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Understanding collective behaviour is an important aspect of managing the pandemic response. Here the authors show in a large global study that participants that reported identifying more strongly with their nation reported greater engagement in public health behaviours and support for public health policies in the context of the pandemic.

Complex reaction networks can reach out-of-equilibrium steady states with multiple product-determining steps. Now it has been shown that a four-component photochemical network enables selective GlcNAc-to-GalNAc epimerization. Boronic ester co-catalysis tunes hydrogen-atom abstraction and donation to enhance site selectivity and diastereoselectivity, illustrating kinetic network control for selective catalysis.

Including data from 1,047 patients across 19 inflammatory diseases, a new atlas presents a comprehensive model of inflammation in circulating immune cells.

GaitDynamics is a generative foundation model for accurately and efficiently estimating the motion and forces of human gaits from kinematic data, which will have impacts in injury prevention, therapies and performance coaching.

Melting from the Greenland Ice Sheet triggers land uplift beneath the ice sheet and changes to Earth’s gravitational field and rotation axis, a process called Glacial Isostatic Adjustment. Lewright et al. find that this process will lead to a local sea level fall along Greenland’s coast over this century.

This study introduces a sediment-based method to reconstruct Antarctic fast-ice change during the late Holocene, revealing cyclic patterns linked to solar variability and offering insight into long-term cryosphere climate dynamics.

New hominin fossils from the Grotte à Hominidés at Thomas Quarry I (ThI-GH) in Casablanca, Morocco, dated to around 773 thousand years ago are similar in age to Homo antecessor, yet are morphologically distinct.

Wheat yields in northwest Europe have plateaued since the mid-1990s. This study finds that no ceiling in genetic yield potential has been reached and that climatic conditions have not constrained wheat yields across high-yielding environments in the region thus far; suboptimal agronomic management is responsible for unrealized wheat yield progress of 67–114 kg ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹ during the period 1994–2016.

The reactivity and ligandability of arginine within the human proteome have been largely unexplored despite it being involved in various biological functions. Now, arginine reactivity and ligandability have been mapped across the proteome, revealing hyper-reactive sites and identifying residues that control liquid–liquid phase separation, protein activity and protein–protein interactions.

The CMS Collaboration reports the measurement of the spin, parity, and charge conjugation properties of all-charm tetraquarks, exotic fleeting particles formed in proton–proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider.

Metastatic triple negative breast cancer (mTNBC) has limited treatments options. Here, this group presents a combination of low-dose cyclophosphamide, anti-CSF1R, and anti-PD-1 therapies to boost immune cell infiltration and reduce recurrence in aggressive TNBC models.

Drug tolerance to KRAS inhibition remains a major challenge in cancer therapy. Here the authors find that KRAS inhibition induces a cellular state characterized by enhanced ribosome biogenesis in KRAS-mutant colorectal cancer cells and these cells are vulnerable to inhibition of RNA polymerase I.

Integrating complex multi-omics data for individual patient decision making can be challenging. Here, the authors develop Knowledge Connector as a decision support system to generate and document Molecular Tumor Board recommendations and support medical decision-making.

A neuromorphic sensing system combining a flexible piezoelectric sensor array, event-triggered circuitry and a memristive chip enables energy-efficient, low-latency edge processing of event-based data through analogue in-memory computing.

We conducted a CRISPR screen to identify genes essential for neural differentiation. By integrating these findings with mouse neuroanatomy, we demonstrated its utility in discovering a new PEDS1-related neurodevelopmental disorder.

Catalyst design is typically tailored to individual reactions because universal descriptors connecting molecular structure to ideal active-site configurations are lacking. Here, the authors reveal a reactant-dependent volcano trend in Pt-catalyzed cycloalkane dehydrogenation, dictated by the Pt–Pt coordination number.

Histone H2B S112 O-GlcNAcylation facilitates H2B K120 monoubiquitylation, which promotes transcriptional activation; however, the mechanism is unknown. Structural and biochemical characterization reveals that the O-GlcNAc moiety has a unique role by allosterically activating the E2 enzyme RAD6A and directly enhancing its enzymatic activity.

The Greenland shark, the longest-living vertebrate, inhabits the dim, frigid depths of the Arctic Ocean. Despite its extreme lifespan, this study finds that its vision remains intact and well-adapted for life in dim light, revealing remarkable preservation of sensory function across centuries.

Trends in global H₂ sources and sinks are analysed from 1990 to 2020, and a comprehensive budget for the decade 2010–2020 is presented.

The R21/Matrix-M vaccine, but not the ME-TRAP vaccine, was protective against intradermal challenge with Plasmodium falciparum sporozoites, while neither was protective against direct venous inoculation, potentially explaining previously observed differences in protection.

Natural hydrogen is generated through chemical and radioactive processes in the Earth’s crust, and could be an important future clean chemical feedstock and energy resource. This Review examines the processes of geological hydrogen generation, migration, accumulation and preservation that enable the development of exploitable reserves.

Fabrication of fully stretchable organic light-emitting diodes incorporating an intrinsically stretchable exciplex-assisted phosphorescent layer along with MXene-contact stretchable electrodes is described, demonstrating high efficiency and mechanical compliance for applications in next-generation wearable and deformable displays.

This work presents a global wind power simulation tool that uses high-resolution data and extensive validation to improve accuracy. It corrects wind speed biases and validates against real-world data, enhancing reliability for wind energy assessments across various scales and regions.

