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To address the challenge of response delays in gas sensors, this study proposes a hydroelectrochemical sensing strategy whereby droplets capture gas molecules and induce instantaneous interfacial electron transfer, enabling rapid detection.

Polarons play a crucial role in determining the (photo)electrocatalytic activity of semiconductors. Here, the authors report a reversible, potential-driven method to generate Ti³⁺ polarons on TiO₂, creating dynamic active sites that break the adsorption-potential linearity and boost hydrogen evolution.

The study evaluates China’s offshore wind potential using farm-scale modeling, revealing lower potential than previous estimates. It incorporates realistic turbine layouts, wake loss modeling, and climate scenarios, highlighting economic and technical differences between nearshore and deep-water wind farms.

Modifying the light-absorbing or catalytic properties of a photocatalyst typically requires tedious preparation, resulting in a lengthy development process. Here, the authors address this limitation by achieving manganese-based low-energy photoredox catalysis through the in-situ assembly of simple Mn salts with inexpensive coordinating chemicals.

How the vascular endothelial cells support the functional adaptation of pancreatic islets under obesity-associated metabolic stress is poorly understood. Here, the authors show that the ER stress sensor IRE1α employs its RNase activity to play an important regulatory role in this process.

In patients with immunotherapy-resistant, HPV-negative head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HPV- HNSCC), cetuximab (EGFR inhibitor) is the standard of care but success is limited. Here, the authors report the results of their phase II trial investigating dalpicilib (CDK4/6 inhibitor) and cetuximab in patients with immunotherapy resistant HPV- HNSCC.

Here the authors show a general method to make alkoxide-based network-forming glasses with tunable properties by combining titanium, zirconium and boron-based nodes, multi-dentate alcohol linkers and mono-dentate alcohol modulators.

Acne is a common skin disease caused by the anaerobic Cutibacterium acnes. Here, the authors report a microneedles patch loaded with near infrared-driven self-oxygenating ZnO₂@PDA-MnO₂ nanomotors for photothermal therapy of acne.

Emerging evidence underscores biophysical characteristics of cancer cells as key modulators of cancer metastasis. Here, the authors reported a single-cell mechanophenotyping chip that screens deformable CTCs to reveal the hematogenous metastatic potential of bacteria-infected breast cancer.

Chromatin profiling methods are often limited by a lack of suitable antibodies. Here, authors present Af-CUT&Tag, a chromatin profiling strategy based on CRISPR-integrated peptide tags which enables sensitive bulk and single-cell mapping of transcriptional regulators.

Metal-cation-free CO₂ electroreduction in strong acid minimizes reactant loss and salt precipitation yet struggles with CO₂ activation and hydrogen evolution competition. Here, the authors report bioinspired sharp gold triangles with a proton-blocking layer that polarize CO₂ and suppress hydrogen evolution.

In the phase III NAPOLI-3 trial, first-line treatment with NALIRIFOX was associated with improved overall survival compared to gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel in patients with metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Here the authors report the results of a randomized phase II trial comparing the two regimens, NALIRIFOX versus Gemcitabine plus Nab-Paclitaxel, in Chinese patients.

A M5 earthquake triggered the 2018 Sierra Negra eruption after 10 hours. Subsequent microseismicity revealed a cryptic fluid phase facilitated magma intrusion, highlighting that cascading processes are potentially essential for eruption initiations.

Distributed multiparameter quantum metrology allows to probe multiple spatially distributed parameters across networked quantum systems. Here, the authors demonstrate distributed multiparameter quantum metrology in a modular superconducting quantum processor network.

The authors report the time-reversal symmetry breaking superconductivity in the thin-flake kagome material RbV3Sb5, manifesting primarily as an unconventional form of hysteresis that is not observed in CsV3Sb5. They also observe reentrance of superconductivity during an in-plane field-sweeping process at 400 mK.

Spatiotemporal coordination of cellular and molecular events is crucial for cell fate commitment. Here, Yang et al. describe how transcription factors, signaling pathways, and epigenomic states regulate left-right patterning and axial mesendoderm lineage commitment during mouse gastrulation.

Hepatectomy is an important part of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment but postoperative recurrence limits long-term survival. Here, the authors report a phase II clinical trial investigating perioperative tislelizumab (anti-PD-1) and lenvatinib (multi tyrosine kinase inhibitor) in patients with resectable HCC with a high-risk of recurrence.

The existence of a long-lived, prethermal regime in many-body systems with tunable heating rates, driven by structured random protocols, is observed using a 78-qubit superconducting quantum processor.

How site-specific tumor microenvironment (TME) drives the metastasis of high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) remains unclear. Here, the authors employ an integrated single cell multi-omics approach to map the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of HGSOC metastasis TME and identify an interaction network within the TME driven by SELENOP⁺ macrophages and pre-exhausted CD8⁺ T cells.

Freestanding membranes of hexagonal oxides remain difficult to obtain. In this work, a water-soluble crystalline hexagonal BaAl₂O₄ is found to serve as a sacrificial layer for obtaining freestanding membranes with six-fold or three-fold symmetry.

