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Landau levels have been observed in systems only with closed equifrequency contours (EFCs) around band singularities, i.e. type-I Dirac or Weyl systems. Here, we demonstrate the existence of Landau levels with open EFCs around band singularities through combined action of artificial electric and magnetic fields, whereas they cannot be generated by B only.

Li et al. identify small spherical vesicles budding from plant multivesicular bodies as likely retrograde carriers and demonstrate that SNX proteins drive their formation, revealing a distinct mechanism for protein recycling during plant development.

Global Burden of Disease analysis found that in 2023, suboptimal diet was estimated to be responsible for 4 million deaths and 97 million morbidity burdens from ischemic heart disease.

Pathological neovascularization is a leading cause of vision loss. In this study, the authors identify FRZB and its NTR domain as suppressors of ocular angiogenesis. FRZB prevents CAV1 phosphorylation at Tyr42 which enhances downstream TGFβ signaling via ALK5 retention.

Traditional recycling of polyoxymethylene plastic often leads to significant material loss and toxic emissions. Here, the authors introduce an acidic electrochemical process that efficiently converts plastic waste into valuable chemicals with conversion efficiency approaching 90%.

This work reports the discovery of a giant in-plane Hall effect in a nonmagnetic half Heusler compound, demonstrating magneto-cubic behavior over a wide temperature range and identifying extrinsic mechanisms as the dominant origin.

Homologous recombination (HR) safeguards genome stability, but the regulation of HR proteins remains unclear. Here, the authors show that the compound UNI418 inhibits lipid kinases PIKfyve and PIP5K1C, reducing IP6 levels and triggering Cul4A–WDR5 dependent degradation of HR proteins, thereby suppressing HR and overcoming PARP inhibitor resistance.

Self-aggregation in self-assembled monolayers adversely affects on hole transport performance in inverted perovskite solar cells. To address this issue, Shen et al. propose an indole/carbazole co-adsorption strategy to construct phase-homogeneous monolayers featuring alternating molecular arrangements.

Chen, Cai et al., present a rigorous human-in-the-loop framework for evaluating the medical performance of AI-generated responses to real clinical questions, using a scale aligned with physician career stages. Although some models perform at levels comparable to early-career physicians, substantial rates of incompetent answers and hallucinations demonstrate that unmonitored clinical deployment remains risky, underscoring the continuing need for expert oversight.

The fabrication of Ohmic contacts for 2D transistors remains challenging. Here, the authors report the synthesis of atomically sharp Hf₂C/HfSe₂ edge contacts for the realization of high-performance short-channel 2D HfSe₂ transistors with contact resistance down to 475 Ω·μm.

A genome-to-genome association study identifies host and viral risk factors that interact to drive nasopharyngeal carcinoma endemicity in southern China.

Researchers identified a previously unrecognized progeroid neuropathy caused by mutations in IVNS1ABP. Patient-derived fibroblasts, induced pluripotent stem cells, and neural progenitor cells exhibited disrupted dynamics, resulting in defective cytokinesis, DNA damage, and cellular senescence, which in turn led to premature neurogenesis in cerebral organoids.

Urban wetlands are popular with people and wildlife, providing recreation, flood control and habitat. This study finds that they are also popular with genes for resistance to antibiotics, viruses that spread these genes, and bacteria harboring them, showing the importance of treating stormwater before it ends up in these watery resources.

Estimates from the Global Burden of Disease study reveal declines in chronic respiratory disease mortality between 1990 and 2023—especially during the COVID-19 pandemic—but the burdens on people affected remain substantial.

Organo-electrocatalysts that can be used for both inorganic and organic conversions have been reported, ranging from laboratory-scale to large-scale reactions. This work demonstrates the application of a range of amide-based catalysts on electrodes to drive various reactions, including the chlorine evolution reaction and other chlorine-related organic transformations.

Newly emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants underscore the need for broad-spectrum antiviral solutions. This study shows a macrocyclic peptide inhibitor that locks the SARS-CoV-2 spike trimer into a “closed” conformation by engaging a conserved region, and demonstrates that intranasal administration of the peptide inhibitor protects against Omicron variants.

LHAASO has detected γ-ray emission with a spectrum extending to 2 PeV from the pulsar wind nebula (PWN) powered by PSR J1849-0001, indicating an extreme particle acceleration efficiency and challenging the current particle acceleration theories.

Chronic care manages long-term, progressive conditions, while acute care handles short-term ones. Here, authors show chronic conditions account for most of the global health burden, with 68% of DALYs and 93% of YLDs attributed to chronic care needs.

An in-sensor wireless computing architecture integrates imaging, compression and transmission into a single step, dramatically reducing latency for real-time remote-sensing applications.

