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Previous observations of the valley Hall effect have been limited to the linear regime. Now a nonlinear version is demonstrated with a larger magnitude than in the linear case.

Global Burden of Disease analysis found that in 2023, suboptimal diet was estimated to be responsible for 4 million deaths and 97 million morbidity burdens from ischemic heart disease.

Disentangling the exotic phases that can emerge at the surfaces of strongly correlated materials from the bulk is experimentally difficult. Here, Jain, Diao, Ong, Rusydi, and coauthors succeed in doing so, using grazing incident-angle dependent resonant X-ray scattering to find an emergent surface magnetic ordering and surface electronic dipole layers in the two-dimensional film of La2CuO4

Lasers find ubiquitous use in physics due to their coherence, spectral purity and high intensity. Here, authors create a two-mode thermomechanically squeezed phonon laser in an optical levitation system by combining nonlinear damping with parametric modulation of the coupling between two oscillation modes.

Five nuclear spins in silicon and the [[4, 2, 2]] code are used to demonstrate a universal logical gate set and to execute a variational quantum eigensolver computation of the ground-state energy of a water molecule.

ProtAIDe-Dx is a deep joint-learning model that uses plasma proteomics to provide simultaneous probabilistic diagnoses across six conditions associated with aging.

The conversion of biomass into high-value hydrocarbons offers a clean alternative to fossil fuel-derived chemicals. Now electrocatalytic reductive amination of furfural to ethyl-2-furylmethylamine using waste acetonitrile over an Fe–CuO_x catalyst is reported. Cu²⁺ is used to reverse the reactivity of aldehydes and nitriles, and Fe³⁺ maintains Cu²⁺ dynamic stability.

Chen et al. uncover the mechanism of transferring chirality from chiral perovskite host to a molecular guest mediated by the electronic coupling at the interface. A photoactive charge transfer state is identified, which inherits the chiroptical properties of the host matrix, resulting in selectivity to circularly polarized photons.

Zhang, Huang, Wang, Long et al. report that NAT10 enhances serine uptake and biosynthesis in an ac4C-dependent mechanism, thereby promoting stemness and progression in acute myeloid leukaemia.

In a prospective multi-centre cohort in China, people living in areas of high soil selenium had a 35% increased risk of incident diabetes over a 3-year study period, with a stronger effect seen for men.

Robotic grippers struggle to handle fragile and varied objects across environments. Here, the authors introduce a liquid metal gripper that adapts its shape and stiffness for gentle, multiscale grasping and active release.

The structure of layered oxides dictates their properties as positive electrodes in sodium-ion batteries, but its rational design remains challenging. Here, authors employ electronegativity and configurational entropy as a design descriptor to guide the synthesis of a sodium-deficient layered oxide with an O3 stacking sequence, rendering good thermal and air stability.

High-resolution satellite data enables a unique verification of national methane emissions worldwide. Global estimates are 63 Tg a⁻¹ for oil-gas, 30% higher than the UNFCCC reports due to under-reporting by four largest emitters, and 33 Tg a⁻¹ for coal, consistent with previous estimates.

Strong nonlinear optical response of most thin layered materials is often narrowband, especially in the mid-infrared spectral range. Here, authors experimentally observe second harmonic generation in the range of 1.2-5.0 μm from Weyl semiconductor tellurium nanoflakes. The generation efficiency is shown to be two orders of magnitude larger than that of GaSe.

Wound biomarker monitoring faces challenges in both sensitivity and stability. Here, authors present soft wireless bioelectronic device, using self-confined tetrahedral DNA circuits, that enhance detection limits, resists biofouling, and enables stable and real-time monitoring of diabetic wound healing.

Using RAMPAGE across 115 human biosamples, this study maps over 26,000 transposable element–derived transcription start sites and shows how their evolutionary age and promoter features shape tissue-specific gene regulation in primates.

A dated phylogeny of 16,585 vascular plant species native to China reveals three major centres of endemism, including a potential new global biodiversity hotspot.

Slow sulfur redox limits the development of wide-temperature-range Na-S batteries. Here, authors prepare Sn-doped CoNiS multipods catalyst with amorphous–crystalline interfaces that accelerate polysulfides conversion, enabling high-capacity and long-life batteries operated from −20 to 50 °C.

The coexistence of ferroelectricity and nonreciprocal transport in metallic material has been a challenge. The authors demonstrate that the polarity-induced nonreciprocal transport can be nonvolatile and electrically reversed in ferroelectric polar metal WTe₂.

Climate change is altering how plants balance carbon gain and water loss. This study maps global leaf-level water-use efficiency over the past two decades, showing it is highest in regions that are cold or dry, increasing worldwide, and strongly influenced by atmospheric dryness.

Single-nucleus chromatin and RNA sequencing identifies epigenetic chromatin domains that confer vulnerability to paediatric brain tumours such as ependymomas, providing insight into the development of such tumours despite ‘quiet’ genomes.

