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Zhan et al. report a host energy level engineering strategy to modulate trap depth in organic host-guest systems, achieving persistent luminescence up to 27 hours and energy storage for 14 days. 4×4 electroluminescent arrays based on the host-guest system demonstrate pixel-programmable information storage capabilities.

Protein kinases contribute to hepatocellular carcinoma progression and immune evasion. This study identifies SPAK as a key driver of oncogenesis and immune exhaustion, showing that SPAK inhibition synergizes with anti-PD-1 therapy to enhance antitumor efficacy.

Iron–sulfur minerals play critical roles in regulating nitrogen cycling under anoxic conditions. This study shows that pyrrhotite with abundant iron vacancies promotes electron transfer and microbial nitrate reduction to dinitrogen.

Li and colleagues describe a monocyte-specific transcriptional state along with a persistent elevation of inflammatory markers specifically found in individuals with long COVID who had mild-to-moderate disease during acute SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Here the authors use single-cell RNA sequencing data to identify genetic variants associated with gene expression (eQTLs) within the context of “trained immunity”, the immunological memory of innate immune cells. They establish a framework for understanding the genetic basis of complex traits by combining single-cell eQTLs with multi-omics data from patients and public databases.

The 4D Nucleome Project demonstrates the use of genomic assays and computational methods to measure genome folding and then predict genomic structure from DNA sequence, facilitating the discovery of potential effects of genetic variants, including variants associated with disease, on genome structure and function.

Although pure shift nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy has enabled ultrahigh-resolution measurements in complex systems such as reaction mixtures and biomacromolecules, time-consuming data acquisition poses a limitation for further applications. Here, the authors propose a protocol combining non-uniform chunk sampling and physics-informed deep learning reconstruction that enables sampling artifact suppression, weak signal recovery and high-fidelity reconstruction of peak intensities for the fast implementation of one-, two- and multidimensional pure shift NMR.

A spatially decoupled electrochemical strategy bypasses lime passivation and delivers efficient, cost-effective, and low-carbon phosphorus recovery from wastewater, unlocking progressive water resource recovery and industrial decarbonization.

IBI318 is a recombinant bispecific IgG1 antibody that targets PD-1 and PD-L1. Here the authors report the results of a phase II trial of IBI318 combined with the receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor lenvatinib in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer with acquired resistance to first-line immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Traditional fullerene-based electron transport layers in tin perovskite solar cells are costly and limit power conversion efficiency. Tianpeng Li et al. report low-cost fluorinated polymers as alternatives, achieving a certified 14.51% efficiency on 1-cm² devices.

Hirschsprung disease, characterized by the absence of ganglion cells leading to functional bowel obstruction, can be treated with surgery. Here, the authors report that preoperative nutritional support in children with Hirschsprung disease reduced the risk of postoperative enterocolitis by comparison to standard of care in a randomized controlled trial.

Metabolic syndrome (MS) is associated with enhanced risk to develop endometrial cancer (EC). Here, the authors show that oleic acid, increased in MS, promotes endometrial cancer by supporting the stability of the rate-limiting enzyme in polyamine metabolism ODC1 and polyamine accumulation.

In patchouli (Pogostemon cablin), anther-derived somatic embryos were profiled by single-cell RNA-seq to define eight cell types, identifying PcNAC048 that drives embryonic cell differentiation, promotes lateral root development in Arabidopsis, and negatively regulates patchouli alcohol biosynthesis.

Intramolecular proton relays are proposed to enhance oxygen evolution for heterogeneous (hydro)oxide electrocatalysts, but molecular-level evidence remains limited. Now it has been shown, using an aza-fused microporous polymer with Ni–Fe sites, that adjacent Ni³⁺–OH sites relay protons from Fe⁴⁺=O, accelerating the water nucleophilic attack pathway and achieving high turnover frequencies with pH-tunable kinetics.

Coronary artery disease is a leading health threat, yet age- and sex-specific plaque patterns remain unclear. Here the authors show, using a 16,300-patient CCTA cohort, that females develop atherosclerosis ~20 years later, accelerating following menopause.

Developing anti-gout medications that simultaneously reduce uric acid and exert anti-inflammatory effects is of interest for managing gout progression. Here, the authors employ a dual-target pharmacophore model to design derivatives of β-carboline-1-propionic acid and identify a drug candidate demonstrating potent uric acid-lowering activity in male hyperuricemia mouse models and mitigating NLRP3-mediated inflammation.

