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Macrophages play an important role in repair and regeneration of damaged nerves in spinal cord injury (SCI). Here, Guo et al. investigate effects of endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria crosstalk on macrophage phenotype and develop a targeted nanorobot inhibiting the Ero1α/MAMs/mtCa²⁺ axis, promoting M2 polarization and neural repair as a therapeutic strategy to treat SCI.

Distributed multiparameter quantum metrology allows to probe multiple spatially distributed parameters across networked quantum systems. Here, the authors demonstrate distributed multiparameter quantum metrology in a modular superconducting quantum processor network.

Turning biogas into high-quality methane is limited by inefficient catalysts and complex processing. This study shows that a CeZrO_x/Ni inverse catalyst enables near-complete conversion in a simpler single stage, lowering costs and boosting viability.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) shows immunotherapy resistance and has limited treatment options. Here the authors show that arachidonic acid, a ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid, can induce pyroptosis and enhace anti-PD-1 therapy in an immunocompetent PDAC model.

Indoles are privileged structural motifs in N-heterocyclic chemistry, while developing a general and facile platform capable of directly transforming commodity chemicals into multi-functionalized indoles persists as a challenge. Herein, the authors present a photo-driven bifunctional iron-catalyzed strategy integrating photocatalysis and Lewis acid catalysis for one-pot synthesis of indoles from readily available arylamines and alkanes/carboxylic acids.

N-acetyltransferase 10 (NAT10) is an N⁴‐acetylcytidine (ac⁴C) writer, which catalyzes RNA acetylation at cytidine N⁴ position on RNAs. Here, the authors show that NAT10 catalyzes ac⁴C addition to a long non-coding RNA encoded by the oncogenic DNA virus Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), triggering viral lytic reactivation from latency, which promotes NAT10 recruitment of IFI16 mRNA, resulting in inflammasome activation.

Multi-omics profiling of the mucosal mycobiome in individuals with Crohn’s disease identifies C. sphaerospermum as a protective fungal species that counteracts intestinal inflammation and reinforces the intestinal barrier.

3D-printed gel microcilia arrays printed by two-photon polymerization and composed of a soft acrylic acid-co-acrylamide hydrogel with a nanometre-scale network structure are shown to respond to low-voltage electrical stimuli within milliseconds, enabling dynamic individual control and non-reciprocal 3D motion.

A wearable paper-based microfluidic device tracks cortisol in sweat via gold nanoflower colorimetric assays and captures circadian rhythms, stress responses and jet lag disruptions.

By analyzing the structures of the Polycomb repressive deubiquitinase complex, which catalyzes the deubiquitination of H2AK119Ub on nucleosomes, Zhang, Zheng, Tong and Deng et al. reveal that ubiquitin acts as a proteinaceous glue to fasten the intersubunit interaction within the complex to allosterically enhance its activity.

The retina offers a window into systemic health, but its molecular links to cardiometabolic disease remain unclear. Here, the authors show that metabolomic profiling on retinal nerve fibre layer combined with machine learning reveals shared metabolic states that predict cardiometabolic risk and bridge health inequities.

Vitamin B2 metabolism is important for essential biological processes, such as protection against oxidative damage and facilitating the immune response. Here authors show that contrary to its protective role in other contexts, upregulated Vitamin B2 metabolism via flavin adenine dinucleotide synthase propels the growth of tumour cells in hepatocellular cancer, while suppressing the anti-tumour CD8⁺ T cell response.

In this study, the authors present that deep brain stimulation of lateral hypothalamic area activates a hypothalamic-pontine-spinal pathway, promoting locomotor initiation and functional recovery after spinal cord injury in mice.

Genetic mutations causing hereditary deafness, including autosomal dominant non-syndromic deafness 15 (DFNA15), currently have no effective treatment. Here, authors establish a Pou4f3^WT/Q113* mutant mouse model and engineer and deliver an adenine base editor for near-complete hearing recovery.

Diabetic retinopathy is a major cause of blindness, yet ways to predict who will be affected remain limited. Here, the authors show that patterns of blood proteins can reveal disease mechanisms and enable powerful early prediction across diverse populations.

A proteotoxic stress response specific to exhausted T cells, governed by AKT signaling and accompanied by increased protein translation, represents a mechanistic vulnerability and a new therapeutic target to improve cancer immunotherapies.

In a prespecified interim analysis of the randomized, double-blind phase 3 COMPASSION-15 trial, patients with advanced HER2-negative gastric/GEJ cancer treated with the anti-PD-L1/CTLA-4 bispecific Ab cadonilimab plus chemotherapy showed significantly improved overall survival compared with patients treated with placebo plus chemotherapy as first-line treatment.

