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In a double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2 trial in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma treated with anti-PD-1 plus a VEGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor, donor fecal microbial transplantation (FMT) from complete responders to immunotherapy did not significantly improve the primary endpoint of 12-month progression-free survival (PFS) but did significantly improve median PFS versus placebo FMT.

Tong and colleagues reveal a cross-species conserved mechanism where locus coeruleus-norepinephrine mediated arousal fluctuations drive an inverted U-shaped pattern of global functional connectivity, uncovering a network basis of the Yerkes-Dodson law.

Fibre integrated circuits created by first preparing circuitry on extremely thin and flexible substrates and then mechanically rolling them up demonstrate microdevice density reaching 100,000 transistors per centimetre and excellent stability under harsh service conditions.

A self-powered symbiotic transcatheter pacemaker that regenerates energy via electromagnetic induction from the cardiac motion demonstrates a month-long operation in a porcine model of arrhythmia and surpasses the critical energy condition for lifelong service.

A national classification system of wetland hydrologic connectivity to streams, which could be applied globally, demonstrates and advances current understanding of how wetland connectivity affects surface water quality.

The meningeal compartment communicates with the brain to modulate homeostatic functions. Here, the authors demonstrate that natural killer (NK) cells and innate lymphoid cells (ILC) 1 shape synaptic neuronal transmission and affect mouse behavior.

Coupling an optogenetic lipid-modifying enzyme with proximity labeling reveals protein networks and mechanisms regulating lipid homeostasis in the membranes of target organelles.

Low efficiency, locus-dependence, and poor heritability affect the application of prime editing to dicot plants. Here, the authors solve these problems by developing an ultra-efficient prime editing (UtPE) system for dicots by integrating evolved PE6 variants, an altered pegRNA, an RNA chaperone, and a geminiviral replicon.

The study introduces radio interferometric multiplexed spectroscopy (RIMS), a method designed to efficiently monitor the radio emissions of massive samples of stars. Applying it to LOFAR data, the authors identify stellar bursts, offering clues to possible star–planet magnetic interactions.

Different agonists produce equilibria of at least four distinct active states of the G-protein-bound M2 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor, each with a different ability to activate G proteins.

A neuromorphic sensing system combining a flexible piezoelectric sensor array, event-triggered circuitry and a memristive chip enables energy-efficient, low-latency edge processing of event-based data through analogue in-memory computing.

The authors analyze 162 primary mismatch-repair-deficient gliomas and identify three subgroups underpinned by distinct somatic mutations in replicative DNA polymerases and IDH1.

Smc5/6 association with DNA junctions can support genomic functions. Here, the authors show that Smc5/6 junction polarity preferences, targeting, and dwell times are determined by its structural modules as well as the RPA and PCNA genomic factors.

Humans rely on both learned value and action affordances to decide how to act. This study shows that these systems compete under a dynamic brain controller, with the presupplementary motor area and anterior cingulate cortex guiding which system dominates.

A technique for threading long protein strands through a nanopore by electrophoresis and back using a protein unfoldase motor, ClpX, enables single protein molecules to be analyzed multiple times with single-amino-acid sensitivity.

Electron tomography enables high-resolution 3D imaging but is limited by radiation sensitivity. Here, the authors demonstrate a phase retrieval method using multiple tilted HRTEM focal series, achieving 1.6 Å resolution with improved dose efficiency and elemental sensitivity.

Quantum interference of sodium nanoparticles, which can each contain more than 7,000 atoms at masses greater than 170,000 Da, is demonstrated.

A cavity-array microscope is realized using intra-cavity lenses to create a two-dimensional array of over 40 modes, each coupled to a single atom in free-space.

An in-depth analysis of tissue biopsies from patients with multiple myeloma and CAR T cell therapy-associated immune-related adverse events (CirAEs) after treatment with commercial BCMA-targeted CAR T cell therapy shows that CD4⁺ CAR T cells mediate off-tumor toxicities and that high CD4:CD8 ratio at apheresis, robust early CAR T cell expansion, ICANS and ciltacabtagene autoleuce treatment are independently associated with the development of CirAEs.

Off-target activation of nerve fibers is an ongoing problem in bioelectronic medicines such as vagus nerve stimulation. Here, the authors show that high-frequency stimulation can selectively block nerve fibers in the vagus nerve in swine models.

The Curie temperature of Fe_5+xGeTe₂ thin films can be modulated from 260 to 380 K via iron doping, allowing the two-dimensional material to be used to create planar spiral inductors and low-pass Butterworth filters.

2D p-type transistors are essential for the realization of complementary circuits for post-silicon electronics. Here, the authors report a chloroform doping strategy to fabricate p-type monolayer WSe₂ transistors with high performance and long-term stability.

Vidmar et al. use cryo-EM to reveal how bacterial RNA polymerase (RNAP) and topoisomerase I (TopoI) cooperate. TopoI switches conformation, senses DNA supercoils near RNAP and relaxes them. Mutations disrupting this process alter bacterial motility and operon polarity.

Here the authors show that PARP inhibition activates SIRT-1–FOXO1 signaling to drive transcriptional and metabolic reprogramming of CD8⁺ T cells into central memory T cells with superior recall capacity and efficacy in adoptive therapy.

