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Natural variation in the promoter of OsTPS8 contributes to differences in grain chalkiness and seed vigor between indica and japonica rice subspecies by altering trehalose-6-phosphate biosynthesis and α-amylase levels.

Bioresorbable piezoelectric materials are key for bioelectronic–tissue integration but remain challenging to realize. Here, the authors develop flexible Rochelle salt/PLLA nanofibers that enable effective nerve regeneration and wireless monitoring of intestinal motility.

Phage therapy is an alternative treatment against biofilm-associated infections. In this case report, phage-antibiotic therapy was used to treat a vascular graft infection caused by a refractory fluoroquinolone non-susceptible Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

The longevity of leaves determines the overall duration of photosynthesis for plants. This study suggests that climate change drives leaf longevity convergence toward intermediate ranges, which, by altering leaf traits and enhancing photosynthetic capacity, strengthens ecosystem stability and is closely linked to vegetation diversity.

Acute-on-chronic liver failure is a complex condition with varied definitions. Using unbiased clustering, the study identifies two distinct subtypes with markedly different 30-day mortality risks and highlights key determinants.

Zinc-metal batteries are restricted by their inherent high activity of aqueous electrolyte. Here, authors report the design of a new class of zinc-based hybrid metal halide solid-state electrolytes, offering a promising avenue for all-solid-state zinc batteries.

Base editors (BEs) enable precise base substitutions but are limited by their large size. Here, the authors engineer a split BE system utilizing coiled-coil heterodimers (CC-BE) and demonstrate that CC-BEs maintain or even enhance efficiency, enabling gene therapy applications via dual AAV.

Here, the authors identify DspII, a functionally equivalent and indispensable partner of DspI in mediating the chronic-to-acute virulence switch in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which is a key adaptive strategy that facilitates response to the host.

This work creates a magnon-photon interface from a 2D magnetic semiconductor metasurface. It demonstrates both the static and ultrafast control of exciton polaritons with spins and coherent magnons, paving the way for spin-based photonic devices.

Metal-cation-free CO₂ electroreduction in strong acid minimizes reactant loss and salt precipitation yet struggles with CO₂ activation and hydrogen evolution competition. Here, the authors report bioinspired sharp gold triangles with a proton-blocking layer that polarize CO₂ and suppress hydrogen evolution.

This study reports a universally cryogenic stripping strategy for transferring laser-induced graphene onto diverse surfaces without modulus limitations. The thickness of typical receiver elastomers can be reduced to 6.7 μm for large-scale electronic skins.

In osteoporotic fracture-related infection (FRI), coordinated bone healing is compromised by cortical bone lysis and persistent bacterial colonization. Here, Li et al. report a dual-action nanocomposite bisphosphonates hydrogel for treatment of osteoporotic FRI that preserves cortical bone integrity and restores fracture healing.

Sclerostin impairs whole-body lipidandglucosemetabolism. Here, the authors further demonstrate that adipocytic sclerostin loop3-LRP4 interactionparticipatesin the impairment effect of sclerostin on whole-body lipid and glucose metabolism.

The Taiwan Precision Medicine Initiative (TPMI) has built a cohort of more than half a million individuals with Han Chinese ancestry, providing a rich resource of genetic and medical data for this group.

The ability to control the wetting of liquids on solid surfaces is crucial for advanced science and engineering. Here, a bulk-cusp microstructure enables programmable 0–4 directional droplet spreading without external energy, driven by precursor film dynamics and capillary forces, offering potential for improved lubrication and smart cooling applications.

To enable a sensed RNA to activate diverse RNA effectors, the authors engineer a programmable dual-site ribozyme that, upon RNA trigger binding, self-cleaves to release an embedded RNA. It enables trigger-dependent release of diverse ncRNAs and controls CRISPR-Cas9 editing in zebrafish and human cells.

The Taiwan Precision Medicine Initiative recruited and genotyped more than half a million Taiwanese participants, almost all of Han Chinese ancestry, and performed comprehensive genomic analyses and developed polygenic risk score prediction models for numerous health conditions.

The mechanisms underlying oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) and neuron interactions remain unclear. Here, the authors show that chromatin remodeler BAF155 regulates OPC differentiation and myelination by coordinating synaptic genes for OPC neuron communication, contributing to autism-like behavioral deficits in mice

Liu et al. report Chinese normative lifespan brain charts showing later neurodevelopmental milestones than those detected in Western cohorts. Individual deviations from these norms are valuable in assessing clinical risk and outcomes.