Electrochemical CO reduction to multi-carbon products offers a carbon-negative approach to produce chemicals, but the intricate reaction pathways lead to a broad spectrum of products. Now it has been shown that alkali cations alter the mechanistic pathways that govern the reaction selectivity involved in the formation of hydrocarbons versus oxygenates.

One-dimensional materials such as carbon nanotubes have many applications, but not all of their properties can be described in the same way as for conventional media. Here, the authors devise a method to measure the complex optical susceptibility in a 1D nanomaterial and demonstrate it for carbon nanotubes.

This work demonstrates superadiabatic topological pumping on photonic chips, achieving a 20-fold device miniaturization and high-efficiency operation across a 650–920 nm bandwidth, paving the way for ultracompact integrated photonic transports.

Allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT) is approved for the treatment of transfusion-dependent thalassemia but remains limited to the use of matched sibling donors. In this multi-centre, phase-4 prospective clinical trial, the authors evaluate the use of alloHSCT with matched unrelated donors and haploidentical relatives.

Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is a rare and aggressive neuroendocrine tumor with limited risk stratification. Here, the authors perform multi-omic analysis of MTC samples from 452 patients across 10 Chinese clinical centers, identify molecular subtypes and develop a prediction model.

Zhang, Han, Tan, Lu, Ma et al. report that kynurenine derived from peritumoural adipose tissue is hijacked by cancer cells to mediate ferroptosis resistance, a process that could potentially be targeted with immunotherapy to inhibit tumour growth.

The authors report the time-reversal symmetry breaking superconductivity in the thin-flake kagome material RbV3Sb5, manifesting primarily as an unconventional form of hysteresis that is not observed in CsV3Sb5. They also observe reentrance of superconductivity during an in-plane field-sweeping process at 400 mK.

This study applies generalized linear mixed models (GLMM) and advanced transcriptome wide association study (TWAS) methods to improve the discovery of colorectal cancer risk transcription factors and genes, including potential druggable targets.

A continuous-wave narrow-linewidth vacuum ultraviolet laser generated using four-wave mixing in cadmium vapour is shown to improve linewidth by five orders of magnitude compared with previous single-frequency lasers below 190 nm.

Wolbachia affects host reproduction and nutrition, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. This study suggests Wolbachia enhances ovarian development in Laodelphax striatellus via riboflavin synthesis, driving ATP production and ovarian maturation.

Estimates from the Global Burden of Disease study reveal declines in chronic respiratory disease mortality between 1990 and 2023—especially during the COVID-19 pandemic—but the burdens on people affected remain substantial.

Endocytosis of TFR1 plays a crucial role in extracelluar iron uptake. Here the authors revealed that PKCβII facilitates the endocytosis of TFR1 and increases cellular iron levels through the phosphorylation of AAK1, thus promoting ferroptosis of tumor cells.

In this work, the authors implement a crystalline rank-2 chiral modes by employing non-Hermitian dynamics. They showed the momentum-resolved dynamics and non-Hermitian skin effect associated with the rank-2 chirality both theoretically and experimentally.

It is currently challenging to identify the Blood-brain barrier (BBB) status using non-contrast MR images due to lack of gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCA)-induced features. Here the authors find that the contrast-free BBB status identification model (CBSI) overcomes such limitations due to its ability to perform comparably to the gadolinium-enhanced T1-weighted (T1Gd) magnetic resonance (MR) model as well as its generalizability potential.

Through integrated multi-omics and experimental validation, this study reveals that altered gut microbiota and bile acid metabolism activate TLR3 to induce urothelial injury in interstitial cystitis, identifying a pathway with therapeutic potential.

Spin transport properties of magnetically ordered materials have been well studied. Here, the authors report an anomalous spin signal exhibiting spin transport over 480 microns in the frustrated hyperkagome magnetic insulator Gd₃Ga₅O₁₂.

The longevity of leaves determines the overall duration of photosynthesis for plants. This study suggests that climate change drives leaf longevity convergence toward intermediate ranges, which, by altering leaf traits and enhancing photosynthetic capacity, strengthens ecosystem stability and is closely linked to vegetation diversity.

This study reveals a hierarchical development of the brain’s structural connectome from infancy to childhood, characterized by distinct sensorimotor-association trajectories and alignment with multiple neurobiological hierarchies.

This paper reports the intralayer ferroelectric-to-antiferroelectric and ferroelectric-toparaelectric phase transitions in layered NbOCl₂ and NbOI₂ under a small pressure, respectively, along with the strong manipulations of nonlinear optics.

Identifying modifiable factors for cardiovascular health is becoming increasingly important. Here, the authors demonstrate that eating within shorter, earlier time windows is associated with lower cardiovascular risk in Chinese children. Multi-omics analysis suggests that lipid metabolism pathways may mediate these effects.

It remains unclear whether and how endometrial dysfunction leads to infertility in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), independent of the ovary. Here, the authors show that elevated ERα and histone lactylation impair endometrial receptivity in PCOS and serve as potential therapeutic targets.