Lampreys are jawless vertebrates that can offer unique insights into vertebrate evolution. Here they generate a comprehensive cell atlas of the lamprey, uncovering 70 distinct cell types across 14 tissues, and identify pancreas-like cells in the lamprey small intestine.

This study designs covalent organic frameworks with robust dipole moments, enabling efficient hydrogen and hydrogen peroxide production from pure water using mechanical vibration and light.

Precisely controlling structural colours in polymeric materials remains a major challenge. Here, the authors develop a colour design model, enabling inverse design of structural colours in bottlebrush block copolymers.

Through multimodal analyses of human cardiac tissues across different ages, Fan, Zheng, Zhan, Xu, Liu and colleagues reveal that RNA-binding protein ARID5A drives inflammaging by stabilizing the MAVS mRNA and activating the NF-κB–TBK1 pathway, and show that inactivating myocardial ARID5A attenuates cardiac senescence and functional decline.

Inversion of C3 stereochemistry of monoterpenoid indole alkaloids (MIAs) has to occur at some point during their biosynthesis; however, the mechanism has remained unresolved. Here, the authors report an oxidase–reductase enzyme pair encoded within a gene cluster and demonstrate their collaborative role in inverting MIA C3 stereochemistry.

Achieving efficiency by approaching the theoretical limit in silicon heterojunction solar cells remains challenging. Here, the authors fabricate devices using rear-side polishing and progressive RF/VHF PECVD film deposition schemes for doping layers, realizing a certified cell efficiency of 27.0%.

This study quantitatively identifies contaminant loss as the dominant limitation for silica microcavity Q factors. Through laser polishing and thermal annealing, a record-high Q of 8.28 × 10⁹ is achieved, enabling fully stabilized soliton microcombs with >60.6 dB repetition-rate phase-noise suppression.

Planar oxygen-doped carbon quantum rings (OD-CQRs) are prepared through one-pot solid-state reactions. The synthesized OD-CQRs exhibit a fluorescence peak centre at 393 nm, a full-width at half-maximum of 18 nm and a photoluminescence quantum yield of 95%. Electroluminescent light emitting diodes based on OD-CQRs demonstrate high-colour-purity violet emission.

Here, the authors develop a microneedle system that converts 5-ALA photodynamic byproducts into therapeutic fuel, enhancing ferroptosis and improving hypertrophic scar treatment.

Messenger RNA therapeutics hold great promise but are limited by suboptimal protein expression. Here, the authors develop RiboDecode, a deep learning framework that generates optimized mRNA codon sequences to significantly enhance translation efficiency and therapeutic efficacy in both vaccines and protein replacement therapies.

Aqueous electroconversion of biomass derivatives to polymer precursors has been demonstrated at the laboratory scale with low yield. Here a solid polymer electrolyte reactor is engineered to limit side reactions, yielding a high rate and and a high product concentration in a 4.3-kW pilot-scale platform.

A miniaturized ultraviolet spectral imager based on a cascaded AlGaN/GaN photodiode with a compositionally graded active region enables spectral imaging in the 250–365 nm range. The device allows the classification of different types of organics, such as oils and milk, in a single-shot imaging modality.

Lithium manganate is an important cathode material for lithium-ion batteries; however, its capacity-fading mechanism is unclear. Zhan et al. identify the oxidation state of manganese deposited on the anode, which leads to an irreversible rising in anode resistance and consequently a shortened battery life.

A machine learning approach using long-term observations of eddy covariance finds that the increase in plant intrinsic water-use efficiency under higher CO₂ levels, across diverse ecosystems, is driven primarily by reduction in canopy conductance, rather than by stimulation of gross primary productivity.

A molecular interfacial layer optimizes hole transport in tin-based perovskite solar cells, improving energy-level alignment and enhancing hole extraction efficiency.

A variety of metabolic gene clusters exist in eukaryotic genomes. Here, the authors identify a major locus containing a six-gene fatty acid metabolic gene cluster on chromosome 3 and show that it controls rice yield by regulating male fertility.

Here, the authors structurally characterize two sequential complexes leading to prespliceosome assembly, providing insights into the mechanism of branch site proofreading in the human spliceosome.