Search

Most kiwifruit species are vulnerable to high levels of heat stress. Here, the authors report natural variation at the GATA transcription factor binding site of EGY3 gene mediates chloroplastic ROS homeostasis to confer kiwifruit thermotolerance.

In patients with immunotherapy-resistant, HPV-negative head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HPV- HNSCC), cetuximab (EGFR inhibitor) is the standard of care but success is limited. Here, the authors report the results of their phase II trial investigating dalpicilib (CDK4/6 inhibitor) and cetuximab in patients with immunotherapy resistant HPV- HNSCC.

Diabetic retinopathy is a major cause of blindness, yet ways to predict who will be affected remain limited. Here, the authors show that patterns of blood proteins can reveal disease mechanisms and enable powerful early prediction across diverse populations.

The authors demonstrate inverse-designed, ultra-compact multimode photonic components on thin-film lithium niobate. These elements enable densely integrated circuits within a 0.06 mm² chip area and support high-speed data modulation up to 120 Gbps per channel alongside multimode signal transmission.

A percolating interaction between antipolar regions and engineered defect pairs facilitates antipolar rotations, enabling superior energy storage performance in AgNbO₃-based ceramics.

Humanity’s Last Exam, a multi-modal benchmark at the frontier of human knowledge, is designed to be an expert-level closed-ended academic benchmark with broad subject coverage.

An iontronic electricity generator is developed based on intrinsic asymmetric interfaces and controllable energy release, which achieves giant power generation through reversible electron-coupled ion oscillation at interfaces.

A flexible digital artificial intelligence chip with a compute-in-memory architecture is fabricated using a commercial low-temperature polycrystalline silicon thin-film transistor process and shows high accuracy in human daily activity monitoring using multimodal physiological signals.

Molecular mechanisms determining soybean seed weights remain largely elusive. Here, the authors identify a 14-3-3 protein encoding gene GmSMS6 negatively regulates soybean seed weight and size via the possible interactions with the transcription factor GmbZIP151 and the RING-type E3 ligase GmUBQ1.

Identifying jets originating from heavy quarks plays a fundamental role in hadronic collider experiments. In this work, the ATLAS Collaboration describes and tests a transformer-based neural network architecture for jet flavour tagging based on low-level input and physics-inspired constraints.

Next-generation autonomous systems call for robust perception capabilities in diverse environments. Dun et al. report an ultraviolet-to-mid-infrared photosynapse array with 65,536 pixels and efficient in situ processing capabilities for dynamic trajectory recognition under challenging conditions.

Studying many-body quantum chaos on current quantum hardware is hindered by noise and limited scalability. Now it is shown that a superconducting processor, combined with error mitigation, can accurately simulate dual-unitary circuit dynamics.

cellSTAAR advances noncoding rare variant association analysis by integrating single-cell genomics data.

A short peptide derived from a commensal-fungal-secreted protein promotes repair in models of colon epithelial damage when delivered directly or via probiotic microbes.

The selective production of para-xylene via CO₂ hydrogenation coupled with toluene methylation offers a promising route for sustainable carbon utilization. Here, the authors introduce a tandem catalyst that combines efficient CO₂ hydrogenation with shape-selective toluene methylation, achieving 91% xylene selectivity at a toluene conversion of 10.3%.

Intermittent hypobaric pressure extends the lifespan and rescues the osteoporosis phenotype in aged mice by activating the ion channel transmembrane protein 59 (TMEM59) and eliminating senescent cells via lysosome-dependent cell death.

A virus-mimicking micelle selectively delivers drugs to diseased chondrocytes in osteoarthritis, significantly alleviating disease progression in mouse and sheep models.

Here, the authors investigate the molecular role of the CHAMP1 gene/protein in preclinical models of human muscle development and disease.

Forest management primarily drives the carbon sink enhancement in China from 2001 to 2021, achieving carbon gains at a rate over 4 times higher than afforestation, according to an integrated framework combining remote sensing-driven and climate-driven process models.

China’s crowded coasts must balance seafood demand with conserving migratory shorebirds that rely on tidal flats along the East Asian–Australasian Flyway. This study suggests that well-managed mariculture feeds shorebirds and limits overharvest, benefiting seafood production and biodiversity.

The authors reveal that failure to activate PGL1, a polygalacturonase degrading cell wall pectin, in the tcpΔ7 mutant results in enhanced endoreplication and cell enlargement, unraveling a critical role of pectin in controlling endocycle progression and cell growth.

Currently, there is a lack of clear understanding on how glioma cells exploit neural electrophysiological signaling to drive hyper-invasive behavior. Here, the authors integrate custom microfluidics with machine learning-based signal decoding to uncover a mechanism by which tumors actively reprogram neural firing patterns, synchronizing with their microenvironment to enhance invasiveness.

