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A composite sorbent combining LiCl with MOF material Ni₂Cl₂(BTDD) enables high water uptakes while low desorption temperature, achieving solar-driven water yield over 1 L m^‒2 day^‒1, which has been confirmed in field tests even across diverse regions.

This study applies generalized linear mixed models (GLMM) and advanced transcriptome wide association study (TWAS) methods to improve the discovery of colorectal cancer risk transcription factors and genes, including potential druggable targets.

In this work, the authors propose and experimentally test a framework to analyse the fundamental limits of quantum detector tomography, i.e., the limits to extractable information from probing unknown quantum measurements. They introduce the detector quantum Fisher information, which physically connects measurement structure to quantum advantage, complementing previously known state and channel metrics.

Fracto-mechanoluminescence is the emission of light from fracturing solids. Here, the authors show that this emission in Mn halides arises from elastic stiffness, electromechanical coupling, and trap states that activate Mn²⁺ d−d transitions.

The mechanical properties of inorganic solid electrolytes for Li batteries are typically characterised by a high Young’s modulus above 15 GPa and hardness above 1 GPa. Here, authors develop a cost-effective and mechanically compliant inorganic solid electrolyte, with reduced Young’s modulus and hardness of 1.41 and 0.22 GPa, respectively, for practical all-solid-state Li batteries.

The insufficient structure and biofunction of cartilaginous implant impede cartilage regeneration. Here, the authors develop anti-swelling and self-activating artificial proteoglycan assemblies for post-microfracture healing by downregulate calcium signaling pathway and reducing ossification.

Despite high efficiencies, all-perovskite tandem solar cells are hindered by thermal instability. Guo et al. address this issue by introducing a multi-Lewis-base modulator, which suppresses the formation of dense Cs-rich films in Pb-Sn perovskites to concurrently deliver high performance and stability.

Multimodal brain recordings are no easy task. Here, the authors introduce a neural implant with integrated carbon nanotube field-effect transistors for multimodal recording of electrical and chemical signals.

Direct observation of the Migdal effect in neutron–nucleus collisions is reported, which resolves a long-standing gap in experimental validation.

Using magnetic tweezers and atomistic simulations, the authors investigated RNA dynamics and uncovered how cations and, more surprisingly, anions, drastically distorts and softens RNA.

Dendrobium is a genus of mostly epiphytic and lithophytic orchids. Here, the authors conduct comparative genome analysis for 24 chromosome-level genome assemblies and genome skimming sequencing data for 204 species in this genus, and reveal genomic variation, biosynthesis and evolutionary adaptation in Dendrobium orchids.

Radical ligand transfer is a common reactive pathway in 3d transition metals. Here the authors describe it for 5d transition metals in dinuclear gold complexes, for the formal addition of unactivated C(sp³)–Cl bond in gem-dichloroalkanes and Freon-22 to different kinds of alkenes.

Single-cell multi-omics analysis reveals the transcriptional signatures of dermal papilla cells in yak hair follicles, providing insights into adaptation of yaks to cold climates.

This study identifies 245 genetic loci associated with head-to-body ratios using 38,202 bone density scan images from the UK Biobank, revealing genetic links to skeletal and brain development, disease susceptibility, and human evolutionary adaptation.

This study leverages plasma proteomics from over 50,000 individuals to build organ-specific aging models and uncover underlying genetic mechanisms. It also investigates causal links between organ aging, diseases, and lifestyle, providing insights for promoting healthy longevity.

An eco-friendly and sustainable NH₃ desorption process has been successfully realized in a bipyridinium-bearing MOF adsorbent via free radical-dominated photothermal conversion for localized heating.

KP.3.1.1 S S31del confers enhanced immune escape and increased infectivity, which is counterbalanced by NSP10 S33C. The opposing effects of these mutations highlight the complex interplay of viral genomic elements in shaping their overall fitness.

This study uses near-field terahertz microscopy to reveal how hidden resonant modes in gold metasurfaces trap and intensify light, showing size-dependent nonlocal effects that shape bound states in the continuum.

Jia Hu and colleagues propose a human-lead truck platooning method with lane-changing capability to improve logistics efficiency and reduce labor costs. It has been deployed in large-scale port operations in Shanghai.

One of the main limitations of valleytronics is the backscattering-induced depolarization. Here, by engineering the valley Dirac masses in momentum and real spaces, authors theoretically and experimentally demonstrate chiral valley edge states with backscattering-free propagation and polarized valleys.

Laser plasma instabilities are the main factors contributing to degradation of hohlraum performance in inertial confinement fusion experiments. Here, the authors show asymmetric backscattering within the same laser cone at the SG-100kJ laser facility, unveiling the role of crossed-beam energy transfer and laser polarization.

Poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-trifluoroethylene)’s (PVDF-TrFE) piezoelectricity can be enhanced by annealing, however current annealing methods are slow. Here, the authors perform ultra-fast flash annealing of PVDF-TrFE to achieve a high piezoelectricity.

Here they show that gasdermin-E (GSDME) acts as a key driver of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) by triggering senescence in vascular smooth muscle cells, a process reversible with senolytic drugs, highlighting a promising therapeutic target of AAA.

Efforts to develop P2X7 drugs are hampered by species differences. Here, authors reveal the structural basis for these disparities and show that transgenic mice provide a powerful model for testing selective inhibitors with greater clinical relevance.

Myocardial infarction triggers inflammation driven by immune cell reprogramming, but the epigenetic regulators involved remain unclear. Here, the authors show that histone acetyltransferase 1 enhances postinfarction inflammation by promoting histone succinylation in monocytes.

An integrated surface-enhanced Raman scattering navigation instrument allows the intraoperative classification of malignant-grade prostate tumours by simultaneously assessing tissue acidity and prostate-specific antigen enzymatic activity.

Disulfide bonds are widely found in nature and are prevalent in therapeutic contexts due to their dynamic nature. Here, the authors disclose a click chemistry protocol to convert thiols to disulfides using SO₂F₂, and show its application in aqueous contexts, in flow, and for polymerizations.

This study reports graphene–amorphous carbon with interwoven networks, achieving a flexural strength of 203 MPa. Microscopy shows that crack deflection at graphene/amorphous interfaces underlies its superior performance.

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is aggressive with limited therapeutic options. Here, authors find that loss of CRACD induces neuroendocrine plasticity and immune evasion and suggest manipulating the CRACD-EZH2-MHC-I axis as a potential therapeutic strategy for SCLC.

Understanding long-range genomic regulation is a key challenge for DNA foundation models. Here, authors develop OmniReg-GPT with a hybrid local-global attention architecture, enabling efficient analysis of multi-scale regulatory features across long DNA sequences.

Type 2 diabetes is an established risk factor for dementia. Here, the authors use data from 33,136 older Chinese adults to show that polygenic risk for type 2 diabetes was associated with vascular dementia but not Alzheimer’s disease.

The synthesis of functionalized γ-lactams is challenging due to instability of the products and difficulties in controlling diastereoselectivity. Here, the authors report on the design and synthesis of a naphthyl-based pyrene-containing covalent organic framework and utilize it as a heterogeneous photocatalyst for synthesis of γ-lactams.

A tunable magnetic nanochains platform (EVGpro) enables tandem enrichment, proteomic, and N-glycoproteomic analysis of extracellular vesicles from ultratrace biofluids. EVGpro identifies N-glycoprotein signatures and two asthenozoospermia subtypes.

Insulin resistance contributes to cardiometabolic disease, but its genetic basis remains incompletely defined. Here, the authors identify 217 associated loci and highlight potential therapeutic targets, linking insulin resistance to multiple diseases and aging traits.

A mechano-intelligent transmission mechanism based on the slipknot delivers precise force signals for clinical practice and robotic operations such as minimally invasive surgery and tendon-driven robotics.

Wang, Xiao and colleagues develop and validate organ-specific proteomic aging clocks across large population cohorts in the UK, the USA and China, which show strong performance in tracking organ aging and predicting the risk of morbidity and mortality.

In this Perspective, members of the Aging Biomarker Consortium outline the X-Age Project, an Aging Biomarker Consortium plan for building standardized aging clocks in China. The authors discuss the project roadmap and its aims of decoding aging heterogeneity, detecting accelerated aging early and evaluating geroprotective interventions.

Flexible regulation of Cas12a activity enhances its performance across contexts. Here, authors achieve this with a simple crRNA direct repeat mutation strategy, improving Cas12a utility in gene editing and nucleic acid diagnostics.

Conditional knockout of LARP4 in naive CD4⁺ T cells leads to attenuated quiescence exit and clonal expansion.

Polygenic scores for body mass index and obesity constructed using data from 5 million people with different ancestries were associated with distinct weight gain trajectories from early childhood to adulthood.

The hydrogenation of multisubstituted allenes presents a long-standing challenge due to the difficulty in simultaneously controlling multiple selectivity parameters. Now a class of pincer cobalt catalysts featuring multiple metal–ligand cooperation functionalities has been developed that enables the regio- and stereodivergent hydrogenation of allenes to provide all possible multisubstituted alkene products.

The study reveals a nanobody that blocks LGR4 to activate fat browning and combat obesity, offering structural insights and a potential strategy for weight loss therapy.

An EC-NBI-based CAD system with advanced multi-stage pre-training fills endoscopy’s real-time diagnosis gap for colorectal lesions. It was shown to outperform other supervised methods and guides real-time biopsies.