A platinum(II) azido complex (complex 1) that releases platinonitrene upon X-ray exposure induces DNA damage and enhances immune checkpoint blockade outcomes via the abscopal effect.

Flatband-induced localisation generally does not apply to complex wavefunctions carrying orbital angular momentum. Here, authors develop a general framework for constructing highly degenerate flatbands in 2D and 3D acoustic crystals, enabling the localisation of OAM-carrying wavefunctions.

The presentation of systemic lupus erythematosus has been known to differ by ancestry, but the underlying genetic factors remain unclear. Here, the authors report ancestry-specific susceptibility loci and better risk prediction when using data from matched ancestral groups.

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have improved our understanding of the genetic basis of lung adenocarcinoma but known susceptibility variants explain only a small fraction of the familial risk. Here, the authors perform a two-stage GWAS and report 12 novel genetic loci associated with lung adenocarcinoma in East Asians.

This study uses two large fundus cohorts to show that retinal foundation models generalize well across populations but exhibit age-related fairness gaps. It highlights how pre-training data composition shapes model generalisability and fairness.

The authors conducted a genome-wide association study of bipolar disorder (BD) in Han Chinese and integrated PGC4 East Asian and European datasets, discovering 23 novel loci, prioritizing 39 credible risk genes and implicating BD-related cell types and druggable targets.

The authors compile a national database of 975 plants including 2,151 incinerators across China, showing that they supplied up to 7% of residential electricity consumption in 2023. Scenario projections indicated that waste incineration could generate up to 259 TWh by 2035, meeting 13% of residential demand.

Structural variations (SV) contribute to inter-individual variability. Here, the authors describe a first-generation multi-ancestry Asian SV catalogue containing 73,035 SVs from 8392 Singaporeans to provide insights into Asian SV diversity.

Silicon materials offer high capacity in Li-ion batteries but suffer from huge volume changes during cycling, requiring external pressure to maintain performance. Here, authors develop a self-healing gel polymer electrolyte that confines silicon expansion without external pressure.

Designing superelastic materials remains challenging. Here, the authors reveal that hidden atomic-scale strain order in a high-entropy alloy enables reversible switching between linear and nonlinear superelasticity through subtle composition tuning.

Tetrandrine is one of the most potent inhibitors of Ebola Virus infection. Here the authors identify LIMP-2 as a direct cellular target of Tetrandrine and establish a functional connection between lysosomal sphingosine homeostasis and calcium regulation.

A thin-film engineering method is employed to preserve high pressure solids in diamond capsules at ambient conditions, enabling tunable preserved pressures, controllable particle size, atomic-scale characterization, and potential large-scale uses.

To mark the 20th anniversary of Nature Reviews Neurology, we have asked leaders of neurological societies across the world to reflect on progress over the past two decades and consider what the future holds for neurology in their region. Here, we speak to Christopher Chen, President of the Asian and Oceanian Association of Neurology.

The formation of secondary organic aerosol in Chinese megacities is dominated by the condensation of anthropogenic organic vapours, according to measurements across three urbanized regions.

Chiral α-amino acids, essential to biological systems and drug design, drive demand for precise synthetic methods to access unnatural variants (UAAs) and stereochemically defined peptides. We report an N-heterocyclic-carbene-catalyzed strategy enabling enantioselective synthesis of α-(U)AA esters and peptides.

Distributed multiparameter quantum metrology allows to probe multiple spatially distributed parameters across networked quantum systems. Here, the authors demonstrate distributed multiparameter quantum metrology in a modular superconducting quantum processor network.

Integrative analyses of transcriptome and whole-genome sequencing data for 1,188 tumours across 27 types of cancer are used to provide a comprehensive catalogue of RNA-level alterations in cancer.

Liu et al. report Chinese normative lifespan brain charts showing later neurodevelopmental milestones than those detected in Western cohorts. Individual deviations from these norms are valuable in assessing clinical risk and outcomes.

The enantioselective construction of α-diheteroatomic carboxylic acids has long been a synthetic hurdle. Now, a thia-Rh-carbene platform enables O–H or N–H insertions, delivering this rare chiral motif for applications in peptide chemistry and drug development.

The synthesis of heavily substituted chiral cyclopropanes presents a significant challenge in organic chemistry due to the inherent strain and steric congestion of these three-membered rings. Here, the authors report a highly enantioselective intramolecular cyclopropanation of trisubstituted alkenes via a sulfoxonium-Rh-carbene intermediate, resulting in the formation of highly congested penta-substituted chiral cyclopropanes.

Polygenic Risk Scores (PRS) show promise for facilitating cancer risk stratification. Here, the authors performed a large genome-wide association study and develop a PRS for nasopharyngeal carcinoma, which could improve risk stratification and personalized screening.