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Biomass DNA has potential in sustainable materials, but scalable production of robust DNA materials is challenging. Here, the authors report the development of a fast shrinking induced entanglement strategy for the preparation of rubber-like hydrogels composed entirely of DNA.

Self-amplifying RNA enables durable therapeutic expression, but its high immunogenicity and low-fidelity replication limit its use. Here, authors engineer a Norovirus-derived VPg-saRNA platform that achieves cap-independent, low-immunogenic and precise therapeutic protein expression in vivo.

High sugar intake is a potential risk factor for heart failure, but there is insufficient evidence for the benefit of restricting sugar intake during pregnancy or early life. Using the end of UK sugar rationing as a natural experiment, this study shows that lower sugar intake early in life is linked to lower risk of heart failure and later disease onset.

Passive metasurfaces suffer from a complex balancing of their nonlinear efficiency, phase modulation capabilities and directionality. Here, authors propose a nonlocal meta-lens integrating Mie-type resonances with quasi-bound states in the continuum. Driven by the asymmetry of a low-index silica substrate, they realize directional response with a forward-to-backward ratio of up to 10 dB.

Macrophages play an important role in repair and regeneration of damaged nerves in spinal cord injury (SCI). Here, Guo et al. investigate effects of endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria crosstalk on macrophage phenotype and develop a targeted nanorobot inhibiting the Ero1α/MAMs/mtCa²⁺ axis, promoting M2 polarization and neural repair as a therapeutic strategy to treat SCI.

Leveraging electron-phonon coupling allows for modulating self-trapped exciton formation for broadband white-light emission. Using transient spectroscopy and DFT calculations, Zhang et al. correlate the structural distortion with self-trapped exciton formation in 2D halide perovskites.

In the phase III NAPOLI-3 trial, first-line treatment with NALIRIFOX was associated with improved overall survival compared to gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel in patients with metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Here the authors report the results of a randomized phase II trial comparing the two regimens, NALIRIFOX versus Gemcitabine plus Nab-Paclitaxel, in Chinese patients.

Here they show that NONO collaborates with HOXA1 to modulate gene expression during early cardiomyocyte differentiation. This interaction facilitates activation of the Wnt signaling pathway, establishing the NONO-HOXA1-Wnt axis as a key mechanism in cardiac development.

Phagocytes must safely remove mitochondria released after tissue injury to prevent harmful immune activation. Here, the authors show that TMEM110 preserves lysosomal function to clear mitochondrial DNA, thereby limiting organ damage and mortality after traumatic brain injury.

Spin-crossover complexes are promising candidates for molecular bits owing to their magnetic bistability but engineering high-density bits is challenging due to cooperative switching dynamics. Here the authors modulate the cooperative dynamics of surface-confined spin-crossover complex chains.

Large-effect variants in autism remain elusive. Here, the authors use long-read sequencing to assemble phased genomes for 189 individuals, identifying pathogenic variants in TBL1XR1, MECP2, and SYNGAP1, plus nine candidate structural variants missed by short-read methods.

Hepatokine FGL1 mediates liver-kidney crosstalk in renal fibrosis. Upregulated by circulating inflammatory cytokines post-injury, it binds ALK5 to potentiate TGF-β signaling and promotes fibrotic progression, presenting a promising target for CKD.

Leukemic stem cells (LSCs) drive relapse and therapy resistance in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Here, the authors show that increasing the stiffness of LSCs reduces their stemness and enhances their susceptibility to natural killer cell-mediated immunotherapy in AML.

Ma et al. report an organic cation engineering strategy to improve the luminescent properties and charge transport in organic-inorganic antimony halide films, enabling red LEDs with efficiency up to 19.4% and half-lifetime of 10,190 min. Large-area (12.15 cm²) LEDs show efficiency of 14.2%.

The authors report the time-reversal symmetry breaking superconductivity in the thin-flake kagome material RbV3Sb5, manifesting primarily as an unconventional form of hysteresis that is not observed in CsV3Sb5. They also observe reentrance of superconductivity during an in-plane field-sweeping process at 400 mK.

The Taiwan Precision Medicine Initiative recruited and genotyped more than half a million Taiwanese participants, almost all of Han Chinese ancestry, and performed comprehensive genomic analyses and developed polygenic risk score prediction models for numerous health conditions.

The Taiwan Precision Medicine Initiative (TPMI) has built a cohort of more than half a million individuals with Han Chinese ancestry, providing a rich resource of genetic and medical data for this group.

The mechanism of transitions in sex determination systems are often poorly understood. This study looks at the amphioxus Branchiostoma belcheri, and finds repeated transpositions of the gene tesD have created new sex-determining regions, driving turnover of the sex determination system.

This study presents a structural N-glycoproteome atlas of 24 mouse tissues, revealing distinct tissue-specific glycan patterns, subcellular-related protein function remodeling, and non-random co-occurrence among glycan structural features.

Acidic electrochemical CO₂ reduction promises efficient carbon use, but maintaining stable acidity at high current remains a major challenge. Here, the authors demonstrate a membrane-free CO₂ hydrogenation electrolyzer that stabilizes pH and enables efficient and stable formic acid production.

The study identifies a springtime climate mode, the Tropical-leaning Atlantic Oscillation, which influences typhoon tracks in the Northwest Pacific, potentially shifting them poleward, toward high-latitude cities in East Asia in a warmer climate.