Hole spin qubits in germanium have seen significant advancements, though improving control and noise resilience remains a key challenge. Here, the authors realize a dressed singlet-triplet qubit in germanium, achieving frequency-modulated high-fidelity control and a tenfold increase in coherence time.

A flexible micro-electrocorticography brain–computer interface that integrates a 256 × 256 array of electrodes, signal processing, data telemetry and wireless powering on a single complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor substrate can provide stable, chronic in vivo recordings.

Moral-Sanz, Fernández-Carrasco and colleagues identify senolytic properties of sea anemone-derived pore-forming toxins, with selectivity mediated by senescence-associated lipid profiles. An optimized senotoxin improves the efficacy of chemotherapy in mouse models.

In an arm of an ongoing multicenter phase 2 trial testing different therapies in patients with genetically profiled grade 2 or 3 meningiomas, treatment with an oral CDK4/6 inhibitor met the primary endpoint for progression-free survival at 6 months in patients with CDK or NF2 alterations.

The authors find that TDP-43 loss of function—the pathology defining the neurodegenerative conditions ALS and FTD—induces novel mRNA polyadenylation events, which have different effects, including an increase in RNA stability, leading to higher protein levels.

Here the authors show DNGR-1 expressed by cDC1s promotes CD8⁺ T cell priming to cytoskeletal neoantigens from dying tumor cells, thereby shaping cancer immune visibility and tumor evolution through immunoediting.

Two-dimensional molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂)-based active arrays made by growing wafer-scale trilayer MoS₂ directly on a polyimidine substrate achieve high-fidelity spatiotemporal neuronal monitoring in vitro and in living mice.

Globalized production and the rise of e-commerce have intensified urban freight activity, amplifying environmental impacts and raising equity concerns. This study examines freight-related emissions at the city level across the USA, uncovering two key factors driving disparities in emissions burdens.

A large sulfur-bearing carbon ring molecule has been detected in space, 2,5-cyclohexadien-1-thione, using laboratory spectroscopy and a radio telescope. Found near the Galactic Centre, it opens the door to a new family of interstellar molecules.

Direct observation of the Migdal effect in neutron–nucleus collisions is reported, which resolves a long-standing gap in experimental validation.

A method to coherently manipulate excitons and perform all-optical logic operations using the valley degree of freedom in monolayer WS₂ is discussed.

The study reports the discovery of a persistent bow shock around a diskless magnetic accreting white dwarf, revealing a powerful energy-loss mechanism that challenges current models of accretion and compact binary evolution.

Metabolite signatures were identified for subtypes of dietary carbohydrate, including added sugar, whole grain and refined grain, and showed different associations with type 2 diabetes, providing an objective measure of dietary risk.

Fabrication of fully stretchable organic light-emitting diodes incorporating an intrinsically stretchable exciplex-assisted phosphorescent layer along with MXene-contact stretchable electrodes is described, demonstrating high efficiency and mechanical compliance for applications in next-generation wearable and deformable displays.

High-pressure measurements of the electrical conductivity of (Mg,Fe)O, used as an analogue for basal magma ocean material, indicate that the conductivity is high enough to produce a dynamo much stronger than a core-driven dynamo for super-Earths larger than 3–6 Earth masses.

The authors demonstrate thin silicon nitride waveguide spirals that enable release-free phase-modulation. The presented modulators achieve a Vπ of 8.98 V with 1.13 dB of insertion loss at a modulation frequency of 704 MHz over a 90 nm optical bandwidth.

This study uses single-nucleus RNA sequencing to analyze lung tissue from 141 individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Distinct patterns of spatially resolved changes in cell composition and cell states that correlate with clinical features are highlighted.

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and lysosomes mutually influence each other’s function. This study shows that ER-located ryanodine receptors physically connect with lysosomes, favoring lysosomal availability for autophagy over lysosomal secretion.

Meeting climate mitigation goals requires the early retirement or retrofitting of fossil fuel power plants, creating financial risks from stranded assets. A study now finds that state-owned companies dominate ownership of these risks, with the top 25 of these companies holding up to US$770 billion under a 1.5 °C scenario.

The enteric nervous system regulates gut function but is difficult to study due to sparse neuron distribution and gut motion. Here, the authors showcase a bioelectronic implant for electrophysiological monitoring of the enteric neural activity in freely-behaving animals.

Alzheimer’s disease is characterized by the accumulation of amyloid plaques in the brain. Here, Liu et al. develop a new method, Amyloid-ID, which uses light to label and analyze amyloid deposits in brain tissues, revealing their protein composition and associated molecules.

An allosteric site on the E3 ligase adapter cereblon can be targeted to modulate the efficacy of cereblon in targeted protein degradation applications.

Amorphous polymers without the uniformly sized pores of structured materials are not typically considered in separating organic molecules in a liquid medium. Here, the authors design a polymer film balancing the hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties to separate mixtures of small molecules.

A protocol for cryogenic 3D correlative focused ion beam milling using an integrated fluorescence light microscope and montage cryo-ET for nonadherent and adherent mammalian cells, as well as primary Drosophila melanogaster neurons.