Search

Using cryo-EM, Cui et al. map distinct conformational states of the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (Env). The study establishes a classification framework for these dynamic structures and a mechanism of Env conformational changes from closed to fully open.

Electrochemical advanced oxidation water treatment processes (EAOPs) can help achieve a sustainable water cycle but remain challenging to scale up and implement. This study presents a flow-through EAOP device design that features good scalability and exhibits high practical application potential.

Analysis of FeTe films grown using molecular-beam epitaxy and annealed under a Te flux post-growth shows that stoichiometric FeTe is inherently a superconductor, contradicting the long-held view that it is an antiferromagnetic metal.

Ge, Liu et al. develop and validate a survival model (SM-CRT) using multicentre data from 30,947 cancer patients to predict catheter-related thrombosis (CRT) risk. The model accurately identifies high-risk patients and high-risk time periods, supporting personalised thromboprophylaxis and optimised catheter removal timing.

Indian dwarf wheat (Triticum sphaerococcum) is thermotolerant, but the underlying mechanism is unclear. Here, the authors report the cloning of the heat tolerance gene encoding a STKc_GSK3 kinase and its variation affects phosphorylation level of downstream TaPIF4 in determining thermotolerance.

Electrochemical CO₂ reduction in acidic media offers a promising route for CO₂ valorization but faces challenges owing to competing hydrogen evolution and sluggish C–C coupling. Here the authors demonstrate that surface-adsorbed iodide ions enhance performance on Cu-based catalysts, doubling ethylene selectivity and reducing overpotentials.

Researchers created a moiré superlattice in Sb₂Te₃/FeTe bilayers, producing spatially modulated superconducting gaps directly imaged with Josephson scanning tunnelling microscopy and spectroscopy, tunable by replacing Sb₂Te₃ with Bi₂Te₃.

CO₂ electroreduction to multicarbon products is desirable but challenging. Now, self-pressurizing nanoscale capsule catalysts are synthesized. The self-pressurising capsules harness high-pressure CO environments for selective acetate or propanol production via a CO–CO₂ coupling pathway.

A fluorochromic metal–organic framework sensor enables real-time visualization of thorium adsorption and exhibits a higher selectivity than other tetravalent cations.

Pangenome analyses of 28 representative Gossypium hirsutum accessions, including a telomere-to-telomere genome for NDM13, and transcriptomic profiling across 15 tissues highlight structural variations associated with breeding traits.

Inspired by class II aldolases found in nature, the authors report a biomimetic copper/squaramide cooperative catalysis strategy for asymmetric Mannich reactions between challenging acyclic ketimines and α-substituted β-keto esters.

Xiaolu et al. evaluate the efficacy and safety of eribulin plus gemcitabine treatment for HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer patients. The combination treatment is effective in patients with HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer needing second-line or later treatment and has a predictable, manageable side effect profile.

Achieving generality in asymmetric catalysis with highly reactive radicals is a challenge. Now it is shown that a sequential copper-catalysed approach enables the efficient, enantioselective cross-coupling of over 50 diverse radicals, providing unified access to C-, P- and S-chiral products and advancing the asymmetric synthesis of challenging molecular architectures.

Cascaded nonlinear optics has long enabled advances in short-wavelength generation, but equivalent approaches for long wavelengths remain underdeveloped. Here, the authors demonstrate a chip-based lithium niobate platform that delivers tunable mid-infrared light, opening new possibilities for sensing, spectroscopy, and communications.

P-Stereogenic organophosphorus compounds are a class of highly important compounds due to their potentials in asymmetric catalysis, both as ligands or catalysts. Here the authors report a regio-, E-, and enantioselective phosphinylation of allenylic acetates with racemic secondary phosphine oxides under bimetallic Pd/Cu catalysis.

Diarrhoea is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in China. Here, the authors present results from a large sentinel surveillance scheme from 217 hospitals in all 31 provinces in mainland China, including ~150,000 patients with acute diarrhoea and covering years 2009-2018.

China operates a national surveillance program for acute respiratory infections and sampled over 200,000 patients between 2009–2019. Here, the authors present results from this program and describe patterns by age, pathogen type, presence of pneumonia, and season.

Dendrobium is a genus of mostly epiphytic and lithophytic orchids. Here, the authors conduct comparative genome analysis for 24 chromosome-level genome assemblies and genome skimming sequencing data for 204 species in this genus, and reveal genomic variation, biosynthesis and evolutionary adaptation in Dendrobium orchids.

Dissolved Fe(II) could greatly enhance uptake of dissolved phosphorus by common phyllosilicate minerals in the Archean and Proterozoic ferruginous oceans, serving as a key mediator in early phosphorus cycling and habitability

Liu et al. report Chinese normative lifespan brain charts showing later neurodevelopmental milestones than those detected in Western cohorts. Individual deviations from these norms are valuable in assessing clinical risk and outcomes.

WIN332 is an HIV-1 Env protein designed to elicit a new class of Asn332-glycan-independent antibodies (type II) to the V3-glycan site of Env. WIN332 immunization rapidly induces type-II V3-glycan antibodies with low inhibitory activity indicative of a neutralization activity in macaques.