Shang, Zhao, Ying and colleagues report that the mechanosensor PIEZO1 senses blood shear stress in hematopoietic stem cells, driving proliferation and myeloid bias. This axis links mechanical force to inflammation-induced aging, and PIEZO1 emerges as a potential therapeutic target.

Humanity’s Last Exam, a multi-modal benchmark at the frontier of human knowledge, is designed to be an expert-level closed-ended academic benchmark with broad subject coverage.

Off-the-shelf, on-demand allogeneic CAR-T cells could represent a therapeutic alternative to autologous products for cancer therapy. Here the authors report the preclinical characterization of off-the-shelf CRISPR-Cas9– edited IL-13Rα2-specific allogeneic universal CAR-T cells and the results of a first-in-human phase I trial in patients with high-grade glioma.

Thymine DNA glycosylase (TDG) was identified as a synthetic-lethal target in p53-deficient cancers through alterations in double-stranded RNA accumulation. A covalent small-molecule inhibitor of TDG exhibited potent efficacy against p53-deficient tumors.

Despite high efficiencies, all-perovskite tandem solar cells are hindered by thermal instability. Guo et al. address this issue by introducing a multi-Lewis-base modulator, which suppresses the formation of dense Cs-rich films in Pb-Sn perovskites to concurrently deliver high performance and stability.

Tumor pericytes are located surrounding blood vessels, and can regulate tumor vascular structure. Here, the authors discover that a subpopulation of NKX2-3 high tumor pericytes modulates vasodilation and hemodynamics to promote metastasis.

Identifying jets originating from heavy quarks plays a fundamental role in hadronic collider experiments. In this work, the ATLAS Collaboration describes and tests a transformer-based neural network architecture for jet flavour tagging based on low-level input and physics-inspired constraints.

cellSTAAR advances noncoding rare variant association analysis by integrating single-cell genomics data.

Prostate cancer incidence and mortality rates vary across males from diverse populations. Here, the authors perform a proteome-wide association study across different populations and establish population-specific genetic prediction models.

The authors report superconducting topological surface states (TSS) on MBE-grown Fe(Te,Se) films by high-resolution laser-ARPES. Near the FeTe limit, the surface state disappears due to an electron-correlation-driven topological transition associated with decoherence of the d_xy-orbital-derived bands.

DEAD-box helicase 6 (DDX6), the regulator of P-body assembly, is essential for the survival of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells. Here the authors report that DDX6 undergoes phase separation to preserve mRNA subsets in P-bodies, promoting branched-chain amino acid metabolism and chemoresistance in AML.

The genetic basis underlying resistance to Sclerotinia stem rot (SSR) in oilseed rape remains elusive. Here, the authors identify BnaA07.MKK9 as a pivotal regulator of SSR resistance in oilseed rape by GWAS, providing new insights into plant defense mechanisms against necrotrophic pathogens.

Integration of twist-phase-matched van der Waals flakes on optical fibre ends enables efficient nonlinear optical processes, including second-harmonic generation and parametric downconversion, and the fabrication of a frequency-doubling ultrafast laser.

Here they show that ATF7IP/SETDB1-mediated epigenetic programming governs T lymphoid progenitor trafficking and differentiation, providing important insights into the pathogenesis of human T lymphoid diseases.

Estimates from the Global Burden of Disease study reveal declines in chronic respiratory disease mortality between 1990 and 2023—especially during the COVID-19 pandemic—but the burdens on people affected remain substantial.

Electrofusion enables membrane fusion but struggles with lipid nanoparticles. Here, the authors present a nanofabrication platform that combines microfluidics with microelectrode arrays, achieving efficient, controlled nanoscale electrofusion of LNPs for effective siRNA delivery

Transcriptomic and clinical data analyses from multiple cohorts of patients with cancer receiving immunotherapy find that PD-1 blockade potentiates tumor-specific IgG1 plasma cell responses that complement cellular immunity and contribute to clinical benefit.

Li, Cui, Yang, Lu, Jiang, Zhang and colleagues identify a lactate transport mechanism from tumour-associated macrophages that regulates DNA repair and immune cell infiltration, which could be targeted to enhance immunotherapy efficacy in glioblastoma models.

A simple cut can wake up a dormant plant. New research uncovers how a wound instructs buds to resume cell division and sugar transport, driving them to sprout.

A non-coplanar axially chiral molecular contact favours the crystalline growth of perovskite film and improves interfacial stability in perovskite solar cells. Small-area devices yield a certified power conversion efficiency of 26.44% and maintain 98% of it after 2,000 hours of operation.

Emu3 enables large-scale text, image and video learning based solely on next-token prediction, matching the generation and perception performance of task-specific methods, with implications for the development of scalable and unified multimodal intelligence systems.

Liu et al. report Chinese normative lifespan brain charts showing later neurodevelopmental milestones than those detected in Western cohorts. Individual deviations from these norms are valuable in assessing clinical risk and outcomes.

This study demonstrates a low-energy photon device based on the kagome metal RbV₃Sb₅. It demonstrates that Fermi surface reconstruction, driven by a phase transition, leads to the emergence of van Hove singularities near the Fermi level.

Understanding collective behaviour is an important aspect of managing the pandemic response. Here the authors show in a large global study that participants that reported identifying more strongly with their nation reported greater engagement in public health behaviours and support for public health policies in the context of the pandemic.

Here the authors reveal a study of 486,956 Han Chinese individuals showing that most people with genetic variants affecting drug response do not have the predicted adverse events, highlighting the challenges of implementing pharmacogenetics in clinical practice.