Search

CRISPR–Cas tools enable genome regulation but are often too large for efficient AAV delivery. Here, authors engineer a compact enhanced TnpB–ωRNA system (enTnpB) as a versatile genome regulation platform and develop a single-AAV regimen, ImmunAct, to activate endogenous cytokines and enhance cancer immunotherapy.

Tight regulation of thymic T cell development is critical for immune homeostasis and leukemia prevention. Here, the authors identify USP10 as a MYC-induced deubiquitinase stabilizing SOX4 in early T cell development and T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia progression, while USP10 inhibition delays leukemogenesis in mice.

Despite rapid development of model algorithms, more evidence is needed on the widespread clinical implementation of auto-segmentation tools. In this prospective, multicenter, observational trial, the authors find that AI-assisted delineation performs better than manual delineation while improving time efficiency and reducing performance metrics variability across centers and physicians with varying expertise.

This randomized open-label trial shows that hemoadsorption combined with hemodialysis reduces all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, and cardiovascular events in patients with end-stage kidney disease compared to hemodialysis (mainly low-flux hemodialysis plus intermittent hemodiafiltration) alone.

A structural templating method transforms layered oxide materials to achieve stable ferroelectric phase with vertical polarization and thermal stability up to 350 °C, facilitating high-performance data storage for future computing technologies.

Meiotic sex chromosome inactivation is essential for spermatogenesis, but how transcription is silenced after initiation remains unclear. Here, authors show that nucleolar components NPM1, SENP3 and rRNA form a phase-separated compartment that excludes RNA polymerase II to enforce XY chromosome silencing.

Here, the authors report the fabrication of broadband flexible photodetectors based on composite graphene-copper phthalocyanine heterojunctions, showing that a moderate external pressure can enhance the performance of the devices. The detectors were also applied for simultaneous contact sensing and non-contact perception as electronic skin sensors.

FOXA1 is a master suppressor of prostate cancer tumorigenesis and lineage plasticity. Here, the authors discover that FOXA1 loss in mice drives basal-squamous de-differentiation and remodels the tumor microenvironment characterized by immunosuppressive myeloid cell accumulation and T-cell dysfunction.

The flammability of the Li electrode impedes its safe application in a battery. Here, the authors develop a layered Li electrode design to eliminate corrosion between Li metal and fire retardant, and smart release fire retardant against Li combustion during heating conditions, enabling a safe Li metal battery.

In C. elegans, a p38 MAPK–ATF-7 pathway upregulates hypodermal CATP-3 during potassium scarcity, integrating neuronal signals to maintain homeostasis, enhance survival, and link potassium regulation to lifespan and immunity. This conserved mechanism is distinct from osmotic stress responses.

The COMPASSION16 trial showed survival benefits of cadonilimab plus standard therapy in advanced cervical cancer. Here, subgroup analysis confirms consistent progression-free and overall survival improvements across diverse patient profiles.

The authors report acoustic microrobots with engineered cilia that could deform like bend, rotate, and change shape on demand. They use machine learning to accelerate and optimize designs for efficient actuation and future biomedical uses.

Cultivated banana is threatened by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense tropical race 4 (TR4). In this study, the authors assemble the genome of Musa cheesmanii, a wild banana species that is highly resistant to TR4, and use it in crossbreeding with two cultivars to enhance disease resistance.

Cancer cells could sense the availability of glucose to coordinate macromolecular synthetic processes. Here the authors find that glucose-activated adenylosuccinate lyase (ADSL) possesses a moonlighting function of promoting protein succination, thereby upregulating lipogenesis in hepatocellular carcinoma cells.

Template-directed covalent polymerization that proceeds without sacrificing non-covalent order of the precursor during alignment remains a formidable challenge. Here the authors report a supramolecular-templating strategy for photopolymerization of triphenylamine-based diyne assemblies.

Global cropland subsoil hides a “biogeochemical engine” where crop roots, soil texture, nitrifier communities, and hydrological conditions interact to fuel nitrification, silently driving soil acidification and groundwater nitrate pollution.

Tuning the emission of metal nanoclusters is a challenge. Here, the authors report on solvation-induced isomerization and modulation of electron transfer dynamics to achieve controllable emission across the entire visible range.

Tumor-associated macrophages shape cancer’s immunosuppressive microenvironment, but their heterogeneity hampers therapeutic targeting. This study identifies a CD19⁺ macrophage subset in hepatocellular carcinoma and evaluates strategies to target them for improved immunotherapy.

This study reveals that Amphotericin B activates glucocerebrosidase to remodel late endosomal lipid and protein composition, promoting respiratory viral entry. This highlights a risk of secondary viral infections during antifungal therapy.