Dietary capsaicin alleviates Alzheimer’s disease-like pathologies in 5xFAD mice via reshaping gut bacteria and elevating the production of lipid metabolites 24-hydroxycholesterol.

Biogenic–anthropogenic interactions increase the formation and prevalence of secondary organic aerosol coatings on urban black carbon in Nanjing, China. These coatings amplify radiative effects, according to a model–data analysis for 2023.

Bioresorbable piezoelectric materials are key for bioelectronic–tissue integration but remain challenging to realize. Here, the authors develop flexible Rochelle salt/PLLA nanofibers that enable effective nerve regeneration and wireless monitoring of intestinal motility.

An optimized 3D culture system enabled a stem cell-derived monkey blastoid to develop to day 25, recapitulating key events of primate late gastrula and demonstrating notable similarity to natural embryos.

Xiao et al. report the synthesis of a fullerene derivative bearing four piperazidine groups to engineer the tin halide perovskite/C60 interface, enabling the photovoltaic devices with a power conversion efficiency of 22.49% and an output power density of 64.1 μW cm-2 under 1,000 lux white light illuminance.

Dicarbofunctionalization of nonactivated alkenes is a simple way to rapidly build molecular complexity, but these transformations have not been extensively explore under metallaphotoredox conditions. Here, the authors develop a nickel/photoredox dual catalytic system for arylalkylation of alkenes.

Chiral monodentate biaryl phosphines (MOPs) have attracted intense attention as chiral ligands over the past decades. Here, the authors show diversity-oriented synthesis of structurally diverse MOPs containing both phosphorus and axial chirality.

While boron is usually characterized as a Lewis acid and an electrophile, nucleophilic boron anions have recently attracted tremendous research interest. Here, the authors report the synthesis and structure of a nucleophilic boron anionic salt featuring an exo-polyhedral B–Mg bond.

Lactate fuels cancer growth by activating ERK signaling through GCN5-mediated lactylation of ERK, which disrupts ERK–MEK interactions. Development of a cell-penetrating peptide blocking lactylation slows KRAS-mutant tumor development.

Catalytic multicomponent carbonylation reactions with high regio- and chemoselectivity represent one of the long-pursued goals in C1 chemistry. Here, the authors report a cobalt-catalyzed divergent radical alkene carbonylative functionalization under 1 atm of CO at 23 °C.

Selective defluorinative functionalization is a synthetic route to pharmaceutically important fluorine-containing compounds but activation of inert C–F bonds remains challenging. Here the authors report activation of di-or trifluoromethylated arenes for radical C–N coupling with carbazoles and aromatic amines using photoexcited copper catalysis.

Topological lasers offer robust performance but often at the cost of a large non-lasing bulk. Here, the authors propose a Dirac-scaled quantum cascade laser that expands the lasing mode volume while maintaining robustness against structural defects.

Tao et al. show that SCRN1 acts as a scaffold to facilitate GPX4 phosphorylation by STK38, thereby preventing chaperone-mediated autophagy of GPX4 and subsequent ferroptosis in patient-derived organoids and mouse models for hepatocellular carcinoma.

Tpt1 family proteins are highly conserved and play essential roles in nucleic acid phosphate transfer in an NAD + -dependent manner. Here, the authors present several crystal structures of TkoTpt1 and reaffirm the two-step catalytic mechanism of the Tpt1-catalyzed reactions.

Here, with multi-omics analyses of human cohorts and murine models, the authors identify Odoribacter splanchnicus depletion to impair intestinal P-glycoprotein function via loss of microbial, GDP-L-fucose, which in turn promotes eIF4E phosphorylation and c-Jun–driven ABCB1 expression, maintaining xenobiotic efflux.

The nature of the pairing symmetry in superconducting single-layer FeSe has been the subject of intense debate. Here, the authors use scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy to show the absence of topological edge/corner modes, providing evidence for sign-preserving s-wave pairing.

Quantum anomalous Hall junctions show great promise for advancing next-generation electronic circuits. Here, the authors demonstrate a scalable method for synthesizing heterostructures of magnetic topological insulators with regions of distinct Chern numbers and characterize the chiral interface modes that emerge at the interface.

Multimodal Large Language Models are energy intensive and computationally demanding. Here, the authors developed a series of lightweight Multimodal Large Language Models deployable on edge devices.

An analysis of 140 floras from China reveals that high species diversity exists in granite and mixed landforms, while low species diversity is found in karst, Danxia, and desert landforms. Based on these findings, the authors provide new clues for understanding the assembly and differentiation of mountain floras, highlighting the role of bedrock and landform processes.

The house-keeping aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are increasingly recognized for their regulatory roles beyond protein synthesis. Research now uncovers a function of nuclear arginyl-tRNA synthetase in the regulation of alternative mRNA splicing through SRRM2 in response to inflammation and decreased arginine levels.

Insect genomics is entering a telomere-to-telomere (T2T) era. This study presents a 596-Mb T2T genome of an individual male Bactrocera dorsalis—a species with atypical telomeres, centromeres, and sex-chromosome architecture—advancing genetics, chromosome biology, and pest management.

Cui and colleagues identify the chromatin organizer protein SATB1 as a critical regulator of quiescence in stem-like progenitor CD8⁺ T cells that arise during chronic viral infection and cancer.