This study demonstrates that simple alkali etching enables in-situ regeneration of oxygen vacancies on CuO, enhancing peroxymonosulfate activation for efficient pollutant degradation with a 42-fold increase and long-term stability.

Tumor-associated macrophages play central roles in the cellular immune response in the tumor microenvironment. Here the authors implicate the m6A methyltransferase METTL3 in glioma progression by regulation of the ISG15/FASN modulated lipid metabolism in macrophage.

Humanity’s Last Exam, a multi-modal benchmark at the frontier of human knowledge, is designed to be an expert-level closed-ended academic benchmark with broad subject coverage.

Metastatic cancer cells rely on metabolic flexibility to survive. Here, the authors show that metastatic breast cancer cells use lactate for mitochondrial oxidation via the CD147/MCT1/LDHB complex to sustain stemness and promote metastasis.

The authors leverage a super-bunching light to develop a spectrally encoded parallel LiDAR that achieves crosstalk-free optical channel division and supports effective long-range detection beyond conventional pulse-period limitations without requiring additional encoding or decoding.

By combining satellite observations with ground-based data and expert validation, this analysis demonstrates considerable misestimation of grassland extent and thereby carbon stock estimates in previous global assessments based on remote sensing.

A skeletal editing strategy for the direct conversion of oxazoles and isoxazoles into thiazoles and isothiazoles is described. These one-step transformations may be beneficial for drug development programmes by enabling rapid diversification of bioactive compounds and advancing structure–activity relationship studies.

Stone tools illustrate behavioural complexities in Middle Pleistocene hominin populations. Here, the authors present small dimensional flakes and hafted tools from Xigou, central China, dated to ~160–72 thousand years ago that demonstrate early, complex technological advancements.

Zhang, Huang, Wang, Long et al. report that NAT10 enhances serine uptake and biosynthesis in an ac4C-dependent mechanism, thereby promoting stemness and progression in acute myeloid leukaemia.

Ferroelectric ordering of moiré excitons and collective photon emission emerge in WSe₂/WS₂ heterobilayers near the Mott state driven by strong dipolar interactions and a transition to symmetry-broken ferroelectric phases.

A four-qubit quantum error detection circuit with stabilizers can be implemented with spin qubits in a donor-based silicon quantum processor.

Quantum low-density parity-check error correction codes are anticipated to deliver high performance, but require long-range qubit–qubit interactions. Two of these error correction codes have now been successfully implemented on a superconducting device.

To achieve simultaneous transparency and vivid multicolor switching in electrochromics is desirable owing to their potential as next-generation transparent displays. Here, the authors show a single-molecule design strategy that integrates a rhodamine moiety with a propylenedioxythiophene unit and incorporates molecular doping to achieve high optical transmittance with three distinct optical states.

Rice indica varieties have higher nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) than that of japonica varieties. Here, the authors show that natural variation of OsWRKY23 and its interaction with DULL NITROGEN RESPONSE1 (DNR1)-mediated auxin accumulation play a role in NUE divergence between the two rice subspecies.

An artificial intelligence-driven robotic chemist that integrates generative machine-learning models incorporating spectroscopic descriptors with automated experimentation is developed, enabling the inverse design of high-entropy catalysts and offering a generalizable strategy for the design of diverse complex materials.

The authors found esterified pectin localized at the stiff poles of maize stomata, modulating stomatal opening. These results reveal novel targets for stomatal engineering and breeding crops with higher water use efficiency.

Controllable and scalable phase transition of transition metal chalcogenides is challenging. Using in situ microscopic analysis, a non-stoichiometric phase transition from PdTe₂ to PdTe is observed on the atomic scale, providing mechanistic insights into the scalable phase engineering of transition metal chalcogenide films and heterostructures.

Parasitoid wasps are reared and released as biocontrol agents to manage aphids and protect crops. Here, the authors use genomes from 542 wasps to show that, in spite of wide scale release of low-diversity captive individuals, diversity in wild populations is maintained.

A single-cell epigenomic atlas of human immune cells highlights cell-type-specific features associated with genetic or environmental exposures.

A flexible digital artificial intelligence chip with a compute-in-memory architecture is fabricated using a commercial low-temperature polycrystalline silicon thin-film transistor process and shows high accuracy in human daily activity monitoring using multimodal physiological signals.

An in situ multistep edge-contact process is developed for MoS₂ transistors, achieving quasi-non-volatile capacitorless two-transistor dynamic random-access memory with 5-bit accuracy and nanosecond write speeds.

The efficiency of selenium photovoltaics is hindered by the poor crystallization of the Se film. Wen, Li, Lu and colleagues use light to initiate Se crystallization, suppressing dewetting and enabling the formation of a continuous film, which achieves a certified efficiency of 10.3%.

This study shows that oceanic extreme warm events, termed marine heatwaves, exacerbate extreme rainfall over land by 20–30%, increasing flood risks for coastal regions.