ROS-mediated sulfenylation or ‘oxidative activation’ of p-GSK-3β can terminate glycogenesis and initiate gluconeogenesis by modulating Gys2 and FoxO1, leading to hepatic insulin resistance.

Lithium-metal batteries promise high energy but dendrites limit life. Here, authors introduce a 90 wt.% lithium multicomponent solid solution alloy negative electrode that drives lithium into the bulk, enabling 3100 mAh g − 1 capacity and a 385 Wh kg−1 pouch cell that retains 82% capacity after 600 cycles.

Robustness checks and reproduction of analyses with existing and updated data based on 110 articles in economics and political science journals with data and code-sharing requirements found high levels of robustness and reproducibility and determined that robustness was not dependent on author characteristics or data availability.

A dated phylogeny of 16,585 vascular plant species native to China reveals three major centres of endemism, including a potential new global biodiversity hotspot.

You, Hu et al. discover a population of COTL1^high NK cells regulated by GITRL⁺ macrophages and demonstrate their functional importance in mediating anti-tumour immunity in cancer with impaired tumour-specific MHC-I expression.

A clinical trial testing whether monitoring ctDNA clearance during treatment for nasopharyngeal cancer could be used to inform decisions about an individual’s subsequent therapeutic programme shows promising results.

Negative regulator of thermotolerance 1 (NAT1) is identified as a negative regulator of thermotolerance in rice through the NAT1–bHLH110–CER1/CER1L module. Modifying NAT1 by targeted gene editing increases wax deposition and enhances thermotolerance in rice.

DNA damage burden and inadequate repair in CUX2⁺ cortical layer 2/3 excitatory neurons contributes to selective vulnerability in neuroinflammatory injury.

This study from Wei-Guang Li, Tian-Le Xu and colleagues shows that neuropeptide Y released by specific hippocampal inhibitory neurons can switch fear memories into extinction memories by acting on two distinct receptor-defined neuron populations.

Androgen activity in the male embryonic hindbrain prolongs hindbrain differentiation in male individuals and drives sex differences in the incidence and prognosis of posterior fossa type A (PFA) ependymoma, an aggressive childhood brain tumour.

Li, Li, Yang and Huang et al. show that ultraviolet-induced ribotoxic stress activates ZAK signaling to phosphorylate the Integrator subunit INTS12, thus promoting Integrator recruitment to CSB-bound, stalled RNA polymerase II (Pol II) and facilitating Pol II removal during efficient transcription-coupled nucleotide excision repair.

Researchers identify FOXJ3 variants in focal epilepsy and cortical dysplasia and show that FOXJ3 regulates neuronal migration and cortical layer formation by controlling the PTEN–mTOR pathway; disruption of this process leads to abnormal brain development.

SnRK1β1A in rice promotes susceptibility to multiple fungal diseases, and disrupting this infection-inducible gene confers broad-spectrum resistance without compromising growth or yield under normal field conditions.

Paraoxonase-1 (PON1) is a liver-specific glycoprotein that has been shown to be a tumor suppressor in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Here, the authors show that PON1 reduces HCC tumor growth due to regulation of lactic acid production and regulatory T cell-mediated immunosuppression.

A meta-topological hydrogel suppresses multisource motion artefacts across tailored frequencies, enabling artefact-free haemodynamic and electrophysiological recording with robust fatigue profiling.

Low-smoke fuels used for residential heating emit greater numbers of hazardous ultrafine particles, and therefore contribute more to particle deposition in the lungs, than other fuel combinations, highlighting the need to revise air quality standards to address these health risks.

Zheng et al. show that extending the guide RNA restores the reduced activity of a high-fidelity CRISPR–Cas9 enzyme while preserving accuracy, revealing how strengthened PAM-distal interactions can improve genome-editing performance.

Measurement-based quantum computing implements quantum algorithms by performing sequences of measurements on special classes of entangled states, such as cluster states. This approach has now been demonstrated on a superconducting quantum processor.

Here, Li, Lu, Xia and colleagues identify the maternal complex MPU (PADI6–UHRF1–UBE2D), determine its cryo-electron microscopy structure and show that PADI6 maintains oocyte proteostasis by sequestering UBE2D with the assistance of UHRF1, thereby inhibiting protein ubiquitination. The study, thus, provides a molecular mechanism underlying PADI6-associated female infertility.

In this study, the authors show that chandelier cells in the medial prefrontal cortex integrate circuit inputs, encode stimulus salience across sensory modalities, and thus influence associative learning in male mice.

Lithium dendrites are a major barrier to the use of high-energy lithium metal batteries. Now, a highly adhesive polymer electrolyte is designed to suppress lithium dendrites by confining lithium in a continuous nucleation state through strong interfacial binding interactions.