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The efficient mass transport is the key factor to advancing the flow-electrocatalytic chemosynthesis. Here, the authors design a flow-through architecture in flow electrolyzer, reinforcing mass transport in the electrolyte to achieve the high efficiency of continuous oxime electrosynthesis.

This study shows that WDR5 remodels NANOG condensates to control transcriptional programs. Disrupting their interaction compromises stem cell identity and suppresses leukemia stem cell expansion.

A pathogenic subset of NK cells is identified that promotes type 1 diabetes and is generated via T cell-derived IL-21.

Li-In alloys are widely used as reference materials in the research field of solid-state lithium-based batteries. Here, the authors report and discuss the instability of Li-In electrodes towards sulfide solid electrolytes in all-solid-state batteries.

Humanity’s Last Exam, a multi-modal benchmark at the frontier of human knowledge, is designed to be an expert-level closed-ended academic benchmark with broad subject coverage.

The efficient low-temperature combustion of stable alkanes remains a major challenge in catalysis. Now it has been shown that a Pt–Nb dual-atom catalyst enables propane combustion through a distinct stepwise-boosting, current-assisted atomic relay mechanism, yielding complete conversion below 200 °C and a high turnover frequency.

Liu et al. report Chinese normative lifespan brain charts showing later neurodevelopmental milestones than those detected in Western cohorts. Individual deviations from these norms are valuable in assessing clinical risk and outcomes.

Silicon materials offer high capacity in Li-ion batteries but suffer from huge volume changes during cycling, requiring external pressure to maintain performance. Here, authors develop a self-healing gel polymer electrolyte that confines silicon expansion without external pressure.

Brown adipose tissue β3AR plays a functional role in regulating susceptibility to social stress, which is controlled by neural inputs from the paraventricular hypothalamus.

Florets of indica rice open earlier than japonica rice, hindering utilization of the cross subspecies heterosis. Here, the authors show that an OsMYB8-OsJAR1 module regulates diurnal floret opening time divergences between the two subspecies.

In mice, a SPOCD1–TPR-dependent ‘nowhere-to-hide’ mechanism is required for complete non-stochastic piRNA-directed LINE1 DNA methylation by preventing transposons from escaping surveillance within heterochromatin.

Liu, Liu, Wu and Yao et al. developed a peptide inhibitor that selectively blocks the Ada-two-A-containing histone complex by targeting the YEATS2 YEATS domain and suppresses tumor growth in non-small cell lung cancer.

Peng et al. identify a class of non-aromatic, chorismate-derived compounds, abundant in the roots of Arabidopsis thaliana. These compounds are made by a biosynthetic gene cluster comprising five adjacent genes encoding biosynthetic enzymes.

Intestinal mucin 1 (MUC1) is a glycosylated protein that maintains intestinal epithelial barrier (IEB) integrity. Here, the authors show that reduced intestinal MUC1 levels and glycosylation facilitate metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) progression by impairing IEB integrity, via clathrin-mediated endocytosis and NEDD4-mediated lysosomal degradation of MUC1 (triggered by decreased glycosylation).

NatD is an acetyltransferase responsible for N-α-terminal acetylation of the histone H4 and H2A and has been linked to cell growth. Here the authors show that NatD-mediated acetylation of histone H4 serine 1 competes with the phosphorylation by CK2α at the same residue thus leading to the upregulation of Slug and tumor progression.

He et al. present a parameter-efficient fine-tuning method for single-cell language models that improves performance on unseen diseases, treatments and cell types.

This study establishes MPXV clade IIb-infected SCID mouse models presenting with pneumonia, lesions, and localized inflammation that recapitulate key clinical manifestations observed in high-risk populations, and demonstrates that the timing of treatment initiation and the stage of disease progression critically influence the anti-MPXV efficacy of both tecovirimat and cidofovir.

All-solid-state electrolytes for lithium batteries generally suffer from low ionic conductivity. Here, authors manipulate the lattice of antiperovskite-type Li₂OHCl by potassium ion substitution, which alters the lattice structure and improves the lithium ion transport properties.

Achieving desired colloidal dispersion and charge transport of FAPbI₃ perovskite quantum dots remains challenging. Here, the authors incorporate bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate to increase configurational entropy and improve solvent interaction, achieving device efficiency of 18.68% for solar cells.

Light-dependent phosphorylation can modulate rice blast immunity. Here the authors show that the receptor-like kinase OsLIKE1 phosphorylates LHCB5 to confer blast resistance and identify SNPs that could potentially be used to breed resistant cultivars.

This study presents a two-step chemical reprogramming strategy that converts fibroblasts into functional retinal pigment epithelium cells, offering a safe and scalable alternative for vision restoration in retinal degenerative diseases.

Drug-resistant bacterial infections hinder tissue repair and regeneration. Here, authors present a lysozyme nanofibril-based hydrogel that mimics neutrophil extracellular traps, enabling pathogen elimination and promoting tissue regeneration.

Researchers identified a unique “latch bulge” in yeast mitofusin Fzo1. This fungi-specific structure allows Fzo1 to dimerize and remain locked after catalyzing GTP hydrolysis, enabling efficient mitochondrial fusion with minimal energy consumption.

MuSCs are vital for muscle renewal with unclear regulatory mechanisms. Here, the authors show that cytosolic TBC1D1 inhibits nuclear entry of the AS160-STAT3 complex and regulates MuSC proliferation. Deficiency of TBC1D1 improves muscle regeneration.

Seawater electrolysis for green hydrogen is hindered by corrosive chloride ions. Here, the authors report a substrate-adaptive sacrificial corrosion strategy for creating highly active anodes that resist seawater corrosion and break thermodynamic selectivity limits.

Cobalt ions in different sublayers of the double-layered Ruddlesden–Popper perovskite Sr₃Co₂O₇ are found to develop inequivalent ionic displacements, geometrically generating a polar state while preserving metallic conductivity and exhibiting antiferromagnetism.

Thermomechanical pressing and immediate quenching of electro spun nanofibers produces transparent, poling-free piezoelectric films with nearly doubled piezoelectric output and significantly improved mechanical strength.

Phellodendron amurense is a Tertiary relict species with significant ecological and medicinal value. Here, the authors report its genome assembly and reveal the involvement of CNMT gene family is berberine biosynthesis.

Improving protein stability by inverse folding often compromises function. Here, the authors develop ABACUS-T, a multimodal inverse folding model that combines structural and evolutionary information to redesign proteins with enhanced stability while preserving biological activity.

A new artificial intelligence model, DeepSeek-R1, is introduced, demonstrating that the reasoning abilities of large language models can be incentivized through pure reinforcement learning, removing the need for human-annotated demonstrations.

A smartphone-controlled ingestible capsule can have a two-way communication with engineered microbes inside the gut via light-induced signals.

Population genomics has primarily focused on sequence polymorphisms rather than gene expression diversity. Here, the conduct RNA-seq for 328 common wheat lines to investigate the role of gene expression variation in shaping agronomic traits and their contributions to modern wheat improvement.

The mechanisms resulting in muscle satellite cell dysfunction in diabetes are not well understood. Here, the authors show that AS160 functions in the nucleus to regulate satellite cell proliferation and that its impaired nuclear entry is linked to diabetic myopathy.

Recent research has indicated that cancer patients infected with respiratory viruses exhibit a positive antitumor response. This group develops a bioorthogonal optimized nonpathogenic-recombinant virus for targeted therapy of solid tumors.

Here, the authors structurally and biochemically characterise the YcfA-YcfC enzyme system, crucial for biosynthesis of the anticancer and antimicrobial agent 6-thioguanine.