Pulmonary type 2 inflammation is associated with type 2 innate lymphoid cells. Here the authors use the Collaborative Cross mouse panel to show that ILC2 abundance during type 2 lung inflammation is different across the panel and identify free-fatty acid receptor 3 (Ffar3) as a gene responsible and show cytokine and ILC2 functional changes.

Provencio and colleagues reported the exploratory efficacy outcomes and safety results from the CheckMate 77T phase 3 trial in patients with stage III resectable non-small-cell lung cancer.

Bessler et al. developed a human organoid model for H3.3K27M-altered diffuse midline glioma that recapitulates key tumor features and demonstrated its utility for modeling CAR T cell and microglia functions.

Detection of hot intracluster gas in SPT2349−56 with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array provides new insights into early cluster formation.

Selecting for varieties of commercial crops with enhanced nutritional quality is important in agriculture. Here, the authors identify alleles of a gene in tomatoes that give rise to increased levels of vitamin E and find that the promoter of the gene is differentially methylated.

In a long-term follow-up of the FAME 2 trial, fractional flow reserve-guided percutaneous coronary intervention plus medical therapy in patients with stable coronary artery disease reduced cardiovascular events compared to medical therapy alone, primarily due to a decrease in urgent revascularization events.

Break-induced replication (BIR) repairs broken DNA but can also destabilize genomes. The authors identify 33 new genes controlling BIR completion, showing that spindle assembly and spindle positioning checkpoints coordinate repair, and that nuclear pore proteins regulate BIR at multiple steps.

The MOUNTAINEER phase 2 trial demonstrated the efficacy and safety of tucatinib (HER2-targeted TKI) and trastuzumab (anti-HER2 antibody) in patients with HER2 + , RAS wildtype unresectable or metastatic colorectal cancer that had progressed on chemotherapy, resulting in the approval of the regimen. Here, the authors report the updated analysis of the MOUNTAINEER trial.

The ALICE Collaboration provides details on the microscopic mechanism that ends up creating antideuteron in high-energy proton–proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider.

Currently, there is a lack of clear understanding on how glioma cells exploit neural electrophysiological signaling to drive hyper-invasive behavior. Here, the authors integrate custom microfluidics with machine learning-based signal decoding to uncover a mechanism by which tumors actively reprogram neural firing patterns, synchronizing with their microenvironment to enhance invasiveness.

In this study, authors employ fragment-based lead discovery to identify WRN inhibitors. The fragment hits reveal an additional allosteric pocket and uncover a previously uncharacterized structural conformation of the WRN helicase domain with unique orientations of the ATPase domains

Researchers studied the blood-based metabolome of over 23,000 people from ten ethnically diverse cohorts. They identified 235 metabolites associated with future risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). By integrating genetic and modifiable lifestyle factors, their findings provide insights into T2D mechanisms and could improve risk prediction and inform precision prevention.

A dual-gate structure in bilayer MoS₂ FETs is reported, allowing a high carrier density by compensating for the fringing field, which holds promise for 2D semiconductor logic applications.

Here the authors show that tissue-resident memory and exhausted T cells in tumors are distinct populations that are shaped by relative presence or absence of TCR signals, suggesting that a tailored therapeutic strategy is needed to target each subset.

Neural mechanisms mediating opioid-induced constipation are not fully understood. Here authors find that morphine-induced constipation is mediated by a neural circuit from the paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus to the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus, and subsequently to the small intestine in male mice.

High-resolution flare footpoint observations in the extreme ultraviolet and X-rays were taken by Solar Orbiter. Combined with simulations, the results reveal that the dominant mechanism carrying flare energy through the Sun’s atmosphere can vary on small spatial scales.

The structure and functioning of soil food webs between biomes remains unknown. Here, tropical soil food webs are shown to have higher energy flux, predation and herbivory than temperate soil food webs which are based on litter and microbial biomass.

Here, the authors disclose a simple and efficient photocatalytic method for the transfer hydrogenation of unsaturated compounds using alcohol as the hydrogen source and low-cost decatungstate as the photocatalyst.

Crystalline solvates have potential uses in pharmaceutical applications, but establishing physical stability is challenging. Here, the authors report the development of a screening method, controlled solvent activity liquid assisted grinding, for accurate mapping of solvate stability regions.

The interplay between Kondo screening and magnetic order is pivotal in understanding strongly correlated systems, yet isolating the relevant mechanisms remains challenging due to complex electronic structures. Here, the authors use a Ni-based spin-(1/2,1) Kondo necklace model to demonstrate that Kondo coupling to spin-1 and higher can stabilize antiferromagnetic order.

Climate change can alter when and how animals grow, breed, and migrate, but it is unclear whether this allows populations to persist. This global study shows that shifts in seasonal timing are key to helping vertebrate species maintain population growth under global warming.

In a multicenter, randomized trial of patients with atrial fibrillation and a low risk of thromboembolic events, treatment with the anticoagulant rivaroxaban showed no benefit in reducing cognitive decline, stroke or transient ischemic attack when compared to placebo.

The Atlantic Ocean is having an increasing influence on the Arctic but the drivers of this are unclear. By combining ocean modelling and deep learning methods, the authors show that the increased flow through the Barents Sea Opening is driven by spectral changes of atmospheric variability.