Psychedelics and their non-hallucinogenic analogues were compared, revealing that serotonin 2A receptor (5-HT_2AR)-mediated G_i signalling is essential for hallucinogenic effect, with the functional mechanisms underlying this providing insights for designing therapeutic drugs without hallucinogenic effects.

A cross-ancestry GWAS meta-analyses of brainstem structures identify 713 associations. It reveals shared/distinct genetic architectures across ancestries/substructures and overlaps with neuropsychiatric disorders and physiological functions.

Patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) have limited therapeutic options. Here the authors show that functionally impaired NK cells contribute to immune escape of pre-malignant clones in early stage MDS and that NK adoptive cell therapy can be considered to prevent or delay the development of MDS.

TRIM37–PARP1–TET1 signalling preserves stem cell function and prevents osteoporosis by regulating DNMT1 splicing through 5hmC maintenance, revealing a mechanism linking epigenetic control to stem cell function and bone health.

Decarbonization of the power system is crucial for meeting climate goals, but it may unintentionally increase heat-related mortality in large urban areas such as Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao, according to an analysis that uses climate, weather, and health data and a statistical approach

It is unclear how early-life urbanicity influences adult neurobehavioral traits. This study reveals that earlier menarche mediates the relationship between early-life urbanicity and adult neurobehavioral traits associated with mental disorders.

The pathophysiologic functions of small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) remain to be studied. Here the authors report that snoRNA SNORA49 suppresses liver cancer stem cell renewal through transcriptional inhibition of the stemness factor SOX9.

A self-powered symbiotic transcatheter pacemaker that regenerates energy via electromagnetic induction from the cardiac motion demonstrates a month-long operation in a porcine model of arrhythmia and surpasses the critical energy condition for lifelong service.

Topological metamaterial clothing based on metallic conductive textiles can be used to create robust biosensing networks on the human body that can monitor vital signs during exercise.

Shoot branching is critical in determining soybean yield. Here, the authors report natural variation of Dt2 in controlling soybean branching number and the interaction of Dt2 with GmAgl22 and GmSoc1a to activate transcription of GmAp1a and GmAp1d.

A protocol to isolate small intracellular vesicles from human cells is reported; these are molecularly distinct from small extracellular vesicles and show superior therapeutic potential in retinal degeneration and drug delivery.

Here the authors reveal a study of 486,956 Han Chinese individuals showing that most people with genetic variants affecting drug response do not have the predicted adverse events, highlighting the challenges of implementing pharmacogenetics in clinical practice.

Alphaherpesvirus infections pose a health challenge due to the lack of effective broad-spectrum antiviral strategies. Here, the authors identify a broadly neutralizing antibody, 16F9, which targets glycoprotein B, offering cross-protection against multiple viruses and demonstrating robust efficacy in mouse models, paving the way for antiviral interventions.

Bicyclic peptides targeting integrin are promising drug candidates, yet achieving high selectivity for specific integrins remains challenging. Here, the authors design RGD-containing bicyclic peptides with a tryptathionine bridge, demonstrating that peptide 5j selectively targets integrin αvβ3, and induces αvβ3-targeted cytotoxicity by drug-peptide conjugates.

A soft, biodegradable, wireless sensing device can monitor pressure, temperature and strain over long distances (up to 16 cm), maintaining accuracy across varying positions and angles.

Tip-focused radiofrequency perforation enables soft, bloodless implantation of flexible electronic hairs, advancing semi-implantable electrophysiology for prosthetics and human–machine interfaces.

Hepatocyte-specific GPR110 mediates metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis progression by regulating hepatic oestrogen sensitivity in a sex-specific manner, specifically in female mice.

IBI318 is a recombinant bispecific IgG1 antibody that targets PD-1 and PD-L1. Here the authors report the results of a phase II trial of IBI318 combined with the receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor lenvatinib in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer with acquired resistance to first-line immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Authors provide real-world evidence demonstrating that rifaximin use in patients with cirrhosis and hepatic encephalopathy was associated with increased antimicrobial resistance, increasing the risk of infection-related complications and mortality.

PanoSpace enhances low-resolution spatial transcriptomics data to reconstruct continuous tissue maps at single-cell resolution. In cancer tissues and mouse brain, it refines cell localization, identity, gene expression and microenvironmental interactions.

The inability of intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells to shift the circadian clock in the suprachiasmatic nucleus during daytime is caused by light-dependent depolarization block of these cells.