Ru_0.6Cu₁(Cu⁰–Cu¹⁺)/CeO₂ catalyst converts CO₂-to-fuels via artificial photosynthesis, overcoming O₂ poisoning and sluggish C₂ yield through photothermal interface reconstruction. It achieves 74.3% selectivity for C₂H₄ with 0.5% solar efficiency.

Graphene film-based metamaterials are applied for polarization manipulation of electromagnetic shielding effectiveness, achieving high performance in polarization sensitivity, full polarization shielding, and switching efficiency.

This study describes a targeted artificial evolution strategy to create a continuum of compact phenotypes in cucurbit crops for higher yield and labour efficiency, based on screening natural populations and artificially generating novel variants.

A multiomics dataset including genomics, transcriptomics and metabolomic variations across 403 upland cotton accessions identifies MYB genes regulating key metabolites and agronomic traits during cotton ovule and fiber development.

The study finds elevated CO₂ reduces methylmercury production across 45 freshwater lakes spanning 1200 longitudinal kilometers, specifically 54–96% in eutrophic ones, by shifting methanogenic pathways, highlighting the need to integrate climate drivers for methylmercury risk predictions.

Whether amorphous-amorphous interfaces constitute separate phases requires clarification. This study reports a Pd₄₀Ni₄₀P₂₀ bulk granular nanostructured glass with an interfacial structural-compositional rearrangement.

Dendrobium is a genus of mostly epiphytic and lithophytic orchids. Here, the authors conduct comparative genome analysis for 24 chromosome-level genome assemblies and genome skimming sequencing data for 204 species in this genus, and reveal genomic variation, biosynthesis and evolutionary adaptation in Dendrobium orchids.

The CMS Collaboration reports the measurement of the spin, parity, and charge conjugation properties of all-charm tetraquarks, exotic fleeting particles formed in proton–proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider.

Using time-resolved Coulomb-explosion imaging, the authors capture a 600 fs pseudorotation in the benzene cation, revealing coherent vibronic dynamics around a conical intersection and visualizing transient structural variations.

Here, Xiong et al investigate mid-gestational brain development from Down syndrome and control brain samples using single-nucleus RNA sequencing. They report cell-type- and region-specific transcriptional alterations associated with chr21 abnormalities.

The key regulators driving intrinsic immune responses and neuropathic pain remain elusive. Here, the authors elucidate that ZFP612-mediated epigenetic disinhibition of Il1rl1 within the 3D genome in dorsal root ganglion neurons causes neuropathic pain.

This work enables multi-target, ultra-fast optical wireless communication with a chip-scale device. The system delivers 320 Gbps speeds and robust video transmission, providing a solid-state solution for future high-capacity networks.

This study reports a metastable dual-vacancy catalytic design that enhances proton-coupled electron transfer by balancing proton supply and charge separation. The system achieves nearly 100% CO₂-to-CH₄ selectivity with a 75-fold higher rate than pristine TiO₂, offering a new pathway for designing selective catalytic systems.

Lactate acts as a metabolic fuel, a signalling molecule and a protein modifier. A study reveals that in glioblastoma, a lactate-mediated metabolic crosstalk between tumour-associated macrophages and glioblastoma stem-like cells enhances DNA repair, promotes stemness, drives immune evasion and accelerates tumour growth.

Embryo development is critical to seed development and grain yield in rice. Here, the authors show that mutation of brassinazole-resistance 4 (OsBZR4) cause embryoless phenotype with the possible involvement of auxin signaling and the penetration of the phenotype depending on genetic background and temperature.

Breaking the symmetry of high-entropy alloy surfaces for delicate strain tuning is highly appealing for electrocatalysis. Herein, high-entropy alloy nanorings with stress-release-driven compressive strain at stepped defects are reported for efficient oxygen reduction reaction.

Tandem repeats (TRs) have unique ability to drive a range of phenotype variations. Here, the authors survey rice TR variations based on 231 genome assemblies and the rice pan-genome graph, identify TR variations associated with expressed genes, and reveal expression TRs contributed to rice agronomic trait variations.

Patients with kidney failure undergoing maintenance hemodialysis have poor long-term survival. Here the authors use affinity-based proteomics to identify circulating risk factors for mortality in patients with kidney failure on hemodialysis.

Even though chiroptical luminophores have high potential for optoelectronic innovation and precision bioimaging, their rational engineering remains constrained by synthetic limitations. Here, the authors report a streamlined and programmable asymmetric synthesis platform enabling systematic construction of boron-stereogenic boron dipyrromethenes (BODIPYs) with near-infrared chiroptical activity.

Somatic mutations accumulate with age and have been linked to functional decline and disease. Single-cell analysis of human cartilage samples from donors with and without osteoarthritis shows that somatic mutations accumulate with age, but, in osteoarthritis, they show distinct mutational patterns and slower accumulation, possibly due to DNA-damage-induced chondrocyte death.

The connection between plasma proteomic and brain structure remains unclear. Here, the authors establish a comprehensive atlas of the patterns of associations between microscale proteome and brain structure, and demonstrate their potential value for studying brain disorders.