Ziyu Zhang and colleagues propose a progressive reshaping model of human driving behaviour. It provides a new perspective for understanding driver behaviour during takeover from autonomous vehicles, guiding development of more secure autonomous driving systems.

Room-temperature solid-state single photon emitters in the telecom range are suitable for quantum communication. Here, the authors observe defects in high-purity 3C-SiC epitaxy layers grown on a silicon substrate, with good characteristics in terms of brightness, emission’s polarization and photostability.

In the COMPASSION-04 trial, first-line treatment with a bispecific antibody targeting CTLA-4 and PD-1 and chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced or metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma resulted in clinical responses with a manageable safety profile.

Achieving rapid thermal concealment across a wide temperature range is challenging. Here, the authors report a thermoelectric device-based thermal cloak that responds within 2.03 seconds over a temperature range from 5.77 °C to 109.16 °C.

Nasal colonization by Staphylococcus aureus is linked with depression in a human cohort and shown in a mouse model to cause decreased serotonin and dopamine in the brain.

It is still a great challenge to synthesize value-added products with two or more carbons directly from CO₂. Now, a bifunctional catalyst composed of reducible metal oxides (In₂O₃) and zeolites (HZSM-5) is prepared and yields high selectivity to gasoline-range hydrocarbons (78.6%) with a high octane number directly from CO₂ hydrogenation.

An erbium(III)–bacteriochlorin probe with large Stokes shift and efficient near-infrared to near-infrared energy conversion enables multiplexed imaging of deep tissues in living animals.

Understanding antibody responses to Sars-CoV-2 proteins over time is complicated by many variables. Here the authors survey IgM and IgG antibodies against S protein, RBD and nucleoprotein in a large cohort of infected and recovering severe vs. moderate COVID-19 patients, comparing against clinical parameters and immunological readouts.

Absorption and accumulation of atmospheric microplastics by plant leaves occurs widely in the environment.

Here, the authors suggest a role of the lysine acetyltransferase KAT7 in inhibiting procentriole formation and colorectal tumorigenesis via competitive antagonism of its crotonylation against acetylation.

Luminescent lanthanide materials are of value for a range of applications, but most rely on intrashell f–f transitions, limiting their tunability. Here, the authors explore f–d transitions in three-coordinated cerium(III) complexes, achieving orange d–f emissions with photoluminescence quantum yields of up to 62%.

Pathological retinal neovascularization (RNV) is a major cause of blindness. Here, the authors show that endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR) promotes RNV through carbon monoxide derived from heme catabolism, and blocking EPCR offers therapeutic potential for the treating RNV.

The development of ion-solvating membranes with low ion resistance and high ion selectivity remains a challenge in the field of electrochemical energy conversion and storage. Here the authors report that watermelon skin ion-solvating membrane exhibits high ion conductivity and high ion selectivity.

Ye and colleagues show that an oncolytic virus that delivers tumor-irrelevant bystander T cell epitopes to tumor cells can exploit the abundant population of bystander T cells in the tumor for anti-tumor immunity and potentiate cancer immunotherapy.

Authors develop a siRNA delivery system, named Ionizable Polymeric Micelles (IPMs) which employs a FAPi modification, enabling IPMs to target activated hepatic stellate cells, silencing target genes and treating liver fibrosis.

The potential roles of post-translational modification of bacterial proteins in pathogenesis are not well understood. Here, Wang et al. show that posttranslational lactylation of proteins, in particular alpha-toxin, is important for virulence of the human pathogen Staphylococcus aureus.

Layer-stacking domain walls in van der Waals heterostructures form a broadly tunable Luttinger liquid system, including both isolated and coupled arrays.

A pore-modulated pyrolysis reactor that enables catalyst-free and energy-efficient upcycling of plastic waste is demonstrated. The graded-pore structure imposes molecular-weight-dependent transport barriers, establishing a gating effect that enhances product selectivity and yields aviation fuel precursor (C₈–C₁₈) with high efficiency.

Ma et al. profile the dynamic landscape of m⁶A during pancreatic differentiation, and identify ALKBH5 as an essential m⁶A regulator supporting pancreatic differentiation, indicating a role for m⁶A-mediated mRNA metabolism in cell-fate specification.

A real-time in situ magnetization reprogramming method for magnetic soft robots enables dynamic shape control, cooperative multi-tool manipulation and expanded actuation abilities.

CO₂ electroreduction to higher-value carbons can occur through adsorbed hydrogen or through proton-coupled electron transfer from water. Understanding the impact of each route on product selectivity is challenging. Now H/D isotopic labelling reveals the contribution of each mechanism towards product formation and shows that adsorbed hydrogen dominates the reaction.