiling using a neural network-based regression model.

Hic-5 drives epithelial mechanotransduction linking bronchoconstriction to asthma pathogenesis and reinforces a feed-forward bronchoconstriction loop through endothelin-1, thereby establishing dysregulated mechanical forces as active drivers of disease

The brain can flexibly perform multiple tasks by compositionally combining task-relevant neural representations.

Continuous time crystals are phases of matter that spontaneously break continuous time-translation symmetry and have been realised in non-equilibrium systems. Here the authors couple a continuous time crystal formed by magnon Bose-Einstein condensate in superfluid 3He to an oscillator and show that the coupled system obeys the optomechanical Hamiltonian.

Currently, there is no licensed vaccine for Burkholderia pseudomallei, the causative agent of melioidosis. Here, the authors evaluate the efficacy and safety of an outer-membrane vesicle vaccine in macaques and demonstrate that it prevents lung pathology.

Following on from its success in eradicating malignant B cells in cancer, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy has been extended to treat autoimmune diseases. This Review discusses the preclinical studies and ongoing clinical trials of CAR T cells in autoimmune disorders, highlighting future opportunities and challenges.

Water has remarkable dynamic properties; a transition from a fragile to a strong liquid has been proposed to explain how they change on cooling. Experiments now show evidence for such a transition in bulk supercooled water at around 233 K.

Tokamak walls suffer erosion from steady and bursty heat loads. Here, the authors demonstrate that optimizing 3D magnetic field and cooling gas injection can tame destructive plasma bursts while enabling cooler, safer exhaust conditions.