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This study delineates lifespan changes in the sensorimotor-association gradient using multimodal neuroimaging data from 33,247 participants, revealing a pattern aligned with evolutionary, structural, and cognitive hierarchies within a unified neurodevelopmental framework.

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) screening in southern China uses EBV serology, but its positive predictive value is low. Here, the authors introduce a swab-based E-CpMQ method in high-risk individuals, achieving better specificity.

Treatment failure exists in Induction chemotherapy followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) for locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (LA-NPC) patients. Here this group reports a phase 2 randomized trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of adding nimotuzumab, to CCRT on 246 patients with untreated, non-keratinising, stage II–IVA LA-NPC.

Bispecific immune cell engagers show limited efficacy in glioblastoma (GBM) therapy due to poor T cell infiltration and restricted drug penetration. Here this group reports a multifunctional lipid nanoparticle platform that enables brain tumor–targeted delivery and sustained in vivo expression of mRNA encoding a bispecific macrophage engager for GBM treatment.

Zhang, Huang, Wang, Long et al. report that NAT10 enhances serine uptake and biosynthesis in an ac4C-dependent mechanism, thereby promoting stemness and progression in acute myeloid leukaemia.

Protein detection typically requires bulky equipment and large sample volumes. Here, the authors develop a do-it-yourself plasmonic array that enables high-throughput immunoassays from minute volumes using only a pipette, showcasing their approach through longitudinal animal studies and pediatric diagnostics.

Bioinformatic, structural and functional analyses characterize Streptomyces antiquus insecticidal protein (SAIP) as a diphtheria toxin homologue that is lethal to insect cells and targets the Flower protein as a receptor

Urban wetlands are popular with people and wildlife, providing recreation, flood control and habitat. This study finds that they are also popular with genes for resistance to antibiotics, viruses that spread these genes, and bacteria harboring them, showing the importance of treating stormwater before it ends up in these watery resources.

DeepDrugDiscovery is an AI-powered screening platform incorporating ADMET and blood–brain barrier penetrability predictions to successfully identify mTOR-independent autophagy enhancers that can cross the blood–brain barrier for Alzheimer’s disease therapy.

Room-temperature multiferroic materials are highly demanded for designing next-generation of spintronic devices. Here, the authors demonstrate an emergent room-temperature ferrimagnetism and polar phase in highly strained La₂CoRuO₆ epitaxial films through engineered 3d−4d cation ordering.

Here, the authors show that residues N490 and M492 of Hepatitis E Virus capsid protein are pivotal, albeit not exclusive, host tropism determinants of hepatitis E virus (HEV) for swine infection, which enhance the understanding of HEV’s zoonotic transmission and host specificity.

To dissect lncRNA functions in aging, here the authors perform a CRISPRi-based single-nucleus multiomics screen systematically perturbing 32 aging- and senescence-associated lncRNAs and measuring matched changes in gene expression and chromatin accessibility. They pinpoint a role for HOTAIRM1 linked to DNA repair-related gene control and show that replenishing HOTAIRM1 in mouse lungs reduces fibrosis.

This study explores the role of protein hyperacetylation in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). It identifies Dlat as a key regulator of mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation, offering insights for clinical HFpEF interventions.

RNA-sequencing’s conversion of molecules to reads confines analysis to relative fold-changes, a metric unreliable across batches. Here, the authors introduce TranScale, a spike-in method with 100 biomimetic standards that converts reads into absolute quantities to resolve systemic biases.

A rationally designed 15-member bacterial community engrafts and promotes T cell responses and anti-PD-1 therapy across heterogeneous baseline microbiotas to promote cancer control in mice.

ProtAIDe-Dx is a deep joint-learning model that uses plasma proteomics to provide simultaneous probabilistic diagnoses across six conditions associated with aging.

Despite the increasing applications of machine learning in the quantum sciences, applications in the context of topological matter are still limited. Here, the authors demonstrate topological braiding of complex energy bands in a dissipative ultracold atom platform based on a transformer approach, advancing machine-learning-aided search of topological phases.

A clinical trial testing whether monitoring ctDNA clearance during treatment for nasopharyngeal cancer could be used to inform decisions about an individual’s subsequent therapeutic programme shows promising results.

Stacking XA48-mediated effector-triggered immunity with XA21-mediated pattern-triggered immunity in Oryza sativa japonica reconstitutes the broad-spectrum resistance from wild rice.

Here, the authors describe organelle-specific autophagy pathways and explain how renal cells integrate metabolic and stress signals to shape cargo selection and organelle quality control. They also discuss translational challenges in targeting selective autophagy pathways in kidney disease.

The authors resolve 63 structurally diverse haplotype structures for the 22q11.2 deletion syndrome region. Deletion risk differs depending on structure; individuals of African ancestry are enriched for inverted repeats that predispose to inversion.

Shang, Zhao, Ying and colleagues report that the mechanosensor PIEZO1 senses blood shear stress in hematopoietic stem cells, driving proliferation and myeloid bias. This axis links mechanical force to inflammation-induced aging, and PIEZO1 emerges as a potential therapeutic target.

The Taiwan Precision Medicine Initiative recruited and genotyped more than half a million Taiwanese participants, almost all of Han Chinese ancestry, and performed comprehensive genomic analyses and developed polygenic risk score prediction models for numerous health conditions.

Lampreys are jawless vertebrates that can offer unique insights into vertebrate evolution. Here they generate a comprehensive cell atlas of the lamprey, uncovering 70 distinct cell types across 14 tissues, and identify pancreas-like cells in the lamprey small intestine.

Endocytosis of TFR1 plays a crucial role in extracelluar iron uptake. Here the authors revealed that PKCβII facilitates the endocytosis of TFR1 and increases cellular iron levels through the phosphorylation of AAK1, thus promoting ferroptosis of tumor cells.

Researchers identified a unique “latch bulge” in yeast mitofusin Fzo1. This fungi-specific structure allows Fzo1 to dimerize and remain locked after catalyzing GTP hydrolysis, enabling efficient mitochondrial fusion with minimal energy consumption.

High-performance battery materials often degrade during standard cleaning processes. Here, the authors identify why water washing causes structural collapse in sodium-based oxides and demonstrate that ethylene glycol can safely remove impurities while maintaining the material’s integrity.

R9AP is a key receptor for entry of Epstein–Barr virus into human epithelial and B cells, and interacts directly with the viral glycoprotein gH/gL complex to mediate virus–host membrane fusion.

In this multicenter phase 1 trial, patients with advanced gastric and gastroesophageal junction cancer were safely treated with the CLDN18.2-targeting antibody–drug conjugate SHR-A1904, leading to encouraging objective response rates.

The chromatin remodeler BRAHMA (BRM) is found as a repressor of plant adaptation to acid stress by inhibiting the STOP1-NRT1.1 signaling module. Under low pH, BRM degradation activates nitrate uptake and alkalinizes the rhizosphere.

Measurement-based quantum computing implements quantum algorithms by performing sequences of measurements on special classes of entangled states, such as cluster states. This approach has now been demonstrated on a superconducting quantum processor.

Droplet microlasers are emerging as powerful tools for label-free biosensing. Here, the authors demonstrate a new method for creating liquid photonic-molecule microlasers that combine low lasing threshold and enhanced sensitivity, achieving biomolecular detection limit down to attoMolar level.

Ying, Paulson and collagues have developed an open-source framework, Biolearn, to harmonize and systematically evaluate 39 aging biomarkers across diverse populations, enabling standardized validation and facilitating development of robust aging biomarkers.

A modular nanobody-based approach assembles combination vaccines by stably attaching diverse antigens to hepatitis E virus-like particles, preserving native immunogenicity and inducing broad protection against respiratory pathogens.

Dendrobium is a genus of mostly epiphytic and lithophytic orchids. Here, the authors conduct comparative genome analysis for 24 chromosome-level genome assemblies and genome skimming sequencing data for 204 species in this genus, and reveal genomic variation, biosynthesis and evolutionary adaptation in Dendrobium orchids.

Achieving rapid and reversible tuning of structures and producing structures with high aspect ratios with polymer self-growth remains challenging. Here, the authors introduce a generalized stretch-induced polymer self-growth method for reversibly constructing structures on a wide range of pre-stretched elastic membranes.

A porphyrin-polydopamine photocatalyst enables efficient near-infrared light use for hydrogen peroxide production from water and oxygen, achieving high quantum efficiency and solar conversion through ultrafast electron transfer mediated